Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Kok-Ann Gwee, Yeong Yeh Lee, Hidekazu Suzuki, Uday Chand Ghoshal, Gerald Holtmann, Tao Bai, Giovanni Barbara, Min-hu Chen, Andrew Seng Boon Chua, Peter R. Gibson, Xiaohua Hou, Jinsong Liu, Atsushi Nakajima, Nitesh Pratap, Sanjeev Sachdeva, Kewin Tien Ho Siah, Alex Yu Sen Soh, Kentaro Sugano, Jan Tack, Victoria Ping Yi Tan, Xudong Tang, Marjorie Walker, Deng-Chyang Wu, Ying-Lian Xiao, Khairil Khuzaini Zulkifli, Clarissa Toh
Summary: Contemporary systems categorize patients into sub-classes based on symptoms to enable targeted treatment, but overlapping symptom categories negatively impact outcomes, lacking guidance on management. An APAGE working group developed clinical practice guidelines for management of patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) who have overlaps with other functional gastrointestinal disorders. They identified putative pathophysiology and provided a management algorithm for primary and secondary care clinicians.
JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kai-Liang Kao, Fung-Chang Sung, Hui-Chun Huang, Chen-Ju Lin, Shu-Chin Chen, Cheng-Li Lin, Yo-Ping Huang, Shu- Wu, Yi-Shin Chen, Robert Stewart
Summary: This study found that patients with depressive disorder are at elevated risk of functional dyspepsia (FD). However, antidepressant treatment could reduce the risk of FD.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yanina Balabanova, Bahman Farahmand, Hans Garmo, Par Stattin, Gunnar Brobert
Summary: This nationwide cohort study in Sweden found that men with prostate cancer had a 50% increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) compared with men without prostate cancer during a 5-year follow-up period.
Article
Immunology
Giovanni Gabutti, Tiziana Grassi, Francesco Bagordo, Marta Savio, Maria Cristina Rota, Paolo Castiglia, Tatjana Baldovin, Francesco Napolitano, Alessandra Panico, Matilde Ogliastro, Claudia Maria Trombetta, Savina Ditommaso, Fabio Tramuto
Summary: The aim of this study was to analyze the seroprevalence of varicella in Italy and evaluate the impact of varicella vaccination. The overall seroprevalence was 91.6% with higher rates in females and increasing prevalence in younger age groups. The comparison with previous surveys showed significantly higher prevalence in children and adolescents, indicating the positive impact of varicella vaccination in Italy.
Review
Microbiology
Georgios Tziatzios, Paraskevas Gkolfakis, Gabriela Leite, Ruchi Mathur, Georgia Damoraki, Evangelos J. J. Giamarellos-Bourboulis, Konstantinos Triantafyllou
Summary: Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a common disorder with no definitive, universal treatment. Probiotics have been suggested as a potential therapeutic option for FD due to their effects on gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). However, the evidence for the efficacy of probiotics in FD remains unclear. This review aims to summarize the available evidence for the use of probiotics in FD.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Dandan Li, Qiuda Zheng, Zhe Wang, Yuan Ren, Kevin V. Thomas, Phong K. Thai
Summary: Understanding the consumption patterns of artificial sweeteners in China is important for public health policies. Wastewater analysis revealed that university students consume more artificial sweeteners than the general population, and there is a correlation between temperature increase and higher consumption of artificial sweeteners.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Nan Hu, Kun Wang, Li Zhang, Zuo-Jing Liu, Zhu Jin, Rong-Li Cui, He-Jun Zhang, Zhong-Hu He, Yang Ke, Li-Ping Duan
Summary: This study investigated the epidemiological and clinical features of functional dyspepsia (FD) and organic dyspepsia (OD) in a population with a high prevalence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The prevalence of FD was found to be 5.11%, with FD cases mainly presenting as postprandial distress syndrome (PDS) and epigastric pain syndrome (EPS), while OD cases were associated with reflux esophagitis, ESCC, and duodenal ulcer.
CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Goran Bergstrom, Margaretha Persson, Martin Adiels, Elias Bjornson, Carl Bonander, Hakan Ahlstrom, Joakim Alfredsson, Oskar Angeras, Goran Berglund, Anders Blomberg, John Brandberg, Mats Borjesson, Kerstin Cederlund, Ulf de Faire, Olov Duvernoy, Orjan Ekblom, Gunnar Engstrom, Jan E. Engvall, Erika Fagman, Mats Eriksson, David Erlinge, Bjorn Fagerberg, Agneta Flinck, Isabel Goncalves, Emil Hagstrom, Ola Hjelmgren, Lars Lind, Eva Lindberg, Per Lindqvist, Johan Ljungberg, Martin Magnusson, Maria Mannila, Hanna Markstad, Moman A. Mohammad, Fredrik H. Nystrom, Ellen Ostenfeld, Anders Persson, Annika Rosengren, Anette Sandstrom, Anders Sjalander, Magnus C. Skold, Johan Sundstrom, Eva Swahn, Stefan Soderberg, Kjell Toren, Carl Johan Ostgren, Tomas Jernberg
Summary: Through conducting a study using CCTA on a random sample of individuals aged 50 to 64, we found that silent coronary atherosclerosis is common in this population, particularly in individuals with higher CAC scores.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sung Ill Jang, Tae Hoon Lee, Seok Jeong, Chang-Il Kwon, Dong Hee Koh, Yoon Jae Kim, Hye Sun Lee, Min-Young Do, Jae Hee Cho, Dong Ki Lee
Summary: This study investigated the treatment effects of litholytic agents on refractory functional dyspepsia (RFD) patients. It was found that chenodeoxycholic and ursodeoxycholic acids improved the symptoms of RFD patients. This is a good treatment option for RFD patients with biliary dyspepsia secondary to biliary microlithiasis.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Tiziana Grassi, Francesco Bagordo, Marta Savio, Maria Cristina Rota, Francesco Vitale, Antonella Arghittu, Laura Sticchi, Giovanni Gabutti, Sero-Epidemiol Study Grp
Summary: The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of pertussis IgG antibodies in the Italian population. The results showed a significantly higher mean antibody concentration in males compared to females, highlighting the possible role of adolescents and adults in the transmission of B. pertussis.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Christopher J. Black, Peter A. Paine, Anurag Agrawal, Imran Aziz, Maria P. Eugenicos, Lesley A. Houghton, Pali Hungin, Ross Overshott, Dipesh H. Vasant, Sheryl Rudd, Richard C. Winning, Maura Corsetti, Alexander C. Ford
Summary: This research aims to review and summarize the current evidence on functional dyspepsia, provide a practical framework for evidence-based diagnosis and treatment of patients, and provide specific recommendations based on the GRADE system. The study also considers the development of novel treatment methods and highlights areas of unmet need and priorities for future research.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Xin Shi, Hui Luo, Xiangping Wang, Gui Ren, Linhui Zhang, Qin Tao, Shuhui Liang, Na Liu, Xiaojun Huang, Xiaoyin Zhang, Hui Deng, Wei Qin, Xiaoyu Kang, Yanglin Pan, Daiming Fan
Summary: This study reveals the correlation between the newly developed Functional Dyspepsia Symptom Diary (FDSD) and other functional dyspepsia-related questionnaires. FDSD ≥ 20 and HAMD ≥ 13 are independently associated with severe functional dyspepsia reported by patients.
JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Massimo Cirillo, Giancarlo Bilancio, Pierpaolo Cavallo, Raffaele Palladino, Oscar Terradura-Vagnarelli, Martino Laurenzi
Summary: The study found that higher sodium intake was associated with higher kidney function cross-sectionally, but led to greater kidney function decline over time within the general population.
CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Elif Aribas, Maryam Kavousi, Joop S. E. Laven, M. Arfan Ikram, Jeanine E. Roeters van Lennep
Summary: A clear sex-specific pattern for SHBG levels with age was observed, with men showing a linear increase and women exhibiting a U-shaped pattern. Participants with more cardiovascular risk factors had lower SHBG levels. When stratified by age, older participants had higher SHBG levels. Multivariate models including specific factors explained a significant portion of the variance in SHBG levels. It is important to consider age-related changes in SHBG levels to avoid controversial results in assessing cardiovascular risk associated with SHBG.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Neuroimaging
Cees J. Weeland, Odile A. van den Heuvel, T. White, H. Tiemeier, C. Vriend
Summary: This study investigated the functional brain characteristics of obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) in children from the general population using a multiscale approach. The results suggest that network characteristics of OCS in children are partly symptom-specific and severity-dependent.
BRAIN IMAGING AND BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Leonardo Frazzoni, Marzio Frazzoni, Nicola De Bortoli, Mentore Ribolsi, Salvatore Tolone, Salvatore Russo, Rita Luisa Conigliaro, Roberto Penagini, Lorenzo Fuccio, Rocco Maurizio Zagari, Edoardo Savarino
Summary: The study validated the Lyon Consensus criteria for diagnosing GORD through reflux monitoring. Adding evaluation of impedance parameters, including TRs, PSPW index, and MNBI, improved the diagnostic yield of reflux monitoring.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Afagh Garjani, Rachael Hunter, Graham R. Law, Rodden M. Middleton, Katherine A. Tuite-Dalton, Ruth Dobson, David Ford, Stella Hughes, Owen R. Pearson, David Rog, Emma C. Tallantyre, Richard Nicholas, Richard Morriss, Nikos Evangelou, Roshan das Nair
Summary: The study found that during the first wave of the outbreak in the United Kingdom, people with MS were more likely to experience anxiety, depression, loneliness, worse social support, and worsened exercise habits compared to the general population.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Primary Health Care
Vanessa Botan, Despina Laparidou, Viet-Hai Phung, Peter Cheung, Adrian Freeman, Richard Wakeford, Meiling Denney, Graham R. Law, Aloysius Niroshan Siriwardena
Summary: The Recorded Consultation Assessment (RCA) was rapidly developed to replace the Clinical Skills Assessment (CSA) for UK general practice licencing during COVID-19. While most candidates perceived RCA as a fair assessment, they also reported difficulties in collecting, selecting, and submitting cases, as well as feeling rushed during recording.
EDUCATION FOR PRIMARY CARE
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Raquel Ortigao, Goncalo Figueiroa, Leonardo Frazzoni, Pedro Pimentel-Nunes, Cesare Hassan, Mario Dinis-Ribeiro, Lorenzo Fuccio, Diogo Libanio
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review of 52 studies to identify risk factors for metachronous gastric lesions (MGL) and compare the incidence after endoscopic resection (ER) and subtotal gastrectomy. The results showed that the incidence of MGL after ER was significantly higher than after subtotal gastrectomy. Factors such as age, sex, family history, synchronous lesions, gastric mucosal atrophy, intestinal metaplasia, H. pylori infection, and pepsinogen I/II ratio were significantly associated with MGL after ER. The study highlights the importance of individualized follow-up schedules based on different surgical procedures and risk factors.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Afagh Garjani, Sameer Patel, Dhiren Bharkhada, Waqar Rashid, Alasdair Coles, Graham R. Law, Nikos Evangelou
Summary: This study investigated the changes in SARS-CoV-2 infection risk among patients receiving disease-modifying therapies for multiple sclerosis (MS) after vaccination. The results showed that patients taking ocrelizumab or fingolimod had a lower level of protection from the SARS-CoV-2 vaccines compared to the general population.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Despina Laparidou, Vanessa Botan, Graham R. Law, Elise Rowan, Murray D. Smith, Amanda Brewster, Robert Spaight, Pauline Mountain, Sally Dunmore, June James, Leon Roberts, Kamlesh Khunti, A. Niroshan Siriwardena
Summary: This study conducted a process evaluation to investigate the acceptability, understandability, and usefulness of the "Hypos can strike twice" booklet-based ambulance clinician intervention among ambulance staff and people with diabetes. The findings showed that both ambulance staff and people with diabetes had positive attitudes towards the intervention and found the booklet informative and easy to use. The intervention was reported to prompt behavior change and help-seeking from primary care.
BMC EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Jennifer M. Johnson, Simon J. Durrant, Graham R. Law, Joao Santiago, Eleanor M. Scott, Ffion Curtis
Summary: Poor glycaemic control in diabetes is associated with sleep quality and specific sleep stages, but the exact relationship remains unclear. This systematic review found that disruption of slow-wave sleep (SWS) is associated with increased insulin resistance, while fasting or post-prandial glucose or insulin levels are not significantly affected. Further research is needed to explore mechanisms and potential interventions for optimizing sleep stage disruption and enhancement.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Georgia D. Tomova, Mark S. Gilthorpe, Peter W. G. Tennant
Summary: This study explores and illustrates the theory and performance of the leave-one-out and energy partition models for estimating substitution effects in nutritional epidemiology. Through Monte Carlo data simulations, it was found that both models perform well when substituting a single exposure with a single component, but bias may occur when multiple components are involved in the substitution. Additionally, adjusting for total energy intake and considering foods measured in grams or portions may result in obscure estimands.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Primary Health Care
Aloysius Niroshan Siriwardena, Vanessa Botan, Nicki Williams, Kim Emerson, Fiona Kameen, Lindsey Pope, Adrian Freeman, Graham Law
Summary: This study investigated the differential attainment between ethnic minority and White doctors in UK general practice licensing tests. The results showed that, after controlling for sex, place of primary medical qualification, declared disability, and MSRA scores, ethnic background did not reduce the chance of passing the tests. However, ethnic minority doctors performed better in the Applied Knowledge Test compared to White British doctors.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF GENERAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Colin Ridyard, Murray Smith, Robert Spaight, Graham Richard Law, Aloysius Niroshan Siriwardena
Summary: This study aimed to optimize the proportions of dual-crewed ambulances (DCAs) and rapid-response vehicles (RRVs) in Ambulance Trusts. The results suggest that there is no benefit in increasing the relative proportions of RRVs to DCAs unless additional benefits can be realized that bring the overall conveyance rates down.
EMERGENCY MEDICINE JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Vanessa Botan, Nicki Williams, Graham R. Law, Aloysius Niroshan Siriwardena
Summary: Candidates with specific learning difficulties encounter difficulties in multiple domains of postgraduate general practice specialty training and licencing assessments. More adjustments tailored to their needs should be put in place for the applied clinical skills tests and during their training.
Article
Education & Educational Research
Vanessa Botan, Despina Laparidou, Viet-Hai Phung, Peter Cheung, Adrian Freeman, Richard Wakeford, Meiling Denney, Graham R. R. Law, Aloysius Niroshan Siriwardena
Summary: This study evaluated examiner perceptions of the Recorded Consultation Assessment (RCA) as a replacement for the Clinical Skills Assessment (CSA) in the UK general practice licensing exam. The results showed that the RCA was considered feasible and broadly acceptable by examiners, although challenges were experienced in candidate case selection, case content, and judgments.
BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Lorenzo Fuccio
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eleonora Iob, Jean-Baptiste R. Pingault, Marcus R. Munafo, Brendon S. Stubbs, Mark S. X. Gilthorpe, Adam X. Maihofer, Andrea Danese
Summary: Observational studies suggest that physical activity can reduce the risk of mental health and substance use disorders. The bidirectional causal relationship of physical activity and sedentary behaviour with various mental health and substance use disorders was investigated using two-sample Mendelian Randomisation. The results indicated that physical activity was associated with a lower risk of depression and cigarette smoking, while sedentary behaviour decreased the risk of anorexia and schizophrenia.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Nima Golijani-Moghaddam, David L. Dawson, Nikos Evangelou, James Turton, Annie Hawton, Graham R. Law, Bryan Roche, Elise Rowan, Rupert Burge, Alexandra C. Frost, Roshan das Nair
Summary: Cognitive deficits are common in people with MS, with up to 70% experiencing difficulties in higher-level brain functions, and the lack of effective interventions exacerbates burden on services and impacts quality of life. The planned research aims to develop and test an online cognitive rehabilitation program (SMART) for improving cognitive functioning in people with MS, filling an existing evidence gap.
PILOT AND FEASIBILITY STUDIES
(2022)