Article
Microbiology
Abigail Gerberick, Diana C. DeLucia, Paolo Piazza, Mounia Alaoui-El-Azher, Charles R. Rinaldo, Nicolas Sluis-Cremer, Giovanna Rappocciolo
Summary: The research found that B lymphocytes have the unique ability to efficiently trans infect T-N in vitro, and T-N isolated from nonprogressors (NP) harbor significantly lower levels of HIV-1 DNA, indicating that B cell-mediated trans infection of T-N with HIV-1 plays a more profound role than previously considered in establishing the viral reservoir and controlling HIV-1 disease progression.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mathieu Claireaux, Remy Robinot, Jerome Kervevan, Mandar Patgaonkar, Isabelle Staropoli, Anne Brelot, Alexandre Nouel, Stacy Gellenoncourt, Xian Tang, Melanie Hery, Stevenn Volant, Emeline Perthame, Veronique Avettand-Fenoel, Julian Buchrieser, Thomas Cokelaer, Christiane Bouchier, Laurence Ma, Faroudy Boufassa, Samia Hendou, Valentina Libri, Milena Hasan, David Zucman, Pierre de Truchis, Olivier Schwartz, Olivier Lambotte, Lisa A. Chakrabarti
Summary: Individuals who can naturally control HIV infection have lower levels of the viral co-receptor CCR5 in specific CD4 (+) T cells, which is due to mutations or receptor internalization. These individuals also maintain CD4 + T cells with high avidity for Gag antigens and potent effector functions. The downregulation of CCR5 in specific CD4 + T cells contributes to decreased susceptibility to CCR5-dependent HIV entry in these individuals.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Weiming Wang, Khanghy Truong, Chaobaihui Ye, Suman Sharma, Huan He, Lihong Liu, Michael Wen, Anisha Misra, Paul Zhou, Jason T. Kimata
Summary: In this study, GPI-scFv X5 was found to block cell-cell transmission of HIV-1 from DCs to target cells and neutralize HIV-1 replication in iDCs, suggesting its potential as an immunotherapeutic strategy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Gaurav Kumar, Jacqueline Cottalorda-Dufayard, Rodolphe Garraffo, Francine De Salvador-Guillouet, Eric Cua, Pierre-Marie Roger
Summary: The study suggests that Raltegravir (RLT) treatment can decrease viral load and promote immune reconstitution in HIV patients, particularly for CD4 T-cells.
Article
Immunology
Xiao-Peng Dai, Feng-Ying Wu, Cheng Cui, Xue-Jiao Liao, Yan-Mei Jiao, Chao Zhang, Jin-Wen Song, Xing Fan, Ji-Yuan Zhang, Qing He, Fu-Sheng Wang
Summary: Platelet-T cell aggregates play a critical role in maintaining inflammation in chronic HIV-1 infection. The formation of platelet-CD4(+) T cell aggregates was increased in treatment-naive HIV-1-infected individuals compared to healthy controls. Higher levels of these aggregates were associated with HIV-1 permissiveness and immune activation during HIV-1 infection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Jarrod York, Kavitha Gowrishankar, Kenneth Micklethwaite, Sarah Palmer, Anthony L. Cunningham, Najla Nasr
Summary: Despite the effectiveness of ART in reducing morbidity and mortality associated with HIV infection, the latent HIV reservoir remains a major barrier to immune clearance and HIV cure. CAR T cell therapies, involving genetically engineered T cells, offer promising potential in targeting HIV-infected cells and have shown efficacy, safety, and long-term persistence in peripheral blood.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Jinfeng Cai, Hongbo Gao, Jiacong Zhao, Shujing Hu, Xinyu Liang, Yanyan Yang, Zhuanglin Dai, Zhongsi Hong, Kai Deng
Summary: The research successfully established a highly physiologically relevant HIV-1 latency model by using a newly designed dual fluorescent reporter virus DFV-B, which can directly label latently infected cells and identified ACY-1215 as a potent latency reversing agent through high-throughput screening. This model provides a valuable tool to study critical events of HIV-1 latency and explore potential functional cures for AIDS.
Article
Biology
Ryan Zander, Achia Khatun, Moujtaba Y. Kasmani, Yao Chen, Weiguo Cui
Summary: Recent evidence reveals the complex developmental relationships between different subsets of CD4(+) T cells responding to chronic viral infection. Single-cell RNA sequencing and T cell receptor sequencing were performed on virus-specific CD4(+) T cells isolated from mice infected with chronic lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection. The study identifies unique transcriptional states among various CD4(+) T cell subsets and suggests the potential impact of T cell receptor usage on CD4(+) T cell development during chronic infection.
Article
Cell Biology
Mihaela Zlei, Igor A. Sidorov, Simone A. Joosten, Mirjam H. M. Heemskerk, Sebenzile K. Myeni, Cilia R. Pothast, Caroline S. de Brouwer, A. Linda Boomaars-van der Zanden, Krista E. van Meijgaarden, Shessy T. Morales, Els Wessels, Jacqueline J. Janse, Jelle J. Goeman, Christa M. Cobbaert, Aloys C. M. Kroes, Suzanne C. Cannegieter, Meta Roestenberg, Leonardus G. Visser, Marjolein Kikkert, Mariet C. W. Feltkamp, Sesmu M. Arbous, Frank J. T. Staal, Tom H. M. Ottenhoff, Jacques J. M. van Dongen, Anna H. E. Roukens, Jutte J. C. de Vries
Summary: This study highlights the importance of immune responses in determining disease severity and viral clearance after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Delayed viral clearance is associated with more severe disease, higher levels of neutralising antibodies, and ongoing immune activation. Early viral clearance and less critical illness are correlated with peak neutralising antibodies, higher levels of CD4 T cells, and particularly naive CD4+ T cells, suggesting their role in early control of the virus.
Article
Virology
Steven A. Yukl, Shahzada Khan, Tsui-Hua Chen, Martin Trapecar, Frank Wu, Guorui Xie, Sushama Telwatte, Daniel Fulop, Alexander R. Pico, Gregory M. Laird, Kristen D. Ritter, Norman G. Jones, Chuanyi M. Lu, Robert F. Siliciano, Nadia R. Roan, Jeffrey M. Milush, Ma Somsouk, Steven G. Deeks, Peter W. Hunt, Shomyseh Sanjabi
Summary: This study found that circulating CD103(+) CD4 T cells are enriched for cells in a latent-like state of HIV infection, with a gene expression profile closer to gut CD4 T cells. Some of the genes expressed in these cells are associated with HIV expression and could contribute to latent HIV infection in the gut, suggesting potential new targets for HIV cure therapies.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Amelie Cachot, Mariia Bilous, Yen-Cheng Liu, Xiaokang Li, Margaux Saillard, Mara Cenerenti, Georg Alexander Rockinger, Tania Wyss, Philippe Guillaume, Julien Schmidt, Raphael Genolet, Giuseppe Ercolano, Maria Pia Protti, Walter Reith, Kalliopi Ioannidou, Laurence de Leval, Joseph A. Trapani, George Coukos, Alexandre Harari, Daniel E. Speiser, Alexander Mathis, David Gfeller, Hatice Altug, Pedro Romero, Camilla Jandus
Summary: CD4 T cells displaying cytotoxic phenotypes were identified in different human cancers through mining single-cell RNA-seq datasets. Ex vivo confirmation of the cytolytic tumor-specific CD4 T cells was achieved using peptide-MHCII-multimer technology. The cytotoxic activity of these cells, partially dependent on SLAMF7, was demonstrated to have delayed kinetics compared to classical cytotoxic lymphocytes, and agonistic engagement of SLAMF7 enhanced their cytotoxicity, indicating potential synergy with other cancer immunotherapies.
Article
Immunology
Xiaofan Yang, Ting Huang, Tiantian Wang, Hongbo Gao, Haitao Zhang, Wen Peng, Jiacong Zhao, Shujing Hu, Panpan Lu, Zhongsi Hong, Bo Li, Kai Deng
Summary: This study demonstrates the critical role of MAT2A-mediated one-carbon metabolism in regulating HIV-1 latency. Knockout of MAT2A enhances the reactivation of latent HIV-1 by reducing DNA and histone methylation. Plasma SAM levels are positively correlated with HIV-1 DNA in PBMCs from ART-treated infected individuals, suggesting SAM could serve as a potential biomarker for the latent viral reservoir.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yashavanth S. Lakshmanappa, Jamin W. Roh, Niharika N. Rane, Ashok R. Dinasarapu, Daphne D. Tran, Vijayakumar Velu, Anandi N. Sheth, Igho Ofotokun, Rama R. Amara, Colleen F. Kelley, Elaine Waetjen, Smita S. Iyer
Summary: The study found that HIV preferentially infects alpha(4)beta(+)(7) CD4 T cells and enriches genes regulating cell cycle progression and cellular metabolism in the blood. Unlike their blood counterparts, rectal alpha(4)beta(+)(7) CD4 T cells exhibit a core tissue-residency gene expression program.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ke Xiao, Dan Xiong, Gong Chen, Jinsong Yu, Yue Li, Kening Chen, Lu Zhang, Yangyang Xu, Qian Xu, Xi Huang, Anran Gao, Kai Cao, Keji Yan, Jinxia Dai, Xueying Hu, Yijun Ruan, Zhenfang Fu, Guoliang Li, Gang Cao
Summary: This study demonstrates a genome-wide trans-species chromatin interaction between pseudorabies virus (PRV) and host cells, where the viral genome is delivered into the open and active chromatin zone by the host DNA binding protein RUNX1. This facilitates viral gene transcription by hijacking host transcription machinery, a process significantly inhibited by either a RUNX1 inhibitor or RNA interference. These findings provide insights into herpesvirus genome transcription and suggest new research directions in this area.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yik Lim Kok, Valentina Vongrad, Sandra E. Chaudron, Mohaned Shilaih, Christine Leemann, Kathrin Neumann, Katharina Kusejko, Francesca Di Giallonardo, Herbert Kuster, Dominique L. Braun, Roger D. Kouyos, Huldrych F. Gunthard, Karin J. Metzner
Summary: Characteristics of HIV-1 integration sites are established as early as during primary infection and are found in both resting and activated CD4(+) T cells. HIV-1 integration sites preferentially occur in specific genes and highly expressed genes, regardless of the activation state of CD4(+) T cells. The preference for cancer-related genes is more prominent at later stages of HIV-1 infection.