Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Hamza Gharsellaoui, Jihen Maazoun, Nadia Bouassida, Samir Ben Ahmed, Hanene Ben-Abdallah
Summary: This paper presents an approach to construct a reusable Software Product Line (SPL) from a set of reconfigurations for deriving real-time embedded systems. An intelligent agent automatically checks system feasibility to ensure that the SPL provides various feasible reconfigurations to meet real-time requirements.
COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Biology
Koji Yonekura, Saori Maki-Yonekura, Hisashi Naitow, Tasuku Hamaguchi, Kiyofumi Takaba
Summary: This study introduces a machine learning-based real-time object locator yoneoLocr, which can rapidly and accurately locate carbon holes and crystals, facilitating automated single particle analysis or cryo-electron crystallography data collection.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
G. Manduchi, A. Luchetta, C. Taliercio, A. Rigoni, G. Martini, R. Cavazzana, N. Ferron, P. Barbato, M. Breda, R. Capobianco, F. Molon, M. Moressa, P. Simionato, E. Zampiva
Summary: RFX-mod2 is an upgrade of RFX-mod that includes using a modified shell and mechanical structure to enhance plasma control efficiency, refurbishing plant systems and diagnostics, implementing a new Electromagnetic probe data acquisition system, and updating control and supervisory systems.
FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
A. Malige, G. Korcyl, M. Firlej, T. Fiutowski, M. Idzik, B. Korzeniak, R. Lalik, A. Misiak, A. Molenda, J. Moron, N. Rathod, P. Salabura, J. Smyrski, K. Swientek, P. Wintz
Summary: Large-scale physics experiments with high interaction rates require high-performance data acquisition systems. The PANDA experiment at FAIR is an example that uses real-time feature extraction, filtering, and high-level correlations for event selection. A firmware framework has been developed for real-time data processing and tested with the PANDA Forward Tracker prototype.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Umit Demirbaga, Zhenyu Wen, Ayman Noor, Karan Mitra, Khaled Alwasel, Saurabh Garg, Albert Y. Zomaya, Rajiv Ranjan
Summary: This article discusses a generic and flexible framework, AutoDiagn, for real-time diagnosis of performance degradation and root-cause analysis in big data systems. The framework offers holistic monitoring, high accuracy root-cause analysis, and small resource footprint, high throughput, and low latency.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTERS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Bhaskar Anand, Harish Rohan Kambhampaty, Pachamuthu Rajalakshmi
Summary: This article proposes a novel framework for efficiently streaming LiDAR data over the Internet, utilizing various stages of data processing and addressing the challenge of clock synchronization. The framework operates on the robot operating system platform, allowing users to apply processing algorithms with low latency.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Nissaf Fredj, Yessine Hadj Kacem, Mohamed Abid
Summary: Real-time and embedded systems need to adapt to runtime changes, are difficult to specify and verify, requiring high-level design and early verification. Existing runtime model-based approaches have shortcomings in managing adaptive system behavior and ensuring correctness and precision of high-level models without appropriate tool support. This study proposes an MDE-based framework using Event-B method for formal verification of resources behavior and real-time constraints, translating runtime models into Event-B specifications for correctness using Rodin platform.
JOURNAL OF SUPERCOMPUTING
(2021)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
C. I. Stuart, G. Artaserse, P. Card, I. S. Carvalho, R. Felton, S. N. Gerasimov, A. Goodyear, R. B. Henriques, D. Karkinsky, P. J. Lomas, P. McCullen, F. Rimini, A. V. Stephen, D. F. Valcarcel, J. Waterhouse, M. Wheatley
Summary: PETRA is a flexible system at JET designed to detect plasma events and trigger response handling. It not only provides protection but also supports additions and modifications to the event detector library, and has successfully demonstrated novel techniques.
FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
N. Karcher, R. Gebauer, R. Bauknecht, R. Illichmann, O. Sander
Summary: Modern physics experiments use FPGA-based real-time data acquisition systems, requiring complex calibration routines for integrated analog electronics and versatile configuration and control. SoC-FPGA solutions allow for more sophisticated configuration and calibration solutions, automatic generation of client interfaces in various programming languages, facilitating collaboration among different working groups and software integration.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Lilian R. Heil, Philip M. Remes, Jesse D. Canterbury, Ping Yip, William D. Barshop, Christine C. Wu, Michael J. MacCoss
Summary: Data-independent acquisition (DIA) mass spectrometry has become popular due to its reproducibility and quantitative rigor. However, traditional DIA methods may waste instrument time acquiring MS/MS spectra with no usable information. We developed a dynamic DIA strategy that improves quantification sensitivity without sacrificing the number of detected peptides.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mehmet Aydin
Summary: Nuclear energy, including nuclear fission and fusion, has complex environmental effects and requires careful consideration. This study examines the relationship between nuclear energy consumption, nuclear reactors, and load capacity factor in eight countries using time-domain and frequency-domain causality tests. The results differ between these tests, with the frequency-domain test revealing causal relationships in the short, intermediate, and long run, while the time-domain test showing no causal relationship. The findings suggest the need for effective policies and investments in nuclear energy and technologies to improve environmental quality.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Yunsong Xu, Steven X. Ding, Hao Luo, Shen Yin
Summary: This article presents a real-time performance recovery framework and algorithm for vision-based control systems for highly dynamic systems. The framework offers advantages in functionalized nominal controller and performance recovery, balanced image processing and performance recovery, and real-time efficiency.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Juan Segarra, Ruben Gran Tejero, Victor Villals
Summary: This paper proposes a generic WCET analysis framework to analyze data caches by utilizing reuse information, with results showing that reuse-based analysis can improve the WCET bound by around 17%. The study indicates that the ACDC cache outperforms set-associative LRU cache by 39% in terms of performance.
JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS ARCHITECTURE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Brandon Bills, William D. Barshop, Seema Sharma, Jesse Canterbury, Aaron M. Robitaille, Michael Goodwin, Michael W. Senko, Vlad Zabrouskov
Summary: Structural characterization of novel metabolites in drug discovery or metabolomics is challenging. We present a new LC/MS data acquisition strategy, Met-IQ, which automatically decides whether to perform an MSn acquisition based on the similarity between the experimental MS2 spectrum and a spectrum in a reference spectral library. This strategy significantly increases the MS2 instrument sampling rate and the number of MS2 spectra.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Chuxiong Hu, Ran Zhou, Ze Wang, Yu Zhu, Masayoshi Tomizuka
Summary: This paper proposes a novel real-time iterative compensation (RIC) control framework for achieving excellent tracking performance in precision motion systems. By accurately predicting tracking errors and applying real-time iterative compensation, the RIC method overcomes the limitations of offline feedforward compensation strategies and achieves high tracking accuracy comparable to or even better than ILC, along with strong robustness.
IEEE-CAA JOURNAL OF AUTOMATICA SINICA
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Diogo R. Ferreira, Pedro J. Carvalho, Ivo S. Carvalho, Chris Stuart, Peter J. Lomas
Summary: As JET develops and tests scenarios for higher fusion performance, an increase in pulse disruptivity is observed. Through real-time tomography and machine learning, it is found that certain radiative phenomena play an active role in determining the outcome of the pulse, particularly in the core region.
PLASMA SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
G. Birkenmeier, E. R. Solano, E. Lerche, D. Taylor, D. Gallart, M. J. Mantsinen, E. Delabie, I. S. Carvalho, P. Carvalho, E. Pawelec, J. C. Hillesheim, F. Parra Diaz, C. Silva, S. Aleiferis, J. Bernardo, A. Boboc, D. Douai, E. Litherland-Smith, R. Henriques, K. K. Kirov, C. F. Maggi, J. Mailloux, M. Maslov, F. G. Rimini, S. A. Silburn, P. Siren, H. Weisen
Summary: Experimental results at the JET tokamak facility suggest that the heating power threshold in tritium plasmas with metallic walls is inversely proportional to the isotope mass of the main ion species. Tritium showed the lowest power threshold in Ohmically heated plasmas at low density, while ion cyclotron heated plasmas of pure tritium or tritium-hydrogen mixtures had significantly higher power thresholds due to increased radiation levels. However, when considering radiated power, ion cyclotron heating showed similar power thresholds to neutral beam heating, approaching the expected scaling.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
C. Silva, E. R. Solano, J. C. Hillesheim, E. Delabie, G. Birkenmeier, L. Gil, C. Giroud, R. B. Morales, D. Nina
Summary: This study investigates the impact of divertor configuration on the L-H transition. The results show that changes in the divertor configuration significantly affect the edge perpendicular plasma flow within the separatrix. Furthermore, no critical edge flow shear required for achieving H-mode is found for different divertor configurations. The dynamics of the L-H transitions are also influenced by the divertor configuration, with divertor oscillations observed only in a specific configuration.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
B. Lomanowski, G. Rubino, A. Uccello, M. Dunne, N. Vianello, S. Aleiferis, J. Canik, I. Carvalho, G. Corrigan, L. Frassinetti, D. Frigione, L. Garzotti, M. Groth, A. Meigs, M. Maslov, C. Perez von Thun, F. Rimini, P. A. Schneider, G. Sergienko, J. Simpson, D. Van Eester, JET Contributors
Summary: The midplane electron separatrix density, n(e,sep), in JET-ILW L-mode and H-mode low triangularity deuterium fuelled plasmas is strongly influenced by the outer divertor target electron temperature, which is reproduced by an analytic model. The influence of power and momentum loss factors on ne,sep has been quantified using L-mode density ramps in different divertor configurations. The trends and recovery of n(e,sep) are also observed in simulation results using the rev-2PM formatting.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
H. J. Sun, S. A. Silburn, I. S. Carvalho, D. B. King, C. Giroud, G. Fishpool, G. F. Matthews, R. B. Henriques, D. L. Keeling, F. G. Rimini, L. Garzotti, D. Frigione, D. Van Eester, M. Groth, J. Flanagan, D. Kos, B. Viola, A. Boboc, P. Shi, M-L Mayoral, J. Mailloux, C. Maggi, A. Huber, D. Douai, N. Vianello, P. J. Lomas, M. Lennholm, M. Maslov, K. Kirov, P. Jacquet, C. G. Lowry, M. Baruzzo, C. Stuart, J. Mitchell, L. Horvath, D. C. McDonald
Summary: Unusually high power loads and cooler divertor target surfaces were observed in the recent JET tokamak tritium campaign. The scrape-off layer (SOL) features of tritium H-mode discharges in comparison to their deuterium references were studied. The tritium plasmas showed broadening of the SOL width for density and temperature profiles, as well as increased separatrix density and collisionality. Two types of SOL density profiles were observed, with majority having exponentially decaying profiles and two having near flat profiles. The findings provide evidence of the effects of enhanced cross-field SOL transport on machine operation.
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
A. Torres, B. B. Carvalho, T. Markovic, A. J. N. Batista, A. Havranek, V. Weinzettl, H. Fernandes
Summary: The COMPASS-U tokamak will have a new set of magnetic diagnostics, including sensors and data acquisition. A modular data acquisition solution with digital integration is proposed based on the ATCA platform, which allows flexibility and scalability with state-of-the-art performance. Tests on COMPASS showed that the digital integration performs well for basic control purposes even in the presence of fast events.
FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
A. Salmi, T. Tala, R. B. Morales, I Carvalho, P. J. Lomas
Summary: Strike-point sweeping technique was used for the first time in JET experiments to generate a modulated particle source for investigating plasma fuelling and particle transport in the edge region. Different sweeping frequencies were utilized and both strong and weak electron density responses were observed, presenting challenges for interpretation. An optimization framework was used to analyze the experimental data and provide new insights into these complex phenomena.
PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
G. Birkenmeier, E. R. Solano, I. S. Carvalho, J. C. Hillesheim, E. Delabie, E. Lerche, D. Taylor, D. Gallart, M. J. Mantsinen, C. Silva, C. Angioni, F. Ryter, P. Carvalho, M. Fontana, E. Pawelec, S. A. Silburn, P. Siren, S. Aleiferis, J. Bernardo, A. Boboc, D. Douai, P. Puglia, P. Jacquet, E. Litherland-Smith, I Jepu, D. Kos, H. J. Sun, A. Shaw, D. King, B. Viola, R. Henriques, K. K. Kirov, M. Baruzzo, J. Garcia, A. Hakola, A. Huber, E. Joffrin, D. Keeling, A. Kappatou, M. Lennholm, P. Lomas, E. de la Luna, C. F. Maggi, J. Mailloux, M. Maslov, F. G. Rimini, N. Vianello, G. Verdoolaege, H. Weisen, M. Wischmeier
Summary: The required heating power for accessing the H-mode in tritium containing plasmas was investigated under specific conditions. It was found that the heating power threshold varied for different isotope compositions, indicating that the effective isotope mass alone is not sufficient to describe the isotope effect. The electron temperature profiles were similar for all isotopes and mixtures, despite the significant variation in the power threshold.
PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Luisa L. Monteiro, Paulo Zoio, Bernardo B. Carvalho, Luis P. Fonseca, Cecilia R. C. Calado
Summary: This study compared the performance of a benchtop Fourier Transform (FT) NIR spectrometer and a prototype of a portable, miniaturized near-infrared spectrometer (miniNIR) in detecting and quantifying contaminants in biodiesel and biodiesel blends. The FT-NIR spectra-based PCA-LDA models accurately predicted the contaminants in biodiesel and biodiesel blends with high accuracies (75% to 95%), while the PLS regression models accurately predicted the concentration of contaminants in biodiesel and the concentration of biodiesel in diesel/biodiesel blends (coefficients of determination between 0.83 and 0.99, and low prediction errors). The miniNIR prototype's PCA-LDA models achieved good accuracies in predicting target contaminants (between 66% and 86%), and the PLS model reasonably predicted the biodiesel concentration in diesel (coefficient of determination of 0.68), indicating the device's potential for preliminary biodiesel analysis and potential cost and portability advantages for biodiesel quality control.
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
J. Karhunen, A. Holm, S. Aleiferis, P. Carvalho, M. Groth, K. D. Lawson, B. Lomanowski, A. G. Meigs, A. Shaw, V. Solokha
Summary: In this study, the roles of molecularly assisted ionization (MAI), recombination (MAR) and dissociation (MAD) reaction chains were experimentally investigated during detachment in low-confinement mode (L-mode) plasmas in JET. The experimental observations were supported by predictions from EDGE2D-EIRENE simulations. It was found that the direct contribution of MAI and MAR in the outer divertor particle balance was inferior to the electron-atom ionization (EAI) and electron-ion recombination (EIR), while the D+2-driven MAD demonstrated a strong atom source and correlated with the onset of detachment.
NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
M. Groth, V. Solokha, S. Aleiferis, S. Brezinsek, M. Brix, I. S. Carvalho, P. Carvalho, G. Corrigan, D. Harting, N. Horsten, I. Jepu, J. Karhunen, K. Kirov, B. Lomanowski, K. D. Lawson, C. Lowry, A. G. Meigs, S. Menmuir, E. Pawelec, T. Pereira, A. Shaw, S. Silburn, B. Thomas, S. Wiesen, P. Boerner, D. Borodin, S. Jachmich, D. Reiter, G. Sergienko, Z. Stancar, B. Viola, P. Beaumont, J. Bernardo, I. Coffey, N. J. Conway, E. de la Luna, D. Douai, C. Giroud, J. Hillesheim, L. Horvath, A. Huber, P. Lomas, C. F. Maggi, M. Maslov, C. Perez von Thun, S. Scully, N. Vianello, M. Wischmeier
Summary: Measurements in JET show that the plasma density needed for detaching the low-field side (LFS) divertor plasma is independent of different hydrogenic species and a deuterium-tritium mixture. This is true for the LFS divertor configuration with superior diagnostic coverage, regardless of the JET cryogenic pump status. The electron temperature (Te) at the LFS strike line decreases significantly with increasing core plasma density, reaching 2-3 eV at detachment, while the electron density (ne) peaks at the LFS plasma when Te is 1 eV and shifts to the X-point for higher core densities. Proton plasmas have a density limit approximately 20% higher than tritium and deuterium-tritium plasmas.
NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
E. R. Solano, G. Birkenmeier, C. Silva, E. Delabie, J. C. Hillesheim, A. Baciero, I. Balboa, M. Baruzzo, A. Boboc, M. Brix, J. Bernardo, C. Bourdelle, I. S. Carvalho, P. Carvalho, C. D. Challis, M. Chernyshova, A. Chomiczewska, R. Coelho, I. Coffey, T. Craciunescu, E. de la Cal, E. de la Luna, R. Dumont, P. Dumortier, M. Fontana, J. M. Fontdecaba, L. Frassinetti, D. Gallart, J. Garcia, C. Giroud, W. Gromelski, R. B. Henriques, J. Hall, A. Ho, L. D. Horton, L. Horvath, P. Jacquet, I. Jepu, E. Joffrin, A. Kappatou, D. L. Keeling, D. B. King, V. G. Kiptily, K. K. Kirov, D. Kos, E. Kowalska-Strzeciwilk, M. Lennholm, E. Lerche, E. Litherland-Smith, A. Loarte, B. Lomanowski, P. J. Lomas, C. F. Maggi, J. Mailloux, M. J. Mantsinen, M. Maslov, A. G. Meigs, I. Monakhov, R. B. Morales, A. H. Nielsen, D. Nina, C. Noble, E. Pawelec, M. Poradzinski, G. Pucella, P. Puglia, D. Refy, J. Juul Rasmussen, E. Righi, F. G. Rimini, T. Robinson, M. Sertoli, S. A. Silburn, G. Sips, P. Siren, Z. Stancar, H. J. Sun, G. Szepesi, D. Taylor, E. Tholerus, B. Thomas, G. Verdoolaege, P. Vincenzi, B. Viola, N. Vianello, T. Wilson
Summary: The recent deuterium-tritium campaign in JET-ILW has provided an opportunity to study the isotope dependence of the L-H power threshold. The results show that the value of the line averaged density at which the threshold is minimum changes as the plasma isotopic composition changes, confirming previous expectations.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ricardo Grosso Ferreira, Bernardo Brotas Carvalho, Luis Lemos Alves, Bruno Goncalves, Victor Fernandez Villace, Lionel Marraffa, Mario Lino da Silva
Summary: The European Shock Tube for High-Enthalpy Research is a cutting-edge facility developed by an international consortium led by Instituto de Plasmas e Fusao Nuclear, funded by the European Space Agency. It aims to simulate spacecraft planetary entries for future European exploration missions. Equipped with state-of-the-art diagnostics, including optical spectroscopy setups and a microwave interferometry setup, this facility is capable of high-speed flow measurements. The design choices and specifications of the main diagnostics are discussed in detail in this work.