Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jinlong Wang, Jinmin Guo, Bingling He, Daping Liu, Xin-Dong Pan, Xiao-Chun Li, Guang-Nan Luo
Summary: This study investigated the diffusion and incidence of helium on tungsten surfaces using first principles and molecular dynamics methods. It was found that the diffusion barrier of helium is correlated with the interatomic spacing/surface atomic density. The diffusion barrier of helium represents the lower limit for helium implantation into tungsten. Only helium with an incidence energy greater than 7 eV has the potential to be implanted. The implantation ratio of helium increases with increasing incidence energy and decreases with increasing substrate temperature.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jianyi Liu, Haohua Wen, Weijin Chen, Yue Zheng
Summary: This paper explores the relationship between polarization relaxation time and phonon mode lifetimes in ferroelectrics, as well as the connection to the kinetic coefficient in the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equation. A theoretical model for polarization switching time is proposed and verified through dynamical simulation data, demonstrating the applicability and reliability of the physical picture of relaxation time presented in the study.
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Zhiwei Lin, Caiyu Wu, Huanhuan He, Shengming Jiang, Feng Ren, Liuxuan Cao, Zijing Huang, Jian Zhang
Summary: The evolution of helium bubbles in fluorapatite ceramic was studied through pre-irradiation and in-situ annealing experiments. As the temperature increased, helium bubbles formed, coarsened, and ultimately reached a stable state at 823K.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
A. Biswas, N. Abharana, S. N. Jha, D. Bhattacharyya
Summary: This study utilized element specific GIXRF technique to investigate individual interface diffusion of Ni and Ti in the Ni/Ti multilayer, comparing the results with the more widely used GIXRR technique and revealing additional information on Ni and Ti diffusion. The research demonstrated that the non-destructive and relatively simpler GIXRF technique can be used for precise elemental depth profiling of multilayer structures.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yosuke Minowa, Shota Aoyagi, Sosuke Inui, Tomo Nakagawa, Gamu Asaka, Makoto Tsubota, Masaaki Ashida
Summary: Impurity injection into superfluid helium is a method with diverse applications, but the interaction mechanism with dense materials is still unclear. This study provides experimental evidence of the attraction between dense silicon nanoparticles and quantized vortex cores, and observes the phenomenon of quantized vortex reconnection.
Article
Crystallography
Zhi-Yi Zhang, Bo Xu, Peng-Yu Yuan, Zi-Xuan Wang
Summary: This study analyzes the gemological characteristics, spectroscopic tests, and chemical analyses of apatite from Madagascar, compares them with apatite from other sources, and establishes the origin information of Madagascar apatite.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Z. J. Bergstrom, D. Perez, E. Martinez
Summary: This research describes the diffusion mechanism of high-pressure bubbles in fusion reactor environments, revealing that bubbles are most mobile under specific conditions. Bubbles experience peak diffusivity, and the calculated diffusion coefficients can improve predictions of plasma-surface interactions.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Obaid Obaidullah, RuiXuan Zhao, XiangCao Li, ChuBin Wan, TingTing Sui, Xin Ju
Summary: This paper investigates the stability, electronic structure, energetics, charge density distribution, PDOS and TDOS, and diffusion processes of He impurities in 6H-SiC materials. The results show that the most stable position for interstitial He is the HR site with a formation energy of 2.40 eV, and He atom prefers to substitute at pre-existing Si vacancy rather than C vacancy. The calculated energy barriers suggest that the most possible diffusion path involves the exchange of interstitial and vacancy sites with migration energies ranging from 0.101 eV to 1.0 eV. This study provides a better understanding of the stabilization and diffusion behaviors of He impurities in 6H-SiC materials.
NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Abbas S. AL-Ameeri, M. Imran Rafiq, Ourania Tsioulou
Summary: This study investigates the impact of concrete carbonation on chloride penetration resistance and corrosion rate in RC structures with service-related cracks. Results demonstrate that carbonation significantly increases chloride penetration depth, chloride concentration profile, and corrosion potential when exposed to chloride environment, compared to uncarbonated concrete samples.
CEMENT & CONCRETE COMPOSITES
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Agnieszka Krolicka, Anna Maj, Grzegorz Loj
Summary: This review provides an insight into the contemporary applications of Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) for depth profiling of materials with abrupt or continuous changes in elemental composition. The spectrum of materials discussed ranges from laboratory-synthesized model materials to real-world products, with a focus on the nuances of ablation conditions and resulting crater morphologies. The challenges of calibration and quantitative profiling using LIBS are also addressed, along with possible directions for the future evolution of LIBS applications.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Xiqiang Liu, Hui Zhang, Yunlong Liu
Summary: Experimental study was conducted to investigate the interaction between high La content hydrothermal solution and low REE content to reveal the influence of different salinities on the diffusion of rare earth elements in fluorapatite at 400 degrees C, 50 MPa and 4-16 wt %. Diffusion coefficients of La in fluorapatite ranged from 3.24 x 10(-15) to 5.88 x 10(-15) m(2)/s, showing that salinity of the fluid significantly impacts the diffusion coefficient.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Hong Liu, Lingling Wang, Shuchen Li, Yaochun Yang, Hua Tian, Fengxia Sun, Chaowen Xu, Lei Liu, Yi Li, Yueju Cui, Ying Li, Jijun Zhao
Summary: This study reports helium incorporation and diffusion mechanism in quartz and coesite, revealing anisotropic diffusion of helium in both minerals and increased activation energies under high pressure. Helium cannot be quantitatively retained in silica at typical Earth surface temperatures, which has implications for the discussion of mantle evolution and recognition of thermal histories of ultra-high pressure metamorphic terranes.
GEOSCIENCE FRONTIERS
(2021)
Article
Spectroscopy
P. A. Sdvizhenskii, V. N. Lednev, M. Ya Grishin, S. M. Pershin
Summary: The combination of nanosecond and microsecond laser pulses has been suggested for LIBS elemental profiling beyond 1 mm depth for metal coatings. The study compared deep laser ablation and LIBS measurements with different laser pulse temporal shapes, showing that coupled nano- and microsecond pulses can achieve deep crater formation (> 1.5 mm) and capture LIBS spectra with good signal-to-noise ratio.
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART B-ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY
(2021)
Article
Spectroscopy
Li Qiao, Ran He, Xuexi Zhang, Hong Zhang, Peng Wang
Summary: The diffusion of helium in materials was found to be beyond the prediction range of SRIM simulation. After calibration, the GD-OES measurements were in good agreement with the SRIM simulations. Overall, using helium-implanted standard samples combined with SRIM simulation was proven to be a reliable method to obtain GD-OES depth profiles.
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART B-ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY
(2021)
Article
Spectroscopy
Taisei Homma, Akiko Kumada, Takashi Fujii, Hiroya Homma, Yuji Oishi
Summary: This study used laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) to analyze the degradation of high-voltage silicone rubber composite insulators and found a decrease in silicones on the degraded surface. These results indicate that remote LIBS using the ratio of silicone to aluminum as an index is a promising method for the in-situ diagnostics of composite insulators.
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART B-ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Alyssa J. Anderson, John M. Hanchar, Kip Hodges, Matthijs C. van Soest
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Alyssa J. Anderson, Matthijs C. van Soest, Kip Hodges, John M. Hanchar
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2020)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Allen J. Schaen, Brian R. Jicha, Kip Hodges, Pieter Vermeesch, Mark E. Stelten, Cameron M. Mercer, David Phillips, Tiffany A. Rivera, Fred Jourdan, Erin L. Matchan, Sidney R. Hemming, Leah E. Morgan, Simon P. Kelley, William S. Cassata, Matt T. Heizler, Paulo M. Vasconcelos, Jeff A. Benowitz, Anthony A. P. Koppers, Darren F. Mark, Elizabeth M. Niespolo, Courtney J. Sprain, Willis E. Hames, Klaudia F. Kuiper, Brent D. Turrin, Paul R. Renne, Jake Ross, Sebastien Nomade, Herve Guillou, Laura E. Webb, Barbara A. Cohen, Andrew T. Calvert, Nancy Joyce, Morgan Ganerod, Jan Wijbrans, Osamu Ishizuka, Huaiyu He, Adan Ramirez, Jorg A. Pfander, Margarita Lopez-Martinez, Huaning Qiu, Brad S. Singer
Summary: The 40Ar/39Ar dating method is versatile and can provide precise age constraints for a wide range of materials, but age dispersion must be considered. The interpretation of dates depends on the geological problem being addressed and the assumptions associated with each data set, highlighting the need for collateral information to better constrain interpretation.
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
B. M. Spencer, J. R. Thigpen, R. D. Law, C. A. Mako, C. S. McDonald, K. V. Hodges, K. T. Ashley
Summary: New 40Ar/39Ar thermochronological and deformation temperature analyses in the Scandian orogenic retrowedge of northern Scotland demonstrate accelerated cooling during late syn- to post-orogenic exhumation of the high-grade orogenic core. The study suggests that the rapid exhumation in the orogenic core may have been partially enhanced by upper crustal extensional deformation.
JOURNAL OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Geology
Aaron J. Cavosie, Marc B. Biren, Kip Hodges, Jo-Anne Wartho, J. Wright Horton, Christian Koeberl
Summary: High-pressure minerals such as reidite provide important records of processes not typically preserved in Earth's crust. A study of a zircon grain from distal impact ejecta of the Chesapeake Bay impact event reveals a multistage history of reidite growth, shedding light on the microstructural evolution of high-pressure polymorphic transformation. The unique characteristics of dendritic reidite in this study may serve as a distinct indicator of distal ejecta.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Kevin P. Furlong, Eric Kirby
Summary: The utilization of thermal-chronological data helps to constrain mountain building processes by studying the links among rock uplift, exhumation, and cooling. It is found that in active orogenic systems with high exhumation rates, the thermal history becomes complex and simple assumptions of cooling through a constant geotherm may bias interpretations. These effects become amplified as exhumation rates increase, highlighting the need for more detailed studies in these regions.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2021)
Correction
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Kevin P. Furlong, Eric Kirby, C. Gabriel Creason, Peter J. J. Kamp, Ganqing Xu, Martin Danisik, Xuhua Shi, Kip V. Hodges
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
EmilyE. Zawacki, Matthijs C. van soest, Kip V. Hodges, Jennifer J. Scott, Melanie Barboni, Manfred R. Strecker, Craig S. Feibel, Christopher J. Campisano, J. Ramon Arrowsmith
Summary: Detrital zircons from two major rift basins in the East African Rift System are analyzed to understand sediment provenance, landscape dynamics, and the volcanic evolution of the rift system. The results show that the sediments mainly come from silicic volcanic rocks, and the zircon ages correspond to the timing of rift activity. The discrepancy between (U-Th)/He and U/Pb ages of zircons may be related to late volcanic and/or hydrothermal activity.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Ingrid A. Ukstins, Jo-Anne Wartho, Nathalie A. Cabrol, Edmond A. Grin, Matthijs C. van Soest, Marc B. Biren, Kip Hodges, Guillermo Chong
Summary: Single-crystal (U-Th)/He dating of 32 apatite and zircon crystals from an impact breccia in the Monturaqui impact structure in Chile yielded a weighted mean age of 663 +/- 28 ka. Numerical modeling showed that even in small craters like Monturaqui, the short-lived compressional stage and shock metamorphic stage can explain the observed partial to full resetting of (U-Th)/He ages in accessory minerals.
QUATERNARY GEOCHRONOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Brandon M. Spencer, J. Ryan Thigpen, Sean F. Gallen, Jason M. Dortch, Kip Hodges, Richard D. Law, Calvin A. Mako
Summary: The study used finite-difference models to test the rapid erosion magnitude during denudation of the Scandian orogenic wedge in northern Scotland, finding that erosion alone is insufficient to explain the observed exhumation history. The presence of a transient geothermal gradient may have distorted previous erosion estimates.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
J. A. Cartwright, K. V. Hodges, M. Wadhwa
Summary: Impact events on planetary surfaces can leave significant volumes of melt, which provide important information regarding the timing and nature of these events. This study investigates the impact history of two unpaired howardite meteorites and reveals a complex impact history for (4)Vesta, challenging the current models based on the Late Heavy Bombardment hypothesis.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Yuan-Hsi Lee, Timothy B. Byrne, Wei Lo, Shao-Jyun Wang, Shuh-Jong Tsao, Cheng-Hong Chen, Han-Cheng Yu, Xinbin Tan, Matthijs van Soest, Kip Hodges, Lucas Mesalles, Holden Robinson, Julie C. Fosdick
Summary: The Taiwan orogenic belt is a result of convergence between the Philippine Sea plate and Eurasia plate. This study provides evidence for a significant out-of-sequence thrust in the core of the Taiwan orogen through the integration of thermochronology and seismic tomography. The research reveals a phase of slow exhumation rate followed by a phase of rapid exhumation rate in the past 8 million years in Taiwan.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Alexandra E. Pye, Kip V. Hodges, C. Brenhin Keller, Richard D. Law, Matthijs C. van Soest, Basant Bhandari, Christopher S. McDonald
Summary: The South Tibetan detachment system, particularly the Annapurna detachment in central Nepal, is an important feature in the Himalayan orogen. This new study reveals that the Annapurna detachment has been active, at least episodically, from at least 22.76 +/- 0.30 to 14.95 +/- 0.78 million years ago. This challenges previous assumptions about the timing of slip on the South Tibetan detachment system and raises questions about the geodynamic transition in the central Himalaya.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
K. Hodges, K. X. Whipple
Summary: Understanding the relationship between tectonic deformation and exhumation in the Himalayas, especially at the ends of the chain, remains incomplete.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Jiyuan Yin, Yannan Wang, K. V. Hodges, Wenjiao Xiao, Stuart N. Thomson, Wen Chen, Chao Yuan, Min Sun, Keda Cai, Jingbo Sun
Summary: New thermochronological data from the Chinese Western Tianshan region reveal three distinctive phases of rapid cooling, corresponding to late Carboniferous-early Permian, Late Triassic-Early Jurassic, and Cretaceous. These cooling events are associated with subduction/closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean, strike-slip deformation, and Mesozoic rotation of the Junggar basin. The southern section of the Tianshan experienced more uplift and exhumation compared to the northern section.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Xinze Lu, Geoffrey J. Gilleaudeau, Brian Kendall
Summary: The Late Ordovician mass extinction is the first major extinction event in the Phanerozoic, but the reasons for the decline in global biodiversity before the extinction are not well understood.
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2024)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Junyao Kang, Daniel D. Gregory, Benjamin Gill, Shiqiang Huang, Changxin Lai, Zhaoshan Chang, Huan Cui, Ivan Belousov, Shuhai Xiao
Summary: Sedimentary pyrite is an important geological archive, but it can be altered by diagenetic and hydrothermal processes. This study successfully trained machine learning algorithms to distinguish pyrite origins using trace element data. The approach was validated and applied to identify the origins of pyrite in two sedimentary successions in South China.
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2024)
