Journal
GENE THERAPY
Volume 19, Issue 1, Pages 34-48Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/gt.2011.73
Keywords
IFN-alpha; gene transfer; hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; IL-6; regulatory T cells
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Funding
- Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan
- National Institute of Biomedical Innovation (NIBIO)
- Kobayashi Foundation for Cancer Research
- Foundation for Promotion of Cancer Research
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [21115008, 23590384, 22590372] Funding Source: KAKEN
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T cells recognize tumor-associated antigens under the condition of lymphopenia-induced homeostatic proliferation (HP); however, HP-driven antitumor responses gradually decay in association with tumor growth. Type I interferon (IFN) has important roles in regulating the innate and adaptive immune system. In this study we examined whether a tumor-specific immune response induced by IFN-alpha could enhance and sustain HP-induced antitumor immunity. An intratumoral IFN-alpha gene transfer resulted in marked tumor suppression when administered in the early period of syngeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (synHSCT), and was evident even in distant tumors that were not transduced with the IFN-alpha vector. The intratumoral delivery of the IFN-alpha gene promoted the maturation of CD11c(+) cells in the tumors and effectively augmented the antigen-presentation capacity of the cells. An analysis of the cytokine profile showed that the CD11c(+) cells in the treated tumors secreted a large amount of immune-stimulatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-6. The CD11c(+) cells rescued effector T-cell proliferation from regulatory T-cell-mediated suppression, and IL-6 may have a dominant role in this phenomenon. The intratumoral IFN-alpha gene transfer creates an environment strongly supporting the enhancement of antitumor immunity in reconstituted lymphopenic recipients through the induction of tumor-specific immunity and suppression of immunotolerance. Gene Therapy (2012) 19, 34-48; doi:10.1038/gt.2011.73; published online 26 May 2011
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