Article
Geography, Physical
Dennis M. Njagi, Joyanto Routh, Daniel Olago, Kasun Gayantha
Summary: The multi-proxy records from the Kapsabet peat deposit in western Kenya provide insights into late Holocene climate changes and vegetation evolution, with distinct stages of climatic conditions and their impacts revealed through various proxies.
PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
Hanno Meyer, Svetlana S. Kostrova, Philip Meister, Marlene M. Lenz, Gerhard Kuhn, Larisa Nazarova, Liudmila S. Syrykh, Yury Dvornikov
Summary: The diatom oxygen isotope composition from Lake Bolshoye Shchuchye in Arctic Russia is analyzed to understand the hydrological and climate dynamics. The study reveals that the diatom oxygen isotope record is associated with changes in summer insolation and Northern Hemisphere temperature. Short-term variations in the record are attributed to variations in snow melt and influx. This is the first study to identify such drastic centennial-scale hydrological changes in Holocene diatom oxygen isotopes.
QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2022)
Review
Geography, Physical
Mariana Samor Lopes, Orangel Aguilera, Cassiano Monteiro-Neto, Nathan R. Miller, Maria Dulce Gaspar, Marcus Rodrigues da Costa
Summary: This study used laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry to investigate the growth patterns of Micropogonias furnieri otoliths from southeastern Brazil. Comparison of archaeological and modern otoliths revealed a shift from freshwater/brackish to brackish/marine environments in M. furnieri off southeastern Brazil. The analysis also suggested that both modern and archaeological M. furnieri are estuarine fish that utilize marine waters adjacent to the coastal zone.
Article
Archaeology
Joel Mason, Elaine Lin, Elle Grono, Tim Denham
Summary: This article discusses the use of QEMSCAN (R) in evaluating clay minerals in early agricultural contexts at Kuk Swamp, Papua New Guinea. It demonstrates how QEMSCAN (R) can provide valuable information on the origin and post depositional transformation of clay minerals, as well as their associations with biogenic sediments. The results suggest that QEMSCAN (R) is a useful tool for understanding clay-rich stratigraphy in wet tropical environments.
JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE-REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Larissa Schneider, Niamh Shulmeister, Michela Mariani, Kristen K. Beck, Michael-Shawn Fletcher, Atun Zawadzki, Krystyna M. Saunders, Marco A. Aquino-Lopez, Simon G. Haberle
Summary: Mining has been a significant economic contributor to Australia since the late 17th century, with little consideration for long-term environmental consequences. A study in western Tasmania revealed metal pollution legacy from British colonialism, where large-scale open-cut operations in the 1930s led to severe environmental damage.
ANTHROPOCENE REVIEW
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Haidee Cadd, Lynda Petherick, Jonathan Tyler, Annika Herbert, Tim J. Cohen, Kale Sniderman, Timothy T. Barrows, Reka H. Fulop, Jasper Knight, A. Peter Kershaw, Eric A. Colhoun, Mathew R. P. Harris
Summary: The study demonstrates spatial and temporal variability in climate change during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) in Australia, affecting biological productivity. Cooler climates led to decreased productivity, while warmer climates increased productivity. The period is characterized as a prolonged cooling phase with low vegetation productivity due to reduced temperatures, moisture availability, and atmospheric CO2 levels.
QUATERNARY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Liz Milla, Kale Sniderman, Rose Lines, Mahsa Mousavi-Derazmahalleh, Francisco Encinas-Viso
Summary: Accurate identification of botanical components in honey using DNA metabarcoding can establish its geographical origin and provide insights into honeybee diet. Our study used the trnL P6 loop and ITS2 markers to identify plant species in honey samples from different Australian regions, revealing Eucalyptus as a dominant floral source and distinct floral compositions in eastern and western honeys. This method offers a powerful tool for detecting honey provenance and studying honeybee foraging preferences.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Review
Plant Sciences
Ilaria M. Grimaldi, Tinde R. Van Andel, Tim P. Denham
Summary: Research has shown that a Malaysian complex of crops was introduced to Africa in ancient times through the Indian Ocean, but not all at once or along the same route. Instead, these crops arrived in Africa at different times and followed different pathways of introduction to the continent.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Environmental Sciences
Andrew D. King, J. M. Kale Sniderman, Andrea J. Dittus, Josephine R. Brown, Ed Hawkins, Tilo Ziehn
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Lynda M. Petherick, Jasper Knight, James Shulmeister, Helen Bostock, Andrew Lorrey, Jennifer Fitchett, Shaun Eaves, Marcus J. Vandergoes, Timothy T. Barrows, David J. A. Barrell, Peter N. Eze, Paul Hesse, Ignacio A. Jara, Stephanie Mills, Rewi Newnham, Joel Pedro, Matt Ryan, Krystyna M. Saunders, Duanne White, Maisa Rojas, Chris Turney
Summary: Proxy records indicate significant variability in climatic and environmental conditions across the Southern Hemisphere prior to the global last glacial maximum. This complexity suggests a different development pattern in the Southern Hemisphere compared to the North. Temperature and precipitation patterns show that local factors played a significant role in driving moisture availability.
EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2022)
Review
Biodiversity Conservation
Jan M. Strugnell, Helen McGregor, Nerida G. Wilson, Karina T. Meredith, Steven L. Chown, Sally C. Y. Lau, Sharon A. Robinson, Krystyna M. Saunders
Summary: Anthropogenic climate change is causing observable changes in Antarctica and the Southern Ocean, impacting local ecosystems and the Earth's climate system. Understanding Antarctica's paleoecosystems and past climate change helps constrain future projections. Biological archives provide valuable information about past ecological change and help constrain current models.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Andrew D. King, Jacqueline Peel, Tilo Ziehn, Kathryn J. Bowen, Harry L. O. McClelland, Celia McMichael, Zebedee R. J. Nicholls, J. M. Kale Sniderman
Summary: Even after achieving net-zero emissions, the impact of current greenhouse gas emissions on climate will persist. It is crucial to understand and prepare for a cooling planet.
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Karina T. Meredith, Krystyna M. Saunders, Liza K. McDonough, Melodie McGeoch
Summary: This study presents the first comprehensive hydrochemical and isotopic survey of lakes on a Southern Ocean Island (SOI). Groundwater is found to play a significant role in lake hydrology and hydrochemistry. Lakes at higher elevations are more dilute, while those at lower elevations contain more terrestrial sourced ions possibly contributed from groundwater. The findings have implications for understanding future changes in nutrient cycles and the impact on the island's unique ecosystems.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Anthropology
Elle Grono, Philip J. Piper, Dang Ngoc Kinh, Peter Bellwood, Tim Denham, David E. Friesem
Summary: This article reports on the investigation of the Loc Giang site in southern Vietnam, where new evidence for settlement was found. Microarchaeological analysis revealed that carefully prepared lime mortar floors, likely produced from burnt shell, date back to 3510-3150 cal BP, providing the earliest-known evidence for the use of lime mortar and durable settlement construction in this region.
Article
Archaeology
Lauren Prossor, Tim Denham, Frank Brink, Ulrike Troitzsch, Nicola Stern
Summary: This study utilized microstratigraphy to investigate hearths exposed on the eroding surface of Lake Mungo lunette. The study identified different sediments and activities associated with the hearths, and assessed the impact of deposition and post-depositional processes on their preservation.
JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE-REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Paleontology
Joshua M. White, Aleese Barron, Matthew R. McCurry, Tim Denham
Summary: The holotype of Umoonasaurus demoscyllus is a highly complete plesiosaur skeleton found in Australia, which includes a well-preserved gastric mass that has not been studied extensively. Using high resolution micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), we were able to image the gut contents of this specimen. The gut contents consist of 17 vertebrae from an unidentified teleost, as well as over 60 rounded gastroliths. This study demonstrates the potential of 3D tomographic imaging in investigating the diets and ecology of Mesozoic marine reptiles.
Article
Geography, Physical
Kristen K. Beck, Michael-Shawn Fletcher, Brent B. Wolfe, Krystyna M. Saunders
Summary: The 2019/2020 southeast Australian fires posed a significant threat to the endemic vegetation groups, especially the Tasmanian montane rainforest. However, little is known about the impacts of fire and decline in montane rainforest on aquatic ecosystems in the region. This study investigates the effects of repeat fires and decline in montane rainforest species on the aquatic ecosystem of Lake Osborne, Tasmania, Australia over a period of 6500 years using a palaeoecological approach. The results suggest that fire disturbance leads to the decline of montane rainforest, increased erosion, and higher aquatic productivity and conductivity.
GLOBAL AND PLANETARY CHANGE
(2023)
Letter
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Krystyna M. Saunders, Karina T. Meredith
Article
Environmental Sciences
Rieneke Weij, Jon D. Woodhead, J. M. Kale Sniderman, John C. Hellstrom, Elizabeth Reed, Steven Bourne, Russell N. Drysdale, Timothy J. Pollard
Summary: This study investigates the Naracoorte Cave Complex in Australia using dating techniques and analyses of charcoal and pollen. The results show that the caves began forming 1.34 million years ago and opened to the atmosphere 600,000 years ago, providing an upper limit on the accumulation of fossils.
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2022)