Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Nathan A. M. Chrismas, Ro Allen, Anita L. Hollingsworth, Joe D. Taylor, Michael Cunliffe
Summary: Lichens are known symbiosis between fungi and photobionts, recent studies suggest that they may contain additional photobionts to enhance their ecological fitness. Marine lichens, living in unique ecosystems compared to terrestrial ones, remain understudied. The marine lichen Lichina pygmaea has been found to host a variety of cyanobacteria and algae, potentially aiding its survival in fluctuating intertidal conditions.
JOURNAL OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION OF THE UNITED KINGDOM
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lai Him Chow, Sammy De Grave, Ling Ming Tsang
Summary: The study on Palaemonidae reveals the complexity of symbiotic evolution, with limited evolutionary pathways due to frequent host switches. There are unresolved issues regarding the evolution of a symbiotic lifestyle, suggesting a lack of correlation between morphological adaptations and host affiliation, and a dynamic pattern of host spectrum unlinked to phylogeny. This study provides insights into the cryptic adaptations determining host spectrum and governing host switch diversification, emphasizing the complexity in the evolution of symbiosis.
MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Daniel Saatchi, Saewoong Oh, Il-Kwon Oh
Summary: Noise and environmental problems have significant impacts on human beings through various stressors. To address these issues, environmentally friendly strategies are essential, particularly in materials manufacturing. This study presents a novel biomimetic and biophilic design of a lichen-Schwarz metamaterial (SLSM) that achieves multifunctional properties in noise attenuation and humidity control. The SLSM structure mimics a biomimetic shell and meta-symbiotic exoskeleton, providing sound attenuation and humidity control capabilities for future sustainable architecture.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Evolutionary Biology
James F. Fleming, Kazuharu Arakawa
Summary: Tardigrada is a clade with disputed and complex taxonomy, and a recent molecular study proposed a new classification. Analysis of data under different conditions led to variable conclusions regarding the status of Apotardigrada, cautioning against relying solely on branch length data to determine taxonomic hierarchy.
Article
Biology
Cedric Aria
Summary: The rise of arthropods in different ecosystems has significantly impacted ecological networks. Recent discoveries of well-preserved Palaeozoic fossils have shed light on the appearance of extant arthropods during the Cambrian explosion and the role of plankton and hard integuments in their diversification. The understanding of arthropod evolution has been altered, and important questions have been raised, such as cephalic plasticity and the development of specialized appendages for suspension-feeding.
BIOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Review
Mycology
Sajeewa S. N. Maharachchikumbura, Yanpeng Chen, Hiran A. Ariyawansa, Kevin D. Hyde, Danny Haelewaters, Rekhani H. Perera, Milan C. Samarakoon, Dhanushka N. Wanasinghe, Danilo E. Bustamante, Jian-Kui Liu, Daniel P. Lawrence, Ratchadawan Cheewangkoon, Marc Stadler
Summary: Disturbances caused by human activities result in biodiversity loss and call for more effective ways to discover and delimit species. The paper reviews the main approaches used to delimit species in the phylum Ascomycota, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of each species concept. The advancement in phylogenetic methods has increased the rate of species discovery, but challenges such as gene tree heterogeneity still hinder species delimitation in low-rank phylogenies.
Article
Zoology
Robert W. Sites
Summary: This study presents the first molecular-based phylogeny for a family of the true bug infraorder Nepomorpha, providing insights into the relationships among its constituent taxa. The results reveal Naucoridae to be a monophyletic group, but identify Cheirochelinae, Naucorinae, and certain genera as polyphyletic. Additionally, two distinct subfamily-level clades were recovered from Naucorinae, and the organization of Laccocorinae was revised to include four tribe-level groups.
ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Ian D. Medeiros, Edyta Mazur, Jolanta Miadlikowska, Adam Flakus, Pamela Rodriguez-Flakus, Carlos J. Pardo-De la Hoz, Elzbieta Cieslak, Lucyna Sliwa, Francois Lutzoni
Summary: The study reveals that climate change affects the associations between mycobionts and photobionts in lichens along elevation gradients. Different species of fungi and algae are found at high and low elevations, with several new species identified. The existing molecular dataset of lichens can serve as a reference for studying the diversity and distribution of Trebouxia.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Jarod Meecham, T. Heath Ogden
Summary: Coloburiscidae consists of three living genera from Australia, New Zealand, and Chile, and this study presents the first phylogenetic analysis using extensive genomic data to resolve the evolutionary relationships within this family, revealing its monophyly.
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Jenny C. Coelho, Ethan D. Calhoun, Grant N. Calhoun, Angela Z. Poole
Summary: GTPases of Immunity-Associated Proteins (GIMAP) are small GTP-binding proteins found in various organisms. In vertebrates, they have been implicated in immune system regulation, apoptosis, and autophagy. Recent research suggests a connection between GIMAP and coral bleaching in cnidarians. This study characterized GIMAP sequences in cnidarians and revealed their distribution patterns and evolutionary significance.
GENOME BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chung-Chi Hwang, Wei-Chuan Zhou, Mang-Jye Ger, Yunhai Guo, Zhou-Xing Qian, Yen-Chieh Wang, Chi-Li Tsai, Shu-Ping Wu
Summary: By utilizing molecular phylogenetic analysis, this study investigated the evolutionary history of the land snail genus Acusta in East Asia, revealing that the recognized species in Acusta are polyphyletic and challenging previous assumptions about the colonization of East Asian islands via land bridges during the Pleistocene glaciations. The genus originated in the late Miocene-Pliocene from an area around North and Northeast China to South China and East Asian islands, leading to three major evolutionary lineages with distinct evolutionary histories.
MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Consolacion Alvarez, Manuel Brenes-Alvarez, Fernando P. Molina-Heredia, Vicente Mariscal
Summary: This study analyzed the protein changes in rice and nostoc during the early stages of symbiosis using mass spectrometry, and identified differentially expressed proteins related to signal transduction, adhesion, defense, and cell wall modification. The study also revealed new proteins activated during the early stages of the nostoc-rice symbiosis. These findings provide important insights into the symbiotic interaction between nostoc and land plants.
PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
Toby Spribille, Philipp Resl, Daniel E. Stanton, Gulnara Tagirdzhanova
Summary: This review explores the exchange of goods and services between fungus and phototroph in lichens and how it contributes to the success of both symbionts and their symbiosis. Lichen fungal symbionts have the unique characteristic of exposing most of their mycelium to an aerial environment. Phototrophs provide carbohydrates to the fungus, which are converted into specific polyols with multiple functions, including growth, respiration, and desiccation tolerance. Fungal symbionts provide protection against herbivory and light stress for phototrophs and influence fungal sex and morphogenesis. These interactions create a multiplayer marketplace that drives symbiont selection and lichen diversification.
Article
Zoology
Matthew R. Halley, Therese A. Catanach, John Klicka, Jason D. Weckstein
Summary: We studied the species limits and taxonomy of the slaty-backed nightingale-thrush Catharus fuscater (Passeriformes: Turdidae), a polytypic complex of songbirds with a broad montane distribution in Central and South America, using datasets of genetic and phenotypic characters. We found 10 allopatric populations that have evolved independently for multiple glacial cycles. Genetic structure is correlated with divergence in phenotypic characters, including plumage colour, iris colour, maxilla (bill) colour, and the acoustic structure of vocalizations. Based on our findings, we propose a taxonomic revision that recognizes seven species in the complex, including a newly described species from eastern Panama, and four subspecies, two of which are newly described.
ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Zoology
Sergio Jimenez Pinadero, Daniel Fernandez Marchan, Marta Novo, Dolores Trigo, Jorge Dominguez, Dario J. Diaz Cosin
Summary: Molecular phylogenetics has made significant contributions to earthworm taxonomy, particularly in studying the Lumbricidae genus. This study investigated Zophoscolex species and found that they do not belong to a single clade. Z. atlanticus was closely related to several other species, while other species belong to different genera.
ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY
(2022)