4.4 Article

Emerging monoclonal antibodies and related agents for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Journal

FUTURE ONCOLOGY
Volume 9, Issue 1, Pages 69-91

Publisher

FUTURE MEDICINE LTD
DOI: 10.2217/FON.12.157

Keywords

alemtuzumab; CD20; CD37; CD40; inotuzumab ozogamicin; lucatumumab; moxetumomab pasudotox; obinutuzumab; ofatumumab; rituximab; TRU-016

Categories

Funding

  1. Medical University of Lodz [503/1-1093-01/503-01]
  2. Foundation for the Development of Diagnostics and Therapy, Warsaw, Poland
  3. Hoffmann-La Roche
  4. GlaxoSmithKline
  5. Trubion Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
  6. MedImmune LLC.

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Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) - rituximab, ofatumumab and alemtuzumab - have been approved for use in the therapy of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Recently, a new generation of anti-CD20 mAbs has become available for preclinical studies and clinical trials. These antibodies were engineered to have augmented antitumor activity by increasing complement-dependent cytotoxicity, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and Fc-binding affinity for the low-affinity variants of the Fc gamma receptor IIIa. The most promising mAb directed against CD20 is obinutuzumab (GA-101). mAbs directed against CD22, CD37 and CD40 have also shown some activity in CLL. In addition, small modular immunopharmaceuticals - TRU-015 (anti-CD20) and TRU-016 (anti-CD37) - that retain Fc-mediated effector functions have been developed and investigated in preclinical studies and clinical trials. Antibody-drug conjugates and recombinant immunotoxins are also being evaluated in lymphoid malignancies. Further studies will elucidate the role of these agents in the treatment of CLL.

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