Article
Plant Sciences
Sogo Nishio, Takeshi Hayashi, Kenta Shirasawa, Toshihiro Saito, Shingo Terakami, Norio Takada, Yukie Takeuchi, Shigeki Moriya, Akihiko Itai
Summary: This study identified 56 SNPs associated with fruit traits through genome-wide association studies. New loci related to individual sugar accumulation were discovered, and candidate genes for the underlying QTLs were inferred using apple genome information. Genomic selection accuracy for sucrose, fructose, and glucose was relatively high, indicating the potential to select individuals with desired sugar contents.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Aeshna Sinha, P. P. S. Gill, S. K. Jawandha, S. K. Grewal
Summary: The combined use of chitosan and salicylic acid coatings effectively delayed fruit softening process, reduced membrane damage, and inhibited cell wall degrading enzyme activities.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
Zhiya Liu, Xuetong Wu, Huwei Liu, Meiling Zhang, Weibiao Liao
Summary: Fruit ripening is regulated by transcription factors, plant hormone ethylene, and DNA methylation. DNA methylation affects fruit ripening by transferring methyl groups. Tomato fruit ripening is dynamically regulated by DNA methylation and demethylation, but the specific molecular mechanism is still unclear.
PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Kenta Shirasawa, Akihiro Itai, Sachiko Isobe
Summary: A study analyzing the genome sequence of a Japanese pear was conducted to support its breeding and genetic research. A total of 17 chromosome-scale sequences were established, and a large number of protein-encoding genes were predicted through de novo assembly of long sequence reads.
Article
Horticulture
Mengyan Li, Runze Wang, Bobo Song, Beibei Cao, Manyi Sun, Yueyuan Liu, Xuening Chen, Shaoling Zhang, Jiaming Li, Kejiao Zhao, Jun Wu
Summary: In this study, the functional impacts of alternative splicing (AS) on fruit quality during domestication and improvement of pear were investigated. The results showed that AS affected glycosylation and carbohydrate metabolism during domestication and was enriched in response to chemical stimulus during improvement. Additionally, differential alternatively spliced serine/arginine-rich (SR) genes were identified, suggesting their regulatory roles in AS during the two processes. Furthermore, candidate AS genes related to fruit traits were screened out, providing valuable references for improving fruit quality in other fruit tree crops.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2022)
Article
Horticulture
Jing-Guo Zhang, Wei Du, Jing Fan, Xiao-Ping Yang, Qi-Liang Chen, Ying Liu, Hong-Ju Hu, Zheng-Rong Luo
Summary: Ethylene production is negatively associated with storage life in sand pear, and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase (ACS) is considered crucial for fruit storage. The study identified 13 ACS genes in the sand pear genome, showing different expressions in climacteric and non-climacteric fruit types during ripening. These ACS genes have different roles in ethylene biosynthesis during fruit development, associated with system 1 and system 2 of ethylene production.
Article
Plant Sciences
Zhenhua Cui, Nannan Wang, Yanxin Duan, Xinrui Xu, Ran Wang, Shaoling Zhang, Chunhui Ma
Summary: X-ray CT scanning was used in this study to analyze the microstructure of pear fruit susceptible to cork spot disorder, revealing higher porosity in cork spotted fruit compared to healthy fruit. Highly branched pore channels and low pore connectivity were observed in cork spotted fruit, potentially contributing to the disorder. The development of cork spot may be related to flesh tissue damage, dysfunction of Ca2+ transport channels, and imbalanced distribution of Ca2+ inside the fruit.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Min Song, Yanfeng Zhang, Qingli Jia, Shuhua Huang, Ran An, Nana Chen, Yantao Zhu, Jianxin Mu, Shengwu Hu
Summary: In this study, a whole-genome survey of the MADS-box gene family was conducted in the triangle of U species, and a total of 1430 MADS-box genes were identified. These genes were categorized into M-type and MIKC-type subfamilies, and further divided into several subclades. The study also revealed the diversity and specificity of gene structure and protein motifs among different subclades of MIKC-type MADS-box genes. The analysis of transcriptome data in B. napus showed tissue-specific expression of MIKC-type genes and their response to various abiotic stresses. Additionally, floral organ mutants were generated, enriching the understanding of floral organ development. Overall, this study provides valuable information for the study of MADS-box genes and contributes to the improvement of new varieties.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pengyan Zhou, Yanshu Qu, Zhongwei Wang, Bin Huang, Qiang Wen, Yue Xin, Zhouxian Ni, Li'an Xu
Summary: In this study, 89 MADS-box genes were identified for the first time in the whole genome of C. chekiangoleosa. These genes showed expansion by tandem and fragment duplication and could be divided into type I and type II. Compared to Camellia sinensis and Arabidopsis thaliana, C. chekiangoleosa had a higher proportion of type II genes, suggesting a higher duplication rate or lower loss rate. The type II genes were more conserved and had extra-long amino acid sequences. This study provides important foundation for studying the reproductive organ development of C. chekiangoleosa.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yue Xu, Liyue Huo, Keke Zhao, Yawei Li, Xinran Zhao, Huiying Wang, Wenli Wang, Haiyan Shi
Summary: Salicylic acid (SA) delays fruit senescence by inhibiting ethylene (ET) biosynthesis. In this study, PpEIN3a gene was identified as a key regulator in fruit senescence and its expression was regulated by SA, ET, auxin, and glucose. SA plays an antagonistic role toward ET, auxin, and glucose in regulating the expression of PpEIN3a to delay fruit senescence.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhongyuan Lin, Dingding Cao, Rebecca Njeri Damaris, Pingfang Yang
Summary: This study conducted transcriptomic analysis among different organs in lotus and identified thousands of genes related to petaloidy in carpels. AGAMOUS was confirmed as a potential gene associated with petaloid phenotype in lotus, and a hypothesized labile boundary in floral organs of N. nucifera was proposed. These results provide a theoretical basis for the molecular regulation of petaloid phenotype.
Article
Plant Sciences
Sewon Oh, Hyeondae Han, Daeil Kim
Summary: This study successfully identified a novel scab resistance gene, Rvn3, in an interspecific hybrid pear through artificial inoculation experiments and molecular markers, confirming its homology with the apple scab resistance gene Rvi14 and providing important theoretical basis for breeding disease-resistant pear cultivars.
Article
Plant Sciences
Sumathi Tomes, Kularajathevan Gunaseelan, Monica Dragulescu, Yen-Yi Wang, Lindy Guo, Robert J. Schaffer, Erika Varkonyi-Gasic
Summary: There have been successful studies that have sped up the flowering cycle in woody perennial horticultural species. In one study, a gene from silver birch was used to accelerate flowering in apple, and similar results were achieved in European pear. These transformed pear lines were able to flower and produce fruit within a short period of time, showing potential for use in rapid breeding programs.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jiyuan Wang, Wanxia Sun, Li Wang, Xunju Liu, Yan Xu, Irfan Ali Sabir, Songtao Jiu, Shiping Wang, Caixi Zhang
Summary: This study characterizes the spatial and temporal variability of high temperature in the main sweet cherry growing regions of China and its impact on double pistil formation. It also explores the molecular mechanism of high temperature-mediated double fruit formation by investigating the regulation of the FUL gene and other MADS-box genes in sweet cherry. The findings provide insights into the potential impact of high temperature on tree fruit species at the molecular level.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yuhang Zhou, Xueping Wang, Kaijie Qi, Jianping Bao, Shaoling Zhang, Chao Gu
Summary: In this study, 3,330 lncRNAs were isolated from Pyrus pyrifolia fruit, and 2,060 and 537 of these lncRNAs were found to be responsive to high- and low-temperature conditions, respectively. Among these, 82 and 24 lncRNAs were correlated with mRNAs involved in fruit senescence under high- and low-temperature conditions. Additionally, three lncRNAs were identified as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) interacting with microRNAs involved in fruit senescence, with one and two ceRNAs involved in fruit senescence under high- and low-temperature conditions, respectively. Moreover, four alternative splicing-derived lncRNAs were found to interact with miR172i homologies to relieve the repression of their target genes and produce an miR172i precursor.
HORTICULTURAL PLANT JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
P. Opio, Jingyu Wu, H. Tomiyama, T. Saito, K. Ohkawa, H. Ohara, S. Kondo
Summary: The study found that repeated dehydration stress induced memory-mediated physiological responses in sugar apple, such as the accumulation of IAA and JA-Ile. These responses help sugar apple plants survive in drought conditions.
Article
Plant Sciences
Junbei Ni, Apekshika T. Premathilake, Yuhao Gao, Wenjie Yu, Ruiyan Tao, Yuanwen Teng, Songling Bai
Summary: Ethylene induces anthocyanin biosynthesis in most fruits, but inhibits it in pears. The transcription factor PpERF105 activated the expression of PpMYB140, which then inhibited the anthocyanin biosynthesis in pears. The competition between PpMYB140 and PpMYB114 led to the formation of a complex that further inhibited anthocyanin biosynthesis.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jianzhao Li, Xinhui Yan, Mudassar Ahmad, Wenjie Yu, Zhizhong Song, Junbei Ni, Qinsong Yang, Yuanwen Teng, Hongxia Zhang, Songling Bai
Summary: The study found that alternative splicing of the PpDAM1 gene may play a crucial role in the pear flower bud dormancy process in 'Dangshansu' pear tree.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Horticulture
L. Wang, S. Wang, H. Tomiyama, P. Opio, H. Ohara, K. Ohkawa, T. Saito, S. Kondo
Summary: The application of n-propyl dihydrojasmonate (PDJ) showed protective effects against sodium chloride (NaCl) stress in apple seedlings by enhancing antioxidant activities and chlorophyll concentrations, and decreasing Na+ concentrations and the generation of MDA, proline, and H2O2 in the leaves. Additionally, PDJ application also resulted in increased endogenous JA and ABA concentrations, as well as altered gene expressions related to stress responses and ion regulation.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Horticulture
Takanori Saito, Hiroyuki Tomiyama, Miho Ishioka, Natsuki Hashimoto, Sorawee Thunyamada, Katsuya Ohkawa, Hitoshi Ohara, Hiromi Ikeura, Satoru Kondo
Summary: This study revealed that inhibiting ABA accumulation in grape leaves could suppress berry maturation, affecting anthocyanin and sucrose accumulation.
HORTICULTURE JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Haoting Chen, Songling Bai, Miyako Kusano, Hiroshi Ezura, Ning Wang
Summary: This study investigates the molecular regulation of ethylene biosynthesis and perception during fruit ripening in domesticated and wild tomatoes. The results show that red-ripe tomato fruits have increased ACS enzyme dosage, leading to elevated ethylene production. Furthermore, autocatalytic ethylene production is specific to red-ripe tomato species. Key regulators NOR and RIN are involved in this process, overlapping with increasing ACS enzyme dosage and linking higher ethylene production with spatiotemporal modulation of gene expression in red-ripe tomato species.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Qinsong Yang, Xinyue Wu, Yuhao Gao, Junbei Ni, Jinjin Li, Ziqi Pei, Songling Bai, Yuanwen Teng
Summary: This study reveals the mechanism of how H3K4me3 marks are added to dormancy-related genes in perennial woody plants and uncovers a novel mechanism by which ABF3 integrates abscisic acid signaling and gibberellic acid catabolism during bud dormancy maintenance.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jia Wei, Qinsong Yang, Junbei Ni, Yuhao Gao, Yinxin Tang, Songling Bai, Yuanwen Teng
Summary: This study investigates the effect of defoliation on pear trees and finds that defoliation-induced auxin efflux from buds accelerates bud paradormancy release, leading to out-of-season flowering. The findings are important for understanding the mechanism of bud dormancy and developing methods to inhibit early defoliation-induced out-of-season flowering.
Article
Horticulture
Mudassar Ahmad, Ahmed Alabd, Yuhao Gao, Wenjie Yu, Wajeeha Jamil, Xuxu Wang, Jia Wei, Junbei Ni, Yuanwen Teng, Songling Bai
Summary: NAC proteins are important regulators in plant development and stress tolerance. In this study, the authors investigated the transcriptional regulation of PpNACs during abiotic stress signaling in pear. They identified three differentially expressed NAC genes, PpNAC88, PpNAC92, and PpNAC130, which belong to the stress-responsive NAC subgroup in pear. The authors also found that these PpNACs, named Pp-SNACs, have high expression levels under salt stress and ABA treatment. Further experiments revealed the transcriptional regulation of Pp-SNACs on stress-responsive genes and the formation of protein complexes by PpNAC88 and PpNAC130, suggesting their multidirectional roles in abiotic stress response in pear.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2022)
Article
Horticulture
Lu Wang, Shulin Yang, Junbei Ni, Yuanwen Teng, Songling Bai
Summary: Fruit color, determined by anthocyanin accumulation, is an important indicator of fruit quality. Anthocyanin synthesis is regulated by both genetic factors and external factors such as light, temperature, and nutrient levels. Plant growth regulators also play a crucial role in regulating anthocyanin synthesis. This review article discusses the physiological and molecular mechanisms of anthocyanin synthesis regulated by plant growth regulators. It concludes that exogenous application of abscisic acid, jasmonate, and brassinosteroid can promote anthocyanin accumulation, while ethylene, auxin, cytokinin, and gibberellin have dual effects on anthocyanin synthesis.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Junbei Ni, Simai Wang, Wenjie Yu, Yifei Liao, Chen Pan, Manman Zhang, Ruiyan Tao, Jia Wei, Yuhao Gao, Dongsheng Wang, Songling Bai, Yuanwen Teng
Summary: In this study, a transcription factor PpERF9 activated by ethylene was identified. It was found to inhibit the expression of PpMYB114 and PpRAP2.4 through histone deacetylation, thus suppressing anthocyanin biosynthesis in pear.
Article
Plant Sciences
S. Kondo, H. Tomiyama, R. Oda, T. Saito, K. Ohkawa, H. Ohara, S. Aramaki, T. Inoue, T. Otsuka
Summary: The application of fungicide isoprothiolane (IPT) improved peel color in satsuma mandarin fruit. However, the underlying mechanism is still not fully understood.
PLANT GROWTH REGULATION
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Xuxu Wang, Jia Wei, Jiahao Wu, Baojing Shi, Peihui Wang, Ahmed Alabd, Duanni Wang, Yuhao Gao, Junbei Ni, Songling Bai, Yuanwen Teng
Summary: This study reveals that brassinosteroids and jasmonic acid contribute to the release of pear bud dormancy. Brassinosteroids inhibit the expression of dormancy-associated genes and accelerate bud break, while jasmonic acid increases the synthesis of gibberellin, promoting dormancy release.
Article
Horticulture
H. Tomiyama, Y. Goto, P. Opio, T. Saito, K. Ohkawa, H. Ohara, S. Kondo
Summary: The study investigated the impact of hot water (HW) immersion and nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) combination on Japanese apricot fruit ripening. The results showed that fruit treated with HW and NDGA had the highest firmness, hue angle, and chlorophyll concentration at 3 and 6 days after treatment, effectively delaying ethylene production and expression of related genes.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Forestry
Akiko Ito, Pham Anh Tuan, Takanori Saito, Songling Bai, Masayuki Kita, Takaya Moriguchi
Summary: This study reveals the dynamic changes in phytohormone levels, especially indole acetic acid and gibberellic acid, during bud dormancy progression in Japanese pear trees. The regulation of phytohormone levels seems to be crucial for controlling dormancy depth and flowering uniformity.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Xiangge Meng, Chengping Li, Yu Hei, Xiang Zhou, Guoli Zhou
Summary: The study used IVT-SAPAS sequencing to analyze the dynamic changes of APA sites during adipogenesis in bovine subcutaneous preadipocytes and intramuscular preadipocytes. The results showed that APA plays an important role in adipocyte differentiation, and UTR-APA switching genes have different trends, with intramuscular preadipocytes tending to use shorter 3'UTR for differentiation. TRIB3, WWTR1, and INSIG1 play important roles in intramuscular preadipocyte differentiation.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
S. Alizadeh, S. Khamse, N. Tajeddin, H. R. Khorram Khorshid, A. Delbari, M. Ohadi
Summary: This study identifies a specific genotype at a CG-rich trinucleotide short tandem repeat (STR) locus that is associated with late-onset neurocognitive disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD).
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Shougang Liu, Zhe Zhuang, Fanghua Liu, Xiuqing Yuan, Zeqiao Zhang, Xiaoqian Liang, Xinhui Li, Yongfeng Chen
Summary: This study investigated the effect and mechanism of RPL9 and TIFA in scalp psoriasis, and identified RPL9 as a potential therapeutic target for scalp psoriasis.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Shiting Wang, Jiaqi Chen, Zhichao Jin, Ying Xing, Ruiping Wang
Summary: This study suggests a causal association between hair color and skin cancers, with light hair colors (red, blonde, and light brown) being associated with an increased risk and dark brown hair being associated with a decreased risk.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Joseph Hawadak, Loick Pradel Kojom Foko, Rodrigue Roman Dongang Nana, Karmveer Yadav, Veena Pande, Aparup Das, Vineeta Singh
Summary: This study investigates the genetic diversity and natural selection of the Pfama-1 gene in Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Cameroon. The study finds a considerable nucleotide and haplotype diversity, as well as specific mutations in Cameroonian isolates. Positive diversifying selection and the identification of selected codon sites suggest the potential implication of these genetic variations in host immune pressure and parasite-binding complex modulation. The findings provide valuable baseline data for malaria vaccine design.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Emily Biernat, Mansi Verma, Chhabi K. Govind
Summary: RSC is an essential ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complex in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It regulates nucleosome-depleted regions (NDRs) by sliding flanking nucleosomes away from NDRs. Depletion of RSC leads to nucleosome encroachment in NDRs and transcription initiation defects. The study compared the effects of catalytic-dead Sth1 and rapid depletion of Sth1 on transcription. Rapid depletion of Sth1 reduces recruitment of TBP and Pol II, while the catalytic-dead mutant exhibits a severe reduction in TBP binding but accumulates Pol II in coding regions. The results suggest a role for RSC in transcription elongation and termination processes.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Yunxiao Wei, Yuhan Song, Muhammad Aamir Khan, Chengzhen Liang, Zhigang Meng, Yuan Wang, Sandui Guo, Rui Zhang
Summary: This study analyzed the GhTPP protein family in upland cotton for the first time and identified the important role of GhTPPA_2 in regulating sugar metabolism, improving soluble sugar accumulation, and drought stress tolerance.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Yannan Geng, Rui Shao, Tiantong Xu, Lilong Zhang
Summary: A novel risk model based on SCUBE3, TNNC1, SPON1, SEPT12 and ULBP1 genes was developed for predicting PMOP risk, with higher risk score indicating higher risk of suffering from PMOP. Significant differences in signaling pathway activities were observed between the high-risk score group and the low-risk score group.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Randy P. Williams, Corina Lesseur, Haoxiang Cheng, Qian Li, Maya Deyssenroth, Christopher D. Molteno, Ernesta M. Meintjes, Sandra W. Jacobson, Joseph L. Jacobson, Helen Wainwright, Ke Hao, Jia Chen, R. Colin Carter
Summary: The study suggests that heavy alcohol exposure during pregnancy may impact the proportion of fetal placental villi macrophages and increase the expression of inflammatory genes. Further research is needed to explore these effects and evaluate the potential functional roles of placental inflammation in FASD.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Lvjing Luo, Lishuang Sun, Shu Li, Huiting Liu, Zhengyu Chen, Shi Huang, Yinyin Mo, Genliang Li
Summary: This study analyzed the expression of Ptpn1 and miR-124-3p in testicular tissues of mice and investigated their regulatory relationship. The results showed that Ptpn1 expression was up-regulated in adult mouse testis compared to juvenile mouse testis, while miR-124-3p expression showed an opposite pattern. Further analysis suggested that the down-regulation of miR-124-3p may contribute to the high expression of Ptpn1 in adult mouse testis.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Gairui Li, Dan Zhao, Xiaolin Peng, Yashuang Zhao
Summary: MiRNA-22 shows potential as a candidate for early diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC). The study found higher miR-22 expression levels in the CRC and CRA groups, suggesting its potential as a biomarker for CRC early screening.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Zhongqiu Zhu, Qianting Yang, Xiaoying Tian, Da Man, Jian Wang, Junfang Zhang, Bingshe Han
Summary: This study constructed a ceRNA network mediated by lncRNAs in cold-acclimated zebrafish ZF4 cells and revealed that upregulation of MSTRG3207 promotes apoptosis by sponging dre-miR-736 during cold acclimation.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Weitao Chen, Denggao Xiang, Shang Gao, Shuli Zhu, Zhi Wu, Yuefei Li, Jie Li
Summary: Dam construction has negatively impacted the genetic diversity and structure of fish populations. This case study on the endangered Hemibagrus guttatus found low genetic diversity, high levels of inbreeding, and decreasing population size in fragmented populations. Genetic structure and differentiation were also observed, indicating the influence of dams on these fish populations.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Pooja Singh, Debleena Guin, Bijay Pattnaik, Ritushree Kukreti
Summary: Through systematic literature review and meta-analysis, it was found that idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is significantly associated with 222 polymorphisms in 118 genes. Four polymorphisms - rs35705950/MUC5B, rs2736100/TERT, rs2076295/DSP, and rs111521887/TOLLIP, exhibited substantial epidemiological evidence supporting their association with IPF risk.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Jianping Zhang, Zhijun Cai, Fanzhe Feng, Yufeng Peng, Yi Cui, Yongiqing Xu
Summary: This study found that exosomes secreted by young BMSCs can promote the healing of tendon-bone interface after rotator cuff tears. These exosomes can improve extracellular matrix remodeling, osteogenic differentiation, angiogenesis, and stemness of tendon-derived stem cells (TDSCs). The exosomes from young BMSCs have better effects compared to those from aged BMSCs.
