Journal
FUEL CELLS
Volume 13, Issue 6, Pages 1213-1225Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/fuce.201300006
Keywords
Gas Diffusion Electrode; Liquid Water Front; Mathematical Model; Membrane Electrode Assembly; PEM Fuel Cell; Pseudo-Phase Equilibrium Approach; Water Management
Categories
Funding
- Ministry of Education
- National Council of the Republic of China [NSC101-2221-E-155-046]
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One-dimensional model on the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) of proton exchange membrane fuel cell is proposed, where the membrane hydration/dehydration and the possible water flooding of the respective cathode and anode gas diffusion layers are considered. A novel approach of phase-equilibrium approximation is proposed to trace the water front and the detailed saturation profile once water emerges in either anode or cathode gas diffusion layer. The approach is validated by a semi-analytical method published earlier. The novel approach is applicable to the polarization regime from open circuit voltage to the limiting current density under practical operation conditions. Oxygen diffusion is limited by water accumulation in the cathode gas diffusion layer as current increases, caused by excessive water generation at the cathode catalyst layer and the electro-osmotic drag across the membrane. The existence of liquid water in the anode gas diffusion layer is predicted at low current densities if high degrees of humidification in both anode and cathode feeds are employed. The influences of inlet relative humidity, imposed pressure drop, and cell temperature are correlated well with the cell performance. In addition, the overpotentials attributed from individual components of the MEA are delineated against the cell current densities.
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