Review
Plant Sciences
Vibha Pandey, Ravi Kant Swami, Alka Narula
Summary: Genus Ocimum of Labiatae is well-known for its medicinal properties, particularly in the roots, which have been found to have antibacterial and antiviral activity. The health of the roots is closely tied to the rhizosphere environment, with various factors affecting overall growth. Developing safer and more productive cultivation techniques is crucial in the current ecological scenario.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Yan Wang, Feng Yang, Peng-Fei Zhu, Asaf Khan, Zhi-Ping Xie, Christian Staehelin
Summary: Efforts were made to quantify and improve the transformation efficiency of Lotus japonicus using Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated hairy root transformation. Expression of the effector gene nopP significantly increased the transformation efficiency, while other effector genes did not show the same effect. The use of A. rhizogenes LBA9402 carrying a binary vector containing DsRed1 and nopP allowed efficient formation and identification of transgenic roots.
Article
Plant Sciences
Yuekai Su, Caicai Lin, Jin Zhang, Bei Hu, Jie Wang, Jingyu Li, Shiqi Wang, Ruihao Liu, Xia Li, Zhenqiao Song, Jianhua Wang
Summary: A novel one-step hairy root regeneration method was developed for Salvia miltiorrhiza, resulting in high tanshinone content in regenerated plants. This method provides a foundation for breeding S. miltiorrhiza and sustainable development of medicinal plant resources, serving as a useful reference for the application of other species.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Minsol Choi, Ramaraj Sathasivam, Bao Van Nguyen, Nam Il Park, Sun-Hee Woo, Sang Un Park
Summary: In this study, an efficient protocol for the culture of adventitious and hairy roots of Tartary buckwheat was developed. Different concentrations of auxins were used to induce root formation. The hairy roots showed high expression of phenolic pathway genes and accumulated a greater amount of phenolic compounds compared to other root types.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Neda Tariverdizadeh, Mehdi Mohebodini, Esmaeil Chamani, Asghar Ebadi
Summary: The study showed that induction of hairy roots from fenugreek cotyledon explants using different strains of Agrobacterium rhizogenes followed by treatment with zinc oxide nanoparticles can lead to higher levels of trigonelline. The best results were obtained with the ATCC11325 strain and Zn (2x) treatment, resulting in increased fresh and dry weight of hairy roots and higher trigonelline content compared to the control group.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Huiqing Yan, Dandan Ma, Peipei Yi, Guilian Sun, Xingyan Chen, Yin Yi, Xiaolong Huang
Summary: In this study, we established a rapid and efficient hairy root transformation system in strawberry, which is suitable for promoter analysis and functional characterization of candidate genes in strawberry and other rosaceous plants.
Article
Plant Sciences
Lili Zhou, Yali Wang, Peilin Wang, Chunling Wang, Jiamin Wang, Xingfen Wang, Hongmei Cheng
Summary: This study optimized the Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated hairy root method and successfully detected CRISPR/Cas9-induced gene editing mutations in cotton. The findings provide a technical basis for functional genomics research of cotton.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Horticulture
Sook Young Lee, Haejin Kwon, Jae Kwang Kim, Chang Ha Park, Ramaraj Sathasivam, Sang Un Park
Summary: This study induced hairy roots from cotyledon explants of kimchi cabbage through Agrobacterium rhizogenes transformation. The glucosinolate and phenolic compounds in the hairy roots of two cultivars were examined under different light conditions. The highest production of hairy roots was achieved in the green kimchi cabbage under dark conditions, and the highest contents of glucosinolates and phenolic compounds were found in the green kimchi hairy roots under dark and green hairy roots under light conditions, respectively. The most important metabolite for separation was quercetin.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Galina N. Veremeichik, Dmitrii V. Bulgakov, Taisia O. Solomatina, Dmitrii S. Makhazen
Summary: Compared to other components of horizontal gene transfer in agrobacterial colonization of plants, the biological function of the agrobacterial oncogene rolA is poorly understood. Available information on this problem has been reviewed in this paper, but other rol oncogenes have been studied more extensively. Despite limited data, it is suggested that the rolA oncogene and its regulatory apparatus have great potential in plant biotechnology and genetic engineering.
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Miguel Angel Alcalde, Maren Muller, Sergi Munne-Bosch, Mariana Landin, Pedro Pablo Gallego, Mercedes Bonfill, Javier Palazon, Diego Hidalgo-Martinez
Summary: Through the study of C. asiatica hairy root cultures, we established the links between the expressions of rol and aux genes and morphological traits, hormone profile, and centelloside production. We found that abscisic acid (ABA) and cytokinin isopentenyl adenosine (IPA) play critical roles in defining the morphological traits and centelloside content.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wenfei Wu, Linhui Zhu, Pan Wang, Yuwu Liao, Lanjuan Duan, Kai Lin, Xin Chen, Lijie Li, Jiajing Xu, Hao Hu, Zeng-Fu Xu, Jun Ni
Summary: This study identified 59,948 expressed genes from major vegetative tissues of Eucalyptus through transcriptome sequencing. The key gene families involved in GA biosynthesis, degradation, and signaling were investigated and compared with other plants. Analysis of gene expression patterns showed diverse responses to abiotic stresses. Overexpression of EguGA20ox1 and EguGA20ox2 in Arabidopsis promoted vegetative growth but increased sensitivity to stress, while EguGA2ox1 overexpression enhanced stress resistance. Overexpression of EguGA20ox in Eucalyptus roots accelerated hairy root growth and improved xylem differentiation. This study provides comprehensive insights into GA metabolism and signaling genes in Eucalyptus and identifies their role in growth, stress tolerance, and xylem development, benefiting molecular breeding efforts.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Youhei Honma, Takashi Yamakawa
Summary: The GUS activities of transgenic Nicotiana plumbaginifolia hairy roots induced by sucrose were analyzed. GUS activities induced by Spo(min) were about 10 times higher than those induced by the CaMV 35S promoter. The highest GUS activities were observed in hairy roots with Spo(min)-UTR-GUS construct after 6% sucrose treatment. Hairy roots cultured in LS medium containing 6% sucrose for 20 weeks showed high GUS activities.
IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY-PLANT
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Filippo Binci, Elisabetta Offer, Andrea Crosino, Ivan Sciascia, Juergen Kleine-Vehn, Andrea Genre, Marco Giovannetti, Lorella Navazio
Summary: This study reveals that plants activate immune or symbiotic responses depending on the signals detected from root-interacting microbes. Ca2+ plays a central role as a mediator in the early signal transduction cascades. The research shows that plants exhibit dual Ca2+ responses to chitin-derived fungal elicitors, depending on the genetic backgrounds. The expression of immunity marker genes is correlated with Ca2+ changes and elicitor concentration.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yasuyuki Kawaharada, Niels Sandal, Vikas Gupta, Haojie Jin, Maya Kawaharada, Makoto Taniuchi, Hafijur Ruman, Marcin Nadzieja, Kasper R. Andersen, Korbinian Schneeberger, Jens Stougaard, Stig U. Andersen
Summary: Forward and reverse genetics using model legumes have played a key role in identifying genes governing legume-rhizobia symbiosis. This study used QTL-seq to investigate the genetic basis of differential responses shown by Lotus accessions to inoculation with a specific mutant strain of Mesorhizobium loti, identifying Pxy as a key gene involved in the response.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Yaqi Qin, Dan Wang, Jiaxin Fu, Zhike Zhang, Yonghua Qin, Guibing Hu, Jietang Zhao
Summary: In this study, a rapid and efficient transformation system using A. rhizogenes strain MSU440 was established for gene function analysis in litchi hairy roots by optimizing parameters. The system was successfully used to study the function of the key anthocyanin regulatory gene LcMYB1 in litchi, showing higher contents of anthocyanins, proanthocyanins, and flavonols in the over-expressed LcMYB1 hairy roots.
Review
Forestry
Ana I. Ribeiro-Barros, Katharina Pawlowski, Jose C. Ramalho
Summary: This mini-review provides an overview of salt-stress tolerance in the Casuarinaceae family, focusing on the contribution of root-nodule and arbuscular mycorrhizal symbioses, as well as related eco-physiological and molecular changes.
JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Alexey S. Kiryushkin, Elena L. Ilina, Elizaveta D. Guseva, Katharina Pawlowski, Kirill N. Demchenko
Summary: CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome editing and hairy root transformation are fast and effective methods for studying plant gene function. This review outlines the recent advances achieved by combining these techniques and discusses the origins of hairy root transformation strains, components of CRISPR/Cas vectors, and the application of CRISPR/Cas genome editing in hairy roots. Additionally, a method for modifying a known vector is described.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marco Guedes Salgado, Irina Demina, Pooja Jha Maity, Anurupa Nagchowdhury, Andrea Caputo, Elizaveta Krol, Christoph Loderer, Gunther Muth, Anke Becker, Katharina Pawlowski
Summary: Datisca glomerata is an actinorhizal plant that forms root nodules in symbiosis with actinobacteria. In this study, a highly expressed gene family encoding nodule-specific defensin-like peptides was investigated. The results showed that the defensin domain of DgDef1 has cytotoxic effects and can induce the expression of oxidative stress-related genes. These findings suggest that nodule-specific defensin-like peptides were part of the original toolkit for root nodule formation and have been maintained in actinorhizal lineages.
Article
Plant Sciences
Isabel Fernandes, Octavio S. Paulo, Isabel Marques, Indrani Sarjkar, Arnab Sen, Ines Graca, Katharina Pawlowski, Jose C. Ramalho, Ana Ribeiro-Barros
Summary: Climate change and population growth are degrading natural ecosystems worldwide. Pioneer trees, such as N-2-fixing actinorhizal trees, can help reverse this situation. This study analyzed the transcriptome of Casuarina glauca's photosynthetic organs to understand the molecular mechanisms of salt stress tolerance. The results showed that C. glauca has a robust stress response system and constitutive defense mechanisms.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alessandro Cabianca, Andrea Caroline Ruthes, Katharina Pawlowski, Paul Dahlin
Summary: This study investigates the role of the tomato sterol C-22 desaturase gene CYP710A11 in response to infection by the root parasitic nematode M. incognita. The results show that the suppression of CYP710A11 expression may be a defense response of the plant against the nematode, but the lack of stigmasterol does not seem to affect the nematode's development.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Fede Berckx, Cyndi Mae Bandong, Daniel Wibberg, Jorn Kalinowski, Joost Willemse, Andreas Brachmann, Jessica Simbahan, Katharina Pawlowski
Summary: A novel species of Streptomyces, named Streptomyces coriariae sp. nov., was isolated from the root nodules of a Coriaria intermedia plant along Halsema Highway in Luzon, Philippines. The strain CMB-FB showed high sequence similarity to several known Streptomyces species based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The isolate also displayed characteristic features such as major menaquinones, polar lipid profile, diagnostic diamino acid of the peptidoglycan, and major fatty acids.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julia Shumilina, Alexey S. Kiryushkin, Nadezhda Frolova, Valeria Mashkina, Elena L. Ilina, Vera A. Puchkova, Katerina Danko, Svetlana Silinskaya, Evgeny B. Serebryakov, Alena Soboleva, Tatiana Bilova, Anastasia Orlova, Elizaveta D. Guseva, Egor Repkin, Katharina Pawlowski, Andrej Frolov, Kirill N. Demchenko
Summary: The main role of RALF small signaling peptides is to control the alkalization of the apoplast for nutrient absorption improvement. However, the specific function of individual RALF peptides such as RALF34 is still unknown. In this study, we used cucumber transgenic hairy roots overexpressing CsRALF34 to investigate its role in the regulatory pathway. The results showed that CsRALF34 overexpression inhibited root growth and regulated cell proliferation, specifically blocking the G2/M transition in cucumber roots. We propose that CsRALF34 modulates ROS homeostasis and triggers controlled production of hydroxyl radicals, possibly associated with intracellular signal transduction.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexey S. Kiryushkin, Elena L. Ilina, Elizaveta D. Guseva, Katharina Pawlowski, Kirill N. Demchenko
Summary: This study aimed to understand the signaling induced by RALF34 in cucumber. The expression of CsRALF34 was observed in all plant organs, and unlike AtRALF34, its expression was not regulated by auxin. CsTHESEUS1 showed constitutive expression in cucumber root tissues. The results suggest that CsRALF34 acts in a non-cell-autonomous manner and is not involved in lateral root initiation in cucumber.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yingting Xu, Yingchao Xu, Zhengwan Huang, Yucai Luo, Ruanling Gao, Jinghua Xue, Changli Lin, Katharina Pawlowski, Zhongyu Zhou, Xiaoyi Wei
Summary: In this study, three undescribed 3-pentanol glycosides were isolated and identified from the root nodules of Alnus cremastogyne. It was found that 3-pentanol glycosides were abundantly distributed in root nodules, but in low/zero levels in stems, roots, leaves, and fruits. The treatment of A. cremastogyne plants with root nodule suspension resulted in the emission of 3-pentanol. This study provides valuable information on specialized metabolites in the actinorhizal host and the signal exchange in the actinorhizal symbiosis between A. cremastogyne and Frankia.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Elena V. V. Tyutereva, Anna A. A. Dalinova, Kirill N. N. Demchenko, Valeriya A. A. Dmitrieva, Vsevolod R. R. Dubovik, Yuriy V. V. Lukinskiy, Galina V. V. Mitina, Olga V. V. Voitsekhovskaja, Alexander Berestetskiy
Summary: This study investigated the effects of two ten-membered lactones on different plants and found that these toxins caused leaf damage, decreased pigment content, and electrolyte leakage. Additionally, these compounds also affected mitochondrial membrane potential and cell division. The results of this study revealed the mechanisms of action of these phytotoxic macrolides.
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
Andrea Genre, Katharina Pawlowski, Sabine Dagmar Zimmermann, Sergio Saia
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Ecology
Marina A. Romanova, Valentina V. Domashkina, Anastasiia I. Maksimova, Katharina Pawlowski, Olga V. Voitsekhovskaja
Summary: Recent advances in plant developmental genetics and transcriptomic data accumulation provide an exciting opportunity to explore the evolution of plant morphology. This study combines molecular and structural data to understand leaf origin in different plant lineages and addresses various aspects of leaf development and morphology. The data suggests that leaf initiation patterns correlate with shoot apical meristem (SAM) structure, while later stages of leaf development are not correlated with SAM structure or taxonomy. The study also discusses the expression of leaf development regulators and proposes a potential co-option of sporangium developmental program for the origin of microphylls and euphylls.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)