Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Juan Manuel Martinez-Alejo, Leopoldo Martin Baiza-Duran, Juan de Dios Quintana-Hau
Summary: This article describes the mechanisms of action of current ocular antiangiogenic therapies for proliferative retinopathies. These include novel anti-VEGF systems, molecules targeting non-VEGF pathways, and gene therapies. While anti-VEGF therapies are the most studied approach, non-VEGF pathway targeting therapies are highlighted as potential options for nonresponsive patients. Gene therapy shows promise but requires further evaluation of safety and efficacy.
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN CHRONIC DISEASE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
S. Mohana Devi, I Mahalaxmi, J. Kaavya, V Chinnkulandhai, V Balachandar
Summary: This article discusses the roles of DNA methylation and histone modification in age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy. It emphasizes the importance of improving therapeutics to enhance patient quality of life and reduce the burden of these potentially blinding conditions.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Matteo Stravalaci, Mariantonia Ferrara, Varun Pathak, Francesca Davi, Barbara Bottazzi, Alberto Mantovani, Reinhold J. Medina, Mario R. Romano, Antonio Inforzato
Summary: Age related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) are neurodegenerative and inflammatory diseases of the eye. Both diseases involve cellular components of the blood-retina barrier (BRB) and share common drivers, such as chronic inflammation. Long pentraxin 3 (PTX3), a soluble pattern recognition molecule, is emerging as a potential therapeutic target in retinal diseases, as it plays a role in trapping complement and modulating inflammation at the BRB.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Yongpeng Zhang, Yaxing Wang, Jinqiong Zhou, Qian Wang, Yanni Yan, Xuan Yang, Jingyan Yang, Wenjia Zhou, Ping Wang, Chang Shen, Ming Yang, Yanan Luan, Jinyuan Wang, Shouling Wu, Shuohua Chen, Haiwei Wang, Lijian Fang, Qianqian Wan, Jingyuan Zhu, Zihan Nie, Yuning Chen, Ying Xie, Jost B. Jonas, Wenbin Wei
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) and found that DR is an independent risk factor for dry AMD. The study highlights the importance of controlling diabetes and slowing down the development of DR to reduce the prevalence of AMD in diabetic patients.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Sungsoon Hwang, Se Woong Kang, Sang Jin Kim, Kyu Na Lee, Kyungdo Han, Dong Hui Lim
Summary: This nationwide cohort study aimed to investigate the risk factors for exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in individuals with diabetes. The study analyzed authorized clinical data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service, involving over 1.7 million participants. Data on various factors including duration of diabetes, insulin usage, and presence of vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy were collected, and the association with incident exudative AMD was assessed using a multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazard model.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Assaf Hilely, Adrian Au, K. Bailey Freund, Anat Loewenstein, Eric H. Souied, Dinah Zur, Riccardo Sacconi, Enrico Borrelli, Enrico Peiretti, Claudio Iovino, Yoshimi Sugiura, Abdallah A. Ellabban, Jordi Mones, Nadia K. Waheed, Sengul Ozdek, Duygu Yalinbas, Sarah Thiele, Luisa Salles de Moura Mendonca, Mee Yon Lee, Won Ki Lee, Pierre Turcotte, Vittorio Capuano, Meryem Filali Ansary, Usha Chakravarthy, Albrecht Lommatzsch, Frederic Gunnemann, Daniel Pauleikhoff, Michael S. Ip, Giuseppe Querques, Frank G. Holz, Richard F. Spaide, SriniVas Sadda, David Sarraf
Summary: This study evaluated the patterns of subretinal fluid in eyes with non-neovascular AMD and found that SRF may be a result of RPE decompensation and RPE pump failure.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lorenzo Ferro Desideri, Carlo Enrico Traverso, Massimo Nicolo, Marion R. Munk
Summary: Intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs have become the first-line treatment for macular exudative diseases, but they still have limitations. Faricimab, a bispecific antibody targeting both VEGF-A and the angiopoietin/Tie pathway, has shown potential in maintaining clinical efficacy with a longer treatment regimen and a good safety profile based on phase III trials for wet age-related macular degeneration and diabetic macular edema.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Aira Sarkar, Sathish Dyawanapelly
Summary: AMD, the third leading cause of worldwide blindness that causes permanent central vision impairment in older people, has seen significant progress in diagnosis and therapy in recent years. Current diagnostic and therapeutic strategies are clinically limited, and intravitreal injection therapy has its shortcomings, leading to the investigation of engineered nanoformulations for managing AMD.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Steven Droho, Andrew P. Voigt, Jacob K. Sterling, Amrita Rajesh, Kyle S. Chan, Carla M. Cuda, Harris Perlman, Jeremy A. Lavine
Summary: The study suggests that non-classical monocytes may be dispensable during CNV, and NR4A1 deficiency results in an increase in pro-angiogenic macrophages.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Hanna Helotera, Kai Kaarniranta
Summary: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of visual impairment in the aging population. It is classified into dry and neovascular forms, with neovascular AMD being associated with angiogenesis and inflammatory regulators.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mayank Choubey, Puran Bora
Summary: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of irreversible blindness in adults, with significant visual disability and central vision loss. Adiponectin (APN) and its receptors (AdipoRs) play a central role in metabolic disorders and ocular pathology. This review summarizes the association of APN/AdipoRs with retinal diseases, specifically AMD and diabetic retinopathy, and presents original research on the inhibition of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in a mouse model with APN-derived peptides.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ana Rita Fernandes, Aleksandra Zielinska, Elena Sanchez-Lopez, Tiago dos Santos, Maria Luisa Garcia, Amelia M. Silva, Jacek Karczewski, Eliana B. Souto
Summary: This review discusses the latest developments in treatment options for age-related macular degeneration (AMD), including pharmacologic therapies and laser treatments for exudative AMD. However, there are still no successful treatments for nonexudative AMD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Connor Logan, Valeriy Lyzogubov, Nalini Bora, Puran Bora
Summary: This study demonstrates the potential of APNp1 as a therapeutic agent for wet-type AMD and explores the effectiveness of eye drops and AAV vector for its delivery. The research also investigates the mechanism of APNp1 in affecting CNV and finds increased expression of AdipoR1 and PCNA in retinal and choroidal tissue.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Pengxiang Zhou, Siqian Zheng, Ente Wang, Peng Men, Suodi Zhai
Summary: Conbercept is well-tolerated and effective in improving vision and fundus condition in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration and diabetic macular edema compared with laser photocoagulation, intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide, and placebo. Further large-sample and long-term studies are needed.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Mariangela Rondanelli, Clara Gasparri, Antonella Riva, Giovanna Petrangolini, Gaetan Claude Barrile, Alessandro Cavioni, Claudia Razza, Alice Tartara, Simone Perna
Summary: Many eye diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy (DR), age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and cataracts, can be prevented and treated with lifestyle changes. This review aims to evaluate the latest research on the optimal dietary approach to prevent or support the treatment of these eye diseases and create a food pyramid that simplifies food choices for individuals at risk. The proposed food pyramid includes daily consumption of low glycemic index grains, fruits and vegetables rich in fiber, vitamins, and antioxidants, as well as regular intake of fish, white meat, legumes, eggs, light cheeses, microgreens, and spices. Personalized supplementation may be required, while salt and sugar should be avoided. In addition, aerobic and resistance exercises are recommended several times a week.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)