Article
Thermodynamics
Ruijiao Yu, Hang Guo, Hao Chen, Fang Ye
Summary: Gas diffusion layer and catalyst layer are crucial components in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell. The parameters of gas diffusion layer porosity, platinum, carbon, and ionomer inside the catalyst layer significantly affect the cell's output performance. These parameters have a strong interaction with each other due to the correlation between mass transfer and electrochemical reaction rate. By optimizing these parameters simultaneously using a 3D agglomerate model, the cell's performance can be improved, and the current density can be increased by at least 9.1%.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Liang Chen, Rui Lin, Mingyu Lou, Kai Lu
Summary: This work proposes a novel strategy to improve the durability of PEMFCs by preparing a wavy microporous layer on the gas diffusion layer (GDL). The wavy-GDL exhibits high structural stability and transfers the corrosion region from the microporous layer to the macroporous substrate, effectively mitigating carbon corrosion. This finding is valuable for promoting carbon corrosion mitigation strategy in other devices.
Article
Thermodynamics
Yang Yu, Sheng Chen, Yuanhao Wu
Summary: This study investigates the feasibility of using 2D cross-sectional data to predict 3D gas diffusion layer (GDL) flow information using volume of fluid calculation and convolutional neural network model. The results show that 2D GDL cross-sectional images can accurately predict GDL saturation in 3D and significantly reduce computational costs.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Amir Panahi, Abbas Ghasemi, Xianguo Li
Summary: This study investigates the interaction of particulate matter (PM) in the gas stream and their capture efficiency by fibrous structure of gas diffusion layers (GDLs) at different levels of relative humidity (RH) and particle sizes. It is found that high humidity levels result in higher diameter and lower density of PM, leading to lower air density and particle bounce. The increase in humidity level decreases capture efficiency for small particles but increases it for large particles, highlighting the importance of installing a filter for removing large particles in the reactant gas supply line to prevent PM accumulation in GDL structure.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Bifeng Yin, Sheng Xu, Shuangyu Yang, Fei Dong
Summary: A new elliptical groove gas diffusion layer (GDL) using a three-dimensional model is proposed to improve the transport properties of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), with significant effects on water diffusion and transport behavior. The presence of the elliptical groove greatly accelerates the flow rate of reactants and products, while different shape parameters impact the water and oxygen mass fractions in the GDL. The depth, radius, width, and spacing of the elliptical groove all play a role in affecting the water mass fraction, with specific optimal values leading to the lowest water mass fraction.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Rui Jiao Yu, Hang Guo, Hao Chen, Fang Ye
Summary: Porosity is a key parameter affecting the performance of gas diffusion layer in fuel cells. Non-uniform distribution of porosity can better simulate real structure and change cell performance. An optimized three-segment distribution of porosity in anode and cathode sides along three directions at different voltages was explored using a 3D, two-phase agglomerate model, and the reasons for these results at 0.2V, 0.6V and 0.8V were analyzed. The results show that as voltage increases, the average optimal porosity decreases and the porosity increases from inlet to outlet and along width direction. The reaction rate is influenced by reactant content and charge transfer at different regions depending on the voltage.
JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Tien-Fu Yang, Ching-Yi Hsueh, Bo-Lin Chen, Wen-Ken Li, Wei-Mon Yan
Summary: This study focuses on the effects of manufacturing processes and fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) content on the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC), with findings showing that carbon black types, humidification temperature, and FEP content in carbon paper have significant impacts on the cell performance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zhicheng Liu, Li Zhou, Yanyan Gao, Manman Qi, Haiping Chen, Ming Hou, Zhigang Shao
Summary: A novel hydrophilic-modified gas diffusion layer (GDL) with Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) has been fabricated to improve the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) under low humidity. The addition of PAN in the cathode GDL significantly increases the power density by 30% under low humidity, without affecting the performance under full humidity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Engineering, Manufacturing
Chuan Xu Luo, Hui Leng Choo, Hafisoh Ahmad, Praveena Nair Sivasankaran
Summary: Fuel cell technology, especially proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells, has emerged as a promising alternative to fossil fuel energy in electric vehicle and mobile power generation fields. Among the key components of PEM fuel cells, the gas diffusion layer (GDL) plays a significant role in distributing reagents, managing water, conducting current and supporting the catalyst layer (CL). This paper provides an analysis of the materials and fabrication technologies of GDL. It covers the main materials used in macroporous substrate (MPS) and microporous layer (MPL), as well as the advanced manufacturing methods. It also briefly discusses the materials and manufacturing processes of bipolar plates (BPP) and catalyst layers (CL), while proposing future research directions.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART B-JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MANUFACTURE
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Manli Wang, Ming Hou, Yanyan Gao, Haiping Chen, Bo Lv, Wei Song, Zhigang Shao
Summary: A novel substrate-free microporous layer (sfMPL) has been prepared, which extends the usable humidity range of PEMFCs and improves performance. The maximum power density of a single-cell assembled by sfMPL is 36.6% higher than that with conventional methods.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Gaojian Chen, Qian Xu, Jin Xuan, Jianguo Liu, Qian Fu, Weidong Shi, Huaneng Su, Lei Xing
Summary: Gas diffusion layers play a critical role in proton exchange membrane fuel cells, and non-uniform deformation can lead to changes in the physical properties of the layers, affecting cell performance. Balancing the degree of deformation in gas diffusion layers can optimize cell performance.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xinyuan Wang, Yu-Ting Liu, Xiao-Fang Zhang, Hongyan Song, Gang-Ping Wu
Summary: This study systematically investigates the impact of the microporous layer (MPL) on the mass transfer of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) and finds that gas diffusion layers (GDLs) prepared with Acetylene Black (ACET) exhibit the best performance, with excellent water/gas transportation capacity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xin Shi, Daokuan Jiao, Zhiming Bao, Kui Jiao, Wenmiao Chen, Zhi Liu
Summary: This study investigates the effects of crack properties in the micro porous layer (MPL) on liquid water saturation, liquid pathway formation, and two-phase mass transport mechanism in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) using a three-dimensional volume of fluid (VOF) model. The results show that the overlap between MPL and gas diffusion layer (GDL) determines the preferred liquid emerging port, while the crack shape has little influence on the liquid water transport.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Chongxue Zhao, Haihang Zhang, Zheng Huang, Meng Zhao, Haiming Chen, Guangyi Lin
Summary: In this paper, we report the preparation of a gas diffusion layer (GDL) with different gradient pore size structures. The effects of the two-stage microporous layers (MPL) and the different pore size structures on the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) were investigated. The GDL showed outstanding conductivity and good hydrophobicity. Introducing a pore-making agent altered the pore size distribution of the GDL and increased the capillary pressure difference within the GDL.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yange Yang, Xiang Li, Fumin Tang, Pingwen Ming, Bing Li, Cunman Zhang
Summary: Recent research has shown that the degradation of the anode gas diffusion layer has a significant impact on the output power density of fuel cell stacks. This degradation is mainly due to carbon corrosion, which reduces mechanical strength, support capacity, and hydrophobicity of the layer. The decrease in hydrophobicity leads to increased water retention capacity and decreased back diffusion of cathode water.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Parham Rohani, Soham Banerjee, Soroosh Sharifi-Asl, Mohammad Malekzadeh, Reza Shahbazian-Yassar, Simon J. L. Billinge, Mark T. Swihart
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2019)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yifei Yuan, Kun He, Bryan W. Byles, Cong Liu, Khalil Amine, Jun Lu, Ekaterina Pomerantseva, Reza Shahbazian-Yassar
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shatila Sarwar, Amit Nautiyal, Jonathan Cook, Yifei Yuan, Junhao Li, Sunil Uprety, Reza Shahbazian-Yassar, Ruigang Wang, Minseo Park, Michael J. Bozack, Xinyu Zhang
SCIENCE CHINA-MATERIALS
(2020)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Tara Foroozan, Vitaliy Yurkiv, Soroosh Sharifi-Asl, Ramin Rojaee, Farzad Mashayek, Reza Shahbazian-Yassar
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2019)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
L. M. Silva, D. S. Menezes, S. Narayanan, T. Shokuhfar, R. Shahbazian-Yassar, G. M. L. Dalmonico, J. Werckmann, M. Farina, E. A. dos Santos
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2020)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Xianyong Wu, Shen Qiu, Yunkai Xu, Lu Ma, Xuanxuan Bi, Yifei Yuan, Tianpin Wu, Reza Shahbazian-Yassar, Jun Lu, Xiulei Ji
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mohammadreza Esmaeilirad, Alireza Kondori, Boao Song, Andres Ruiz Belmonte, Jialiang Wei, Kamil Kucuk, Shubhada Mahesh Khanvilkar, Erin Efimoff, Wei Chen, Carlo U. Segre, Reza Shahbazian-Yassar, Mohammad Asadi
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Chuangang Hu, Lele Gong, Ying Xiao, Yifei Yuan, Nicholas M. Bedford, Zhenhai Xia, Lu Ma, Tianpin Wu, Yi Lin, John W. Connell, Reza Shahbazian-Yassar, Jun Lu, Khalil Amine, Liming Dai
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yong Yang, Boao Song, Xiang Ke, Feiyu Xu, Krassimir N. Bozhilov, Liangbing Hu, Reza Shahbazian-Yassar, Michael R. Zachariah
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Soroosh Sharifi-Asl, Vitaliy Yurkiv, Arturo Gutierrez, Meng Cheng, Mahalingam Balasubramanian, Farzad Mashayek, Jason Croy, Reza Shahbazian-Yassar
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
David J. Banner, Emre Firlar, Justas Jakubonis, Yusuf Baggia, Jodi K. Osborn, Reza Shahbazian-Yassar, Constantine M. Megaridis, Tolou Shokuhfar
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yonggang Yao, Zhennan Huang, Tangyuan Li, Hang Wang, Yifan Liu, Helge S. Stein, Yimin Mao, Jinlong Gao, Miaolun Jiao, Qi Dong, Jiaqi Dai, Pengfei Xie, Hua Xie, Steven D. Lacey, Ichiro Takeuchi, John M. Gregoire, Rongzhong Jiang, Chao Wang, Andre D. Taylor, Reza Shahbazian-Yassar, Liangbing Hu
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yonggang Yao, Zhenyu Liu, Pengfei Xie, Zhennan Huang, Tangyuan Li, David Morris, Zou Finfrock, Jihan Zhou, Miaolun Jiao, Jinlong Gao, Yimin Mao, Jianwei (John) Miao, Peng Zhang, Reza Shahbazian-Yassar, Chao Wang, Guofeng Wang, Liangbing Hu
Article
Electrochemistry
Vitaliy Yurkiv, Tara Foroozan, Ajaykrishna Ramasubramanian, Marco Ragone, Reza Shahbazian-Yassar, Farzad Mashayek
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2020)
Review
Electrochemistry
Meng Cheng, Ramasubramonian Deivanayagam, Reza Shahbazian-Yassar
BATTERIES & SUPERCAPS
(2020)