Article
Evolutionary Biology
Kristien Brans, Rafaela A. Almeida, Maxime Fajgenblat
Summary: Urbanization has been found to affect the evolution of pesticide resistance in aquatic organisms, with urban water fleas showing higher survival rates under pesticide exposure compared to rural counterparts. The study suggests that urban water fleas likely adapt to pesticide pollution, which may enhance their population persistence in urban ponds.
EVOLUTIONARY APPLICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Lore Bulteel, Shira Houwenhuyse, Steven A. J. Declerck, Ellen Decaestecker
Summary: The gut microbiome does not play a role in Daphnia tolerance upon parasite re-exposure, but affects parasite-specific responses. The host genotype influences parasite-induced host mortality and also structures the gut microbial community.
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Haksoo Jeong, Young Hwan Lee, Alaa El -Din H. Sayed, Chang-Bum Jeong, Bingsheng Zhou, Jae-Seong Lee, Eunjin Byeon
Summary: This study investigated the effects of microplastics and chromium on the freshwater organism Daphnia magna. The results showed significant deleterious effects and acute toxicity in Daphnia magna exposed to microplastics, chromium, and their combination. Oxidative stress alterations were observed, and the interaction between microplastics and chromium was indicated. In addition, microplastic exposure led to changes in enzyme activities and mitochondrial transcription dysfunction induced by chromium.
AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Maria Paula Carrillo, Marina Sevilla, Marta Casado, Benjamin Pin, Victor Matamoros, Maria Vila-Costa, Carlos Barata
Summary: Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) effluents are significant sources of antibiotics, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and resistant bacteria, posing threats to aquatic biota and human health. This study explores the impact of the antibiotic doxycycline on the microbiome of Daphnia magna in lab water and treated wastewater media. The results indicate that doxycycline and the media significantly influence the composition of the Daphnia-associated microbiome, with notable changes in Enterococcus spp. Furthermore, doxycycline reduces the presence of Limnohabitans sp. and impairs Daphnia reproduction in lab water, while treated wastewater increases microbiome diversity, richness, and promotes fecundity. The study also detects various ARG genes, including qnrS1, sul1, and blaTEM, with a higher abundance in treated wastewater compared to lab water.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lucia Guilhermino, Alexandra Martins, Sara Cunha, Jose O. Fernandes
Summary: The study found that microplastics (MPs) have long-term toxicity to Daphnia magna, causing mortality, reduced growth and reproduction, and impacting the population growth rate, with effects influenced by light intensity and water temperature; the interaction between MPs and different environmental conditions varied in their effects on population growth rate.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Entomology
Anabel Millan-Leiva, Oscar Marin, Pilar De la Rua, Irene Munoz, Anastasia Tsagkarakou, Heather Eversol, Krisztina Christmon, Dennis VanEngelsdorp, Joel Gonzalez-Cabrera
Summary: Managed honey bees have suffered severe seasonal losses due to Varroa destructor parasitism and the evolution of resistance to acaricides. The resistance is associated with specific mutations in a voltage-gated sodium channel, with independent origins of resistant alleles in Europe and the USA. The uncontrolled trading of parasitized honey bees may also play a significant role in spreading resistant alleles globally.
JOURNAL OF PEST SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ran Wang, Qinghe Zhang, Xuan Zhou, Mi Zhang, Qingyi Yang, Qi Su, Chen Luo
Summary: This study investigated the resistance to afidopyropen in a field-developed population of B. tabaci. The results showed significant resistance and cross-resistance to afidopyropen in the resistant population. It was also found that there were fitness costs associated with afidopyropen resistance. The study suggests that rotating afidopyropen with other chemical control agents could be an effective strategy to mitigate resistance in B. tabaci.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Camille Ameline, Yann Bourgeois, Felix Voegtli, Eevi Savola, Jason Andras, Jan Engelstaedter, Dieter Ebert
Summary: During epidemics of a virulent bacterial pathogen, the proportion of resistant phenotypes in a natural host population increased significantly due to selection from the local parasite. A genetic model was built through genome-wide association study, identifying two genomic regions controlling resistance polymorphism in the host with dominance and epistasis. The findings underscore the importance of epistatic effects in host-parasite coevolution, particularly in the Red Queen model for the evolution of genetic recombination.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Review
Ecology
Rosie Mangan, Luc F. Bussiere, Ricardo Antonio Polanczyk, Matthew C. Tinsley
Summary: Microbial biopesticides containing living parasites are valuable technologies against insect pests, but their susceptibility to resistance evolution is a concern. The fitness of resistance alleles depends on parasite identity and environmental conditions, suggesting a sustainable approach to resistance management through landscape diversification. To mitigate resistance risks, increasing the range of available biopesticides and promoting crop heterogeneity in agricultural landscapes are necessary.
TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Jennifer D. Noonan, Robin N. Beech
Summary: Neurotransmission is a crucial target for anthelmintic drugs and can be studied by reconstituting receptors in Xenopus laevis oocytes. The inability to reconstitute the N-AChR of Brugia malayi, a filarial parasite, suggests changes have occurred between Ascaris suum and Brugia. Characterizing N-AChRs of intermediate species revealed a progressive decrease in response to acetylcholine, indicating an issue with receptor synthesis in oocytes. Addition of accessory proteins allowed a small B. malayi N-AChR response, indicating its increasing dependence on these proteins for production.
Article
Ecology
Juliana Jiranek, Amanda Gibson
Summary: Resistance to parasites confers a fitness advantage, but there is variation in resistance among hosts in natural populations. The cost of resistance may vary with environmental context, and our study with Caenorhabditis elegans and its microsporidian parasite Nematocida ironsii supports this idea. We found that the cost of resistance varied with diet and the measure of fitness, providing evidence that environmental context can influence resistance evolution.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shandong Meng, Tam T. Tran, Khuong Van Dinh, Vienna Delnat, Robby Stoks
Summary: The toxicity of pesticides can be modulated by warming, with acute warming increasing pesticide toxicity more than developmental and transgenerational warming. Including ecologically relevant temporal scenarios of exposure to warming is important in ecotoxicological studies.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
J. H. Pantel, J. M. T. Engelen, L. De Meester
Summary: This study investigates niche use and co-occurrence patterns along an urbanization gradient. The results show that most species have conserved niche positions from rural to urban areas, but the niches of species occurring in both areas are partly unfilled in urban populations. Niche overlap is an important predictor of species co-occurrence. Urbanization has damaging effects on biodiversity, benefiting generalist species and making it difficult for species to occupy available niche space.
Article
Ecology
Lynn Govaert, Jelena H. Pantel, Luc De Meester
Summary: Ecological and evolutionary processes can occur simultaneously and influence each other. Existing metrics mainly address temporal dynamics, but are not suitable for spatial studies. Therefore, modifications to these metrics are needed to quantitatively measure the contributions of ecological and evolutionary factors to trait changes in populations and communities across spatial locations.
ECOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Ying-Jie Wang, Nedim Tuzun, Arnaud Sentis, Robby Stoks
Summary: Warming and eutrophication have negative impacts on freshwater ecosystems by altering trophic interactions. Experimental results show that warming and turbidity affect predator and prey differently in high-latitude and low-latitude environments, influencing system stability in various water conditions. Studies suggest that thermal plasticity and evolution may play a role in shaping trophic system stability under warming, particularly in turbid waters.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Elena Piano, Dries Bonte, Luc De Meester, Frederik Hendrickx
Summary: Changes in species richness are influenced by changes in species abundance distribution, individual density, and spatial aggregation. The effects of human disturbance on these diversity components at different spatial scales and their interactions with species traits, such as dispersal capacity, are poorly understood.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mengjie Chang, Mingyang Li, Wencheng Xu, Xin Li, Jian Liu, Robby Stoks, Chao Zhang
Summary: This study found that temperature fluctuations and multigenerational exposure have significant impacts on the ecological risk assessment of microplastics. Microplastics had no effects on Daphnia under standard temperature conditions, but increased fecundity, heat tolerance, energy storage, cytochrome P450 activity, and decreased energy consumption under increased mean temperature or temperature fluctuations, indicating a hormesis effect. The study highlights the importance of considering temperature fluctuations and multigenerational exposure to improve the ecological risk assessment of microplastics under global warming.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Ying-Jie Wang, Nedim Tuezuen, Luc De Meester, Heidrun Feuchtmayr, Arnaud Sentis, Robby Stoks
Summary: Species can adapt to warming through rapid evolution and plastic responses. In this study, we investigated the rapid evolution of thermal performance curves (TPCs) for multiple traits in the water flea Daphnia magna through a 2-year experimental evolution trial. The results showed that heat-selected Daphnia exhibited evolutionary shifts in TPCs for survival, fecundity, and population growth rate towards higher optimum temperatures, indicating a better ability to maintain fitness at high temperatures. However, there was no evolution observed in TPCs for somatic growth, mass, and development rate, as well as energy gain and cost-related traits.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Charlotte Theys, Julie Verheyen, Vienna Delnat, Lizanne Janssens, Nedim Tuzun, Robby Stoks
Summary: Integrating life-history, physiological, and behavioral traits into the pace-of-life helps understand trait variation in nature. This study provides evidence for the contribution of the gut microbiome to the latitudinal differentiation in both the pace-of-life and heat adaptation in damselfly larvae populations. The gut microbiome composition showed an adaptive latitude-specific shift under heat wave exposure.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Julie Verheyen, Kiani Cuypers, Robby Stoks
Summary: Ecotoxicological studies have made significant progress in assessing the toxicity of pollutants at different temperatures, but they often overlook the interaction patterns between pollutants and temperature. Through laboratory experiments, this study found that the impact of the pesticide chlorpyrifos on Ischnura elegans damselfly larvae varied across different mean temperatures and daily temperature fluctuations. The physiological traits of the larvae were negatively affected by chlorpyrifos at high or extreme high temperatures, with the impact being stronger at lower mean temperatures when daily temperature fluctuations were present. Overall, it highlights the importance of evaluating pesticide toxicity along a temperature gradient and taking a mechanistic approach to understand the combined effects of pollutants and temperature in natural populations.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sarah Jorissen, Lizanne Janssens, Julie Verheyen, Robby Stoks
Summary: In order to improve the ecological risk assessment of aquatic pollutants, it is important to study their effects not only on aquatic larvae, but also on terrestrial adults with a complex life cycle. Through our research on damselflies, we found that exposure to the pesticide DNP and limited food availability had negative effects on the life history, behavior, and physiology of both larvae and adults. The negative effects of DNP were magnified by food limitation, particularly in terms of survival-related traits in the non-exposed adults.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Julie Verheyen, Robby Stoks
Summary: Ecotoxicological studies have traditionally neglected the effects of temperature fluctuations on the toxicity of pollutants. This study investigated the combined effects of pesticide exposure and daily temperature fluctuations on the thermal performance curves of damselfly larvae. The findings suggest that temperature fluctuations can exacerbate the toxic effects of pesticides on survival.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Philippe Lambret, Martin Jeanmougin, Robby Stoks
Summary: Freshwater insects, specifically the Lestes macrostigma damselfly, have declined significantly in recent decades. Understanding its larval ecological requirements is essential for conservation management and habitat restoration.
JOURNAL OF INSECT CONSERVATION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Charlotte Theys, Julie Verheyen, Lizanne Janssens, Nedim Tuezuen, Robby Stoks
Summary: This study investigated the effects of dual stressors on damselfly larvae, focusing on their life history, physiology, and gut microbiome composition. The results showed that both heat waves and pesticides had negative impacts on the larvae's growth and gut microbiome, with different effects observed in two species of damselflies.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Gemma Palomar, Guillaume Wos, Robby Stoks, Szymon Sniegula
Summary: Many species are adapting to cities at different latitudes, with eco-evolutionary changes in response to temperature and invasive species. In this study, damselfly populations were studied to understand how they respond to increased temperatures and an invasive predator, with differences observed between central and high latitudes. Urbanization type and temperature had an impact on damselfly traits, but these effects were dependent on latitude and sex. Our findings highlight the context-dependency of responses to urbanization and caution against generalizing findings from a single latitude population.
EVOLUTIONARY APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Janne Swaegers, Simon De Cupere, Noah Gaens, Lesley T. Lancaster, Jose A. Carbonell, Rosa A. Sanchez Guillen, Robby Stoks
Summary: Due to global change, many species are experiencing new thermal conditions at the moving range edges. Plasticity and epigenetic mechanisms play a role in helping species adapt to these new environments. The damselfly Ischnura elegans exhibited plastic thermal responses in the new edge populations and constitutively evolved higher heat tolerance in the old edge populations, with the involvement of epigenetic mechanisms.