Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Shakila H. Peli Thanthri, Thomas H. Linz
Summary: This report presents a microfluidic thermal gel transient isotachophoresis (TG-tITP) method for rapid and high-resolution separation of native proteins. By utilizing the viscosity response of thermal gels and temperature gradients, this method achieves a wide mass range separation with 15,000-fold less protein loading and five-fold faster analysis times.
ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Masataka Nakagawa, Yui Tomioka, Chiaki Sakuma, Yasunori Kurosawa, Takashi Shibata, Tsutomu Arakawa, Teruo Akuta
Summary: A new protocol for conducting two-dimensional (2D) electrophoresis was developed by combining agarose native gel electrophoresis with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) or flat SDS agarose gel electrophoresis. The technique utilizes His/MES buffer during the first-dimensional agarose native gel electrophoresis to visualize basic and acidic proteins in their native states or complex structures. The gel strip from the first-dimensional agarose gel electrophoresis is soaked in SDS and placed on top of vertical SDS-PAGE gels or flat SDS-MetaPhor high-resolution agarose gels for the second-dimensional separation.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Rijul Bhimwal, Richard R. Rustandi, Anne Payne, Mohamed Dawod
Summary: This review highlights the noteworthy advancements in capillary gel electrophoresis for protein separation and analysis from 2015 to 2021. It provides an overview of the technique's historical perspective, principles, challenges, and limitations, and discusses the advancements made to overcome these issues and expand our understanding of the method. The review also presents applications of capillary gel electrophoresis and future directions for the technique.
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Hiroyuki Ohshima
Summary: This study develops a general theory for the time-dependent transient electrophoresis of a weakly charged spherical colloidal particle in a polymer gel medium. The Laplace transform of the transient electrophoretic mobility is derived by considering the hydrodynamic interaction between the particle and the gel medium based on the Brinkman-Debye-Bueche model. The theory covers both transient gel electrophoresis and transient free-solution electrophoresis, with the relaxation time for the former being shorter and decreasing as the Brinkman screening length decreases.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Isabelle Carolina Oliveira, Iuri Emmanuel de Paula Ferreira, Federico Casanova, Angelo Luiz Fazani Cavallieri, Luis Gustavo Lima Nascimento, Antonio Fernandes de Carvalho, Naaman Francisco Nogueira Silva
Summary: The present study focuses on the colloidal and acid gelling properties of mixed suspensions of pea and milk proteins. Results show that mixed suspensions have higher pH, viscosity, and percentage of sedimentable material compared to milk samples. Heat and ethanol stabilities are reduced with an increase in total protein concentration. The presence of pea proteins accelerates acid gel formation but weakens the final structure of the gels.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jie Liang, William G. G. Tong
Summary: The carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) serves as a commonly used biomarker for diagnosing pancreatic cancer. Multiphoton nonlinear laser wave-mixing spectroscopy is proposed as an extremely sensitive detection method for CA 19-9. This method allows for the detection of CA 19-9 without labels or with labeled samples, offering advantages such as short optical path length and high spatial resolution. The wave-mixing signal exhibits a quadratic dependence on sample concentration, making it an ideal sensor for monitoring small changes in the sample. When combined with capillary electrophoresis, laser wave-mixing spectroscopy provides enhanced selectivity levels for protein detection, surpassing the detection limits of chemiluminescence- or ELISA-based methods.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Marton Szigeti, Agnes Meszaros-Matwiejuk, Dora Molnar-Gabor, Andras Guttman
Summary: Industrial production of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) is gaining increasing attention, with challenges in analysis overcome by capillary gel electrophoresis. Commercially available gel compositions were successful in analyzing a mixture of synthetic HMOs and demonstrated feasibility in real-time process control examples.
ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Jorge Cebrian, Victor Martinez, Pablo Hernandez, Dora B. Krimer, Maria-Jose Fernandez-Nestosa, Jorge B. Schvartzman
Summary: The study utilized two-dimensional agarose gel electrophoresis to investigate the efficiency of three type II DNA topoisomerases on partially replicated bacterial plasmids. The results revealed the preferential functions and some redundancy, shedding light on their abilities to resolve supercoiling and pre-catenanes in vitro.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ruben Agregan, Noemi Echegaray, Maria Lopez-Pedrouso, Radwan Kharabsheh, Daniel Franco, Jose M. Lorenzo
Summary: Proteomics has made significant advances in the field of medicine and has applications in other scientific areas, such as the study of milk. Milk proteomics can help characterize milk samples and products in detail, with significant applications in industry for quality control and improvement.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Larissa Di Marzo, Joice Pranata, David M. Barbano
Summary: The study compared the estimation of milk casein percentage using SDS-PAGE and Kjeldahl methods, finding that Kjeldahl underestimated the proteolytic damage to casein in milk.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Songqi Liu, Wenjin Guo, Yuxi Jia, Bojian Ye, Shu Liu, Shoupeng Fu, Juxiong Liu, Guiqiu Hu
Summary: Menthol has been found to alleviate the inflammatory response in BMECs by activating the AMPK/ULK1/Nrf-2/autophagy pathway, and inhibit the expression of inflammatory factors induced by lipopolysaccharide.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Youli Tian, Yiren Cao, Genhan Zha, Ke-Er Chen, Muhammad Idrees Khan, Jicun Ren, Weiwen Liu, Yuxing Wang, Qiang Zhang, Chengxi Cao
Summary: This study proposes a marker-free isoelectric focusing method that uses a convolutional neural network model to efficiently and accurately classify isoelectric focusing patterns. A dataset of 1449 isoelectric focusing patterns was collected and experimental pH gradient drift was introduced to enhance the model's robustness. With simple preprocessing, rapid inference speed (only 50 ms), and a high accuracy of 97.1%, the CNN model outperformed traditional algorithms in simultaneously identifying meat species and cuts, indicating its great potential for large-scale isoelectric focusing analyses of complex protein samples when combined with microstrip isoelectric focusing.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ozgur Tarhan, Ahmet Kaya
Summary: Various treatments during dairy processing significantly affect the composition and molecular structure of cow milk proteins, leading to modifications in the final dairy product properties. Techniques like electrophoresis, chromatography, and spectroscopy can successfully indicate differences in protein content, showing changes induced by heating, culture/enzyme activity, and other treatments. The conformational changes observed, such as loss of alpha-helices and exposure of beta-strands, suggest that processing treatments like pasteurization, curdling, salting, and ripening alter the content and structure of cow milk proteins, affecting their functionality in the final cheese product.
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Laszlo Hajba, Sunkyung Jeong, Doo Soo Chung, Andras Guttman
Summary: This review provides an overview of the fundamental principles, methodologies, strengths, and weaknesses of capillary gel electrophoresis of proteins. It covers the historical background, new developments, and applications in biopharmaceutical, biomedical, food, and agriculture fields. Different subsets of the method and relevant protein labeling techniques are critically discussed.
TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ramunas Antanaitis, Vida Juozaitiene, Vesta Jonike, Walter Baumgartner, Algimantas Paulauskas
Summary: The study found a direct correlation between lactose concentration and the presence of subclinical mastitis pathogens, suggesting lactose could be used as a diagnostic method. Subclinical mastitis has a negative impact on milk production and quality in dairy herds, highlighting the need for improved diagnostic tools to control its distribution.