Article
Plant Sciences
Mengyuan Xiong, Xiantao Chen, Hongmei Wang, Xiang Tang, Qiaojiao Wang, Xuegang Li, Hang Ma, Xiaoli Ye
Summary: This study found that Zuojin capsule (ZJC) can improve spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia (SPEM) and alleviate its symptoms such as gastric mucosal damage, hyperplasia of gastric pits, and increased gastric mucus secretion. The study also revealed that ZJC exerts its therapeutic effects by inhibiting the abnormal activation of cell cycle-related proteins (CDK1, CCNB1, CCNA2) and the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Megan D. Radyk, Lillian B. Spatz, Bianca L. Pena, Jeffrey W. Brown, Joseph Burclaff, Charles J. Cho, Yan Kefalov, Chien-Cheng Shih, James A. J. Fitzpatrick, Jason C. Mills
Summary: ATF3 and RAB7B are upregulated in the early Stage 1 of paligenosis to help cells induce autophagic and lysosomal mechanisms. Atf3(-/-) mice fail to induce autophagic and lysosomal vesicles, leading to increased cell death. The evolutionarily conserved ATF3 gene orchestrates early paligenotic autodegradative events.
Article
Cell Biology
Zhi-Feng Miao, Charles J. Cho, Zhen-Ning Wang, Jason C. Mills
Summary: Differentiated cells have evolved a conserved program called paligenosis to return to a stem or progenitor state and reenter the cell cycle for tissue repair. Key regulators of paligenosis, such as Ddit4 and Ifrd1, control different stages of the process, providing potential new insights for tissue regeneration and cancer therapy.
Article
Pathology
Yasuhiro Wada, Shigemi Nakajima, Ryoji Kushima, Shizuki Takemura, Naoko Mori, Hiroshi Hasegawa, Takahisa Nakayama, Ken-ichi Mukaisho, Akiko Yoshida, Shinji Umano, Kazuo Yamamoto, Hiroyuki Sugihara, Kazunari Murakami
Summary: There are two types of pyloric gland-like metaplasia in the corpus of stomach: pyloric and pseudopyloric metaplasias. While they share similarities in morphology, there are differences in immunohistochemical expression of TFF2. The majority of metaplasia in autoimmune gastritis is pyloric metaplasia, with differences in TFF2 expression between pyloric and pseudopyloric metaplasia.
Article
Immunology
Lin Liu, Yang Wang, Yukun Zhao, Wei Zhang, Jiong Liu, Fengyun Wang, Ping Wang, Xudong Tang
Summary: Spasmolytic polypeptide expression metaplasia (SPEM) is a lesion in the corpus of the stomach closely associated with inflammations caused by H. pylori infection. It has been suggested as a dubious precancerous lesion of gastric cancer (GC), and further research on SPEM cell transdifferentiation and its underlying mechanisms could contribute to the development of new molecular targets for GC therapeutics. This study analyzed publications related to SPEM-GC using bibliometrics, identified research hotspots, and provided references for scientific researchers in related fields.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Mian-Li Li, Xin-Xin Hong, Wei-Jian Zhang, Yi-Zhong Liang, Tian-Tian Cai, Yi-Fei Xu, Hua-Feng Pan, Jian-Yuan Kang, Shao-Ju Guo, Hai-Wen Li
Summary: Heliobacter pylori infection is associated with chronic gastritis, gastric mucosal atrophy, and gastric cancer. Spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia (SPEM) is a type of mucous cell metaplasia that may have a stronger association with gastric adenocarcinoma than intestinal metaplasia. SPEM is caused by acute injury or inflammation and is characterized by abnormal expression of certain proteins in the stomach glands. The specific mechanism of SPEM progression driven by H. pylori infection needs further investigation.
WORLD JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CASES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hiromi Nakai-Shimoda, Tatsuhito Himeno, Tetsuji Okawa, Emiri Miura-Yura, Sachiko Sasajima, Makoto Kato, Yuichiro Yamada, Yoshiaki Morishita, Shin Tsunekawa, Yoshiro Kato, Yusuke Seino, Rieko Inoue, Masaki Kondo, Susumu Seino, Keiko Naruse, Koichi Kato, Hiroki Mizukami, Jiro Nakamura, Hideki Kamiya
Summary: Glucose-responsive ATP-sensitive potassium channels (K-ATP) play important roles in the peripheral nervous system, affecting neurite outgrowth and nerve conduction velocity.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ulrich Schweizer, Eva K. Wirth, Thomas Klopstock, Sabine M. Hoelter, Lore Becker, Jackob Moskovitz, Tilman Grune, Helmut Fuchs, Valerie Gailus-Durner, Martin Hrabe de Angelis, Josef Koehrle, Lutz Schomburg
Summary: Mice with disrupted Selenop gene exhibit neurological phenotypes that are highly dependent on selenium supply and timing of supplementation. Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons in the brain depend on dietary selenium availability. Selenium supplementation can prevent neurological abnormalities, but the timing and dosage of supplementation play a crucial role.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Alena Karnosova, Veronika Strnadova, Blanka Zelezna, Jaroslav Kunes, Petr Kasparek, Lenka Maletinska
Summary: A study on NPFFR2-deficient mice found that NPFFR2 is involved in energy balance and thermogenesis. This study reports the metabolic impact of NPFFR2 deficiency in male and female mice fed either a standard diet or a high-fat diet. It was found that NPFFR2 knockout mice showed severe glucose intolerance, especially when fed a high-fat diet. Male NPFFR2 knockout mice had lower body weights, white adipose tissues, and liver weight, while female knockout mice had reduced expression of Adra3(3 and Ppar gamma, inhibiting lipolysis in adipose tissue.
Article
Oncology
Wan-Qun Chen, Feng-Liang Tian, Jin-Wei Zhang, Xiao-Jun Yang, Yan-Ping Li
Summary: miR-7 downregulation is an early event in SPEM through regulation of TFF2 in human gastric mucosa. YWXY is able to inhibit cell proliferation and restore miR-7 expression by mediating TFF2 in the SPEM mouse model.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xiyang Wei, Shicheng Yu, Tinghong Zhang, Liansheng Liu, Xu Wang, Xiaodan Wang, Yun-Shen Chan, Yangming Wang, Shu Meng, Ye-Guang Chen
Summary: This study reveals the crucial role of intestinal epithelial microRNAs, particularly the miR-200 family, in regulating intestinal stem cells and epithelial regeneration. The downregulation of miR-200 family and hyperactivation of the p53 pathway are verified in patients with active ulcerative colitis. Importantly, the oral delivery of lipid nanoparticles carrying miR-200 can restore intestinal stem cells and promote intestinal regeneration, providing a promising therapeutic approach for active ulcerative colitis patients.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Haoyue Ding, Huiwen Zhang, Yaqian Lu, Xiaoyang Jiang, Qing Liu, Yingfen Hu, Haiyan Sun, Aiguo Ma
Summary: Peanut polypeptide obtained from mixed fermentation can effectively improve hyperlipidemia caused by high-fat diet and regulate intestinal flora.
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Ying Liu, Feifei Fang, Yilin Xiong, Jiandi Wu, Xueyan Li, Gangping Li, Tao Bai, Xiaohua Hou, Jun Song
Summary: This study explores the effect of Piezo1 in goblet cells on the mucus layer and microbiota in the colon. The results show that Piezo1 knockout leads to decreased goblet cell numbers, thinner mucus layer, and increased inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, the diversity and richness of mucosa-associated microbiota increase, while that of fecal-associated microbiota decrease. Potentially pathogenic bacteria also show increased abundance in the inner mucus layer.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sudiksha Rathan-Kumar, Joseph T. Roland, Michael Momoh, Anna Goldstein, Lynne A. Lapierre, Elizabeth Manning, Louise Mitchell, Jim Norman, Izumi Kaji, James R. Goldenring
Summary: This study demonstrates the importance of Rab11FIP1 in maintaining mucosal integrity in the colon. Deficiency of Rab11FIP1 leads to mistrafficking of Rab14 and MUC13, as well as a decrease in colonic goblet cells, resulting in impaired mucosal integrity.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhanhuai Wang, Lindsay M. Hopson, Stephanie S. Singleton, Xiaochun Yang, Wilma Jogunoori, Raja Mazumder, Vincent Obias, Paul Lin, Bao-Ngoc Nguyen, Michael Yao, Larry Miller, Jon White, Shuyun Rao, Lopa Mishra
Summary: Emerging data suggest a rise in chemoresistant colorectal cancer incidence in young individuals, potentially linked to alterations in the intestinal microbiome. This study investigated the impact of dysfunctional TGF-beta signaling on the microbiome and chemotherapy response in mice with CRC. Mutant mice with compromised TGF-beta signaling showed reduced beneficial bacteria in the gut and resistance to 5FU treatment, indicating implications for targeted therapy in CRC and other cancers.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pavlo Gilchuk, Isaac Thomsen, Sandra Yoder, Eric Brady, James D. Chappell, Laura J. Stevens, Mark R. Denison, Rachel E. Sutton, Rita E. Chen, Laura A. VanBlargan, Naveenchandra Suryadevara, Seth J. Zost, Jonathan Schmitz, Jill M. Pulley, Michael S. Diamond, Jillian P. Rhoads, Gordon R. Bernard, Wesley H. Self, Todd W. Rice, Allison P. Wheeler, James E. Crowe, Robert H. Carnahan
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the urgent need for rapid evaluation of neutralizing antibody responses and the development of antibody-based treatments. The currently approved serological tests do not measure antibody-mediated viral neutralization, and there is a need for standardized quantitative neutralization assays. This study presents a high-throughput two-step profiling approach for identifying neutralizing convalescent plasma. Additionally, the researchers introduce a neutralizing antibody standard reagent to calibrate antibody neutralizing activity in convalescent plasma.
Article
Immunology
Benjamin D. Fowler, Nurgun Kose, Joseph X. Reidy, Laura S. Handal, Eric P. Skaar, James E. Crowe
Summary: Escherichia coli exposure or infection can lead to the production of specific antibodies. One specific antibody, ECOL-11, can induce bacterial aggregation and decrease adhesion and phagocytosis of E. coli by macrophage-like cells. However, antibody prophylaxis does not affect E. coli burden in a murine model.
INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Natasha M. Kafai, Lauren E. Williamson, Elad Binshtein, Soila Sukupolvi-Petty, Christina L. Gardner, Jaclyn Liu, Samantha Mackin, Arthur S. Kim, Nurgun Kose, Robert H. Carnahan, Ana Jung, Lindsay Droit, Douglas S. Reed, Scott A. Handley, William B. Klimstra, James E. Crowe, Michael S. Diamond
Summary: This study reveals the functional and structural mechanisms of neutralizing antibodies against Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus, and suggests the possibility of targeting multiple antigenic sites for vaccine or antibody-based therapeutic development.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Samuel Schmitz, Emily A. Schmitz, James E. Crowe, Jens Meiler
Summary: The human adaptive immune response allows for specific targeting of epitopes on pathogens. Statistical modeling of the human antibody sequence space using the degeneracy of the genetic code can result in the design of antibodies that are more human-like.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Andrea R. Shiakolas, Kevin J. Kramer, Nicole Johnson, Steven C. Wall, Naveenchandra Suryadevara, Daniel Wrapp, Sivakumar Periasamy, Kelsey A. Pilewski, Nagarajan Raju, Rachel Nargi, Rachel E. Sutton, Lauren M. Walker, Ian Setliff, James E. Crowe, Alexander Bukreyev, Robert H. Carnahan, Jason S. McLellan, Ivelin S. Georgiev
Summary: This study demonstrates that combining target-ligand blocking with B cell receptor sequencing enables the rapid and efficient identification of multiple neutralizing antibodies, potentially increasing the throughput of discovering new neutralizing antibodies.
NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Immunology
James E. Crowe
Summary: Human monoclonal antibodies are increasingly used against COVID-19, but combinations are often required to recognize diverse viral variants. Bispecific antibodies can improve the efficiency of manufacturing and delivering antibody combinations.
Correction
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Allison August, Husain Z. Attarwala, Sunny Himansu, Shiva Kalidindi, Sophia Lu, Rolando Pajon, Shu Han, Jean-Michel Lecerf, Joanne E. Tomassini, Marjie Hard, Leon M. Ptaszek, James E. Crowe, Tal Zaks
Article
Microbiology
Michael P. Doyle, Joseph R. Genualdi, Adam L. Bailey, Nurgun Kose, Christopher Gainza, Jessica Rodriguez, Kristen M. Reeder, Christopher A. Nelson, Prashant N. Jethva, Rachel E. Sutton, Robin G. Bombardi, Michael L. Gross, Justin G. Julander, Daved H. Fremont, Michael S. Diamond, James E. Crowe
Summary: Yellow fever virus (YFV) is a mosquito-borne virus that occasionally causes outbreaks of severe infection in South America and sub-Saharan Africa. Effective vaccines have been developed, but recent production and distribution issues have left many people vulnerable. This study aimed to isolate an antibody from individuals who had received the YFV vaccine for future use as a biologic drug. The most powerful antiviral antibody was found to be effective in animal models of human infection. These studies provide insights into the human immune response to YFV and offer a potential therapeutic antibody candidate for inhibiting highly virulent strains of the virus.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Liya Hu, Wilhelm Salmen, Rong Chen, Yi Zhou, Frederick Neill, James E. Crowe, Robert L. Atmar, Mary K. Estes, B. V. Venkataram Prasad
Summary: This study reveals the structure and features of human norovirus GII.4 virus-like particles using X-ray crystallography and cryo-EM. It uncovers the adaptability and stability of the capsid protein VP1, as well as its potential antigen presentation mechanism, providing valuable insights for vaccine development.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lauren E. Williamson, Abhishek Bandyopadhyay, Kevin Bailey, Devika Sirohi, Thomas Klose, Justin G. Julander, Richard J. Kuhn, James E. Crowe
Summary: This report presents cryo-electron microscopy reconstructions of three neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies against Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV), and analyzes the factors contributing to the differences in their neutralization potencies. Structural and biophysical insights are provided, which can inform the design of candidate vaccines and therapeutic antibodies for all icosahedral viruses.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Saravanan Raju, Lucas J. Adams, James T. Earnest, Kelly Warfield, Lo Vang, James E. Crowe Jr, Daved H. Fremont, Michael S. Diamond
Summary: By analyzing samples from a phase 2 clinical trial, researchers found that the PXVX0317 vaccine induced high levels of neutralizing antibodies and circulating antigen-specific B cells against chikungunya virus. Monoclonal antibodies generated from peripheral blood B cells of vaccinated individuals demonstrated potent neutralization of CHIKV and related arthritogenic alphaviruses. These findings highlight the inhibitory breadth and activity of the B cell response induced by the PXVX0317 vaccine against CHIKV and potentially other related alphaviruses.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Robert Stass, Taylor B. Engdahl, Nathaniel S. Chapman, Rachael M. Wolters, Laura S. Handal, Summer M. Diaz, James E. Crowe, Thomas A. Bowden
Summary: This study identifies a highly neutralizing human monoclonal antibody, SNV-42, that interferes with receptor recognition and fusion during hantavirus host-cell entry. Structural analysis reveals the mechanism by which SNV-42 binds to the Gn-Gc heterodimer lattice and inhibits viral infection, providing a blueprint for understanding the human neutralizing antibody response to hantavirus infection.
NATURE MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Cynthia M. McMillen, Nathaniel S. Chapman, Ryan M. Hoehl, Lauren B. Skvarca, Madeline M. Schwarz, Laura S. Handal, James E. Crowe Jr, Amy L. Hartman
Summary: The authors demonstrate in rodent models that a neutralizing monoclonal antibody can prevent vertical transmission of RVFV both before and after infection. RVFV is an emerging mosquito-transmitted virus that circulates in livestock and humans in Africa and the Middle East. The antibody reduces viral replication and provides protection against RVFV infection and vertical transmission in both dams and offspring.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Nicole Frumento, Alexis Figueroa, Tingchang Wang, Muhammad N. Zahid, Shuyi Wang, Guido Massaccesi, Georgia Stavrakis, James E. Crowe, Andrew Flyak, Hongkai Ji, Stuart C. Ray, George M. Shaw, Andrea L. Cox, Justin R. Bailey
Summary: This study investigated the development of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) in HCV-infected individuals, including those with persistent infection or spontaneous clearance of multiple reinfections. The findings showed that the breadth and potency of the antibody response increased with exposure to genetically distinct infections and longer duration of viremia. Importantly, repeated exposure to antigenically related, antibody-sensitive envelope proteins was associated with potent bNAb induction. These results suggest that a prime-boost vaccine strategy with genetically distinct, antibody-sensitive viruses could be a promising approach to inducing potent bNAbs in humans.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ronald R. Cobb, Joseph Nkolola, Pavlo Gilchuk, Abishek Chandrashekar, Jingyou Yu, Robert House, Christopher G. Earnhart, Nicole M. Dorsey, Svetlana A. Hopkins, Doris M. Snow, Rita E. Chen, Laura A. VanBlargan, Manuel Hechenblaickner, Brian Hoppe, Laura Collins, Milan T. Tomic, Genevieve H. Nonet, Kyal Hackett, James C. Slaughter, Mark G. Lewis, Hanne Andersen, Anthony Cook, Michael S. Diamond, Robert H. Carnahan, Dan H. Barouch, James E. Crowe
Summary: This study demonstrates that neutralizing antibodies with extended half-life and lacking Fc-mediated effector functions are highly effective for pre-exposure prophylaxis of SARS-CoV-2 infection in NHPs, supporting the clinical development of ADM03820 for COVID-19 prevention.