Article
Thermodynamics
Luis Tipanluisa, Kartikkumar Thakkar, Natalia Fonseca, Jose-Maria Lopez
Summary: This study investigates the impact of diesel/n-butanol blends as drop-in fuel in a heavy-duty diesel engine. The results show that increasing n-butanol content in the blend leads to an increase in maximum in-cylinder pressure and heat release rate, but a slight decrease in in-cylinder temperature. Furthermore, the addition of n-butanol reduces particle and CO emissions, but increases THC and NOX emissions.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ruinan Yang, Zhongnan Ran, Rodrigo Ristow Hadlich, Dimitris Assanis
Summary: This paper presents a computational model of a compression ignition engine with single-fuel RCCI and Wiebe function. By fitting experimental data, the accuracy of the model was verified. The results show that using reformate fuel in RCCI strategy can improve fuel conversion efficiency.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESOURCES TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Zhentao Liu, Jinlong Liu
Summary: Plateau diesel engines suffer from increased fuel consumption and deteriorating emissions due to combustion worsening inside the chamber. Limited research has been done on the effect of altitude on the combustion process, hindering the optimization of high-altitude engines. This study used zero-dimensional modeling to analyze the influence of altitude on diesel engine combustion. The results showed that altitude lengthens the ignition delay, extends the duration of the premixed combustion stage, and reduces the diesel mass burned in the main mixing-controlled combustion phase. High altitude operation also increases energy release and prolongs the duration of the late combustion phase, resulting in reduced thermal and combustion efficiency. The engine phasing remains unchanged with increasing altitude, suggesting that it is the combustion degradation causing the reduction in power output.
JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xinlei Liu, Hammam Aljabri, Mickael Silva, Abdullah S. AlRamadan, Moez Ben Houidi, Emre Cenker, Hong G. Im
Summary: The combustion of hydrogen in engines produces few harmful emissions, with the exception of nitric oxides (NOx), which can be reduced under lean-burn conditions. This study investigated the feasibility of hydrogen pre-chamber combustion in a heavy-duty diesel engine using CFD modeling. The results showed that the pre-chamber combustion effectively controlled heat release and reduced NOx emissions, but also decreased complete combustion and combustion stability. The engine operating range could be extended by introducing fuel into the pre-chamber and adjusting the pre-chamber throat diameter to control the pressure rise rate.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shah Saud Alam, Scott Wilson Rosa, Christopher Depcik, Sindhu Preetham Burugupally, Ethan McDaniel, Jared D. Hobeck
Summary: An adaptive Wiebe function was developed for methane-air combustion and oxy-methane combustion in spark-ignition (SI) engines. Linear regression analysis was used to fit the adaptive Wiebe model to experimental data with good accuracy. Scaling process was extended for specialized SI applications. Comparisons with literature show that the scaled Wiebe function is a reasonable tool for combustion predictions.
Article
Thermodynamics
Xiaoyang Liu, Chong Yao, Jiayao Chen, Enzhe Song
Summary: This paper emphasizes the significance of using in-cylinder pressure signals for diesel combustion control and proposes a method for classifying combustion modes based on experimental data and the LM-Chaos algorithm. The results show that the shape of the heat release rate (HRR) is mainly influenced by the rate of premixed combustion and diffusion combustion under different operating conditions. The method allows for simulating different combustion modes by adjusting the starting time, duration, and co-existence time of combustion.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shiquan Feng, Hongmei Zhang
Summary: A 3D model for fuel combustion in the cylinder was constructed based on the theory of dynamic adaptive chemistry and dynamic cell clustering. The study focused on developing a fast calculation algorithm to accelerate the engine combustion simulation and analyzing the impacts of dynamic adaptive chemistry and dynamic cell clustering on diesel engine simulation. The research found that appropriate error threshold values and initial search species are crucial for ensuring the accuracy of the simulation and meeting different research objectives. The study also highlighted the importance of selecting suitable cell clustering conditions to balance data accuracy and the prediction of pollutants.
Article
Thermodynamics
Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar, M. A. Mujtaba, Mohammad Reza Safaei, Asif Afzal, Dhana Raju, Waqar Ahmed, N. R. Banapurmath, Nazia Hossain, Shahid Bashir, Irfan Anjum Badruddin, Marjan Goodarzi, Kiran Shahapurkar, Syed Noeman Taqui
Summary: The study evaluated the performance and emission characteristics of a modified CRDI diesel engine fueled by RCME20 biodiesel blended with Sr@ZnO nanoparticles. Results indicated that under certain conditions, the engine performance was enhanced and emissions were reduced compared to RCME20 fuel.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Krupakaran Radhakrishnan Lawrence, Zuohua Huang, Xuan Phuong Nguyen, Dhinesh Balasubramanian, Vidyasagar Reddy Gangula, Raghurami Reddy Doddipalli, Van Vang Le, Sachuthananthan Bharathy, Anh Tuan Hoang
Summary: In this study, the performance of a diesel engine powered by biodiesel blends and additives was evaluated by modifying the piston bowl geometry. The results showed that the Symmetrical Spline-V (SSV) piston exhibited superior engine characteristics compared to the Symmetrical Stepped Curved-V (SSCV) piston and standard piston. Additionally, the use of additives effectively controlled nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions.
Article
Thermodynamics
Leiming Chen, Zhaoping Xu, Shuangshuang Liu, Liang Liu
Summary: A dynamic combustion model combining a modified triple Wiebe function with an artificial neural network is proposed for control synthesis design in an opposed-piston free-piston engine. The model accurately represents the complex combustion process and can be used to develop control strategies without experiments.
Article
Thermodynamics
Junhao Yan, Suya Gao, Weihua Zhao, Timothy H. Lee
Summary: With economic and population growth, human activities in high-altitude regions are expanding rapidly. This study investigated the combustion and emission characteristics of a common-rail diesel engine fueled with diesel, butanol-diesel, and hexanol-diesel mixtures under low intake pressure conditions. The results showed that reducing intake pressure affects combustion and emission characteristics, and adding alcohol fuel can improve emission performance.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Serhat Gunaydin, Ahmet Uyumaz, Tolga Kocakulak, Sertac Cosman, Hamit Solmaz, Fatih Aksoy
Summary: Diesel's ignition characteristics can be improved by using dibutyl maleate as an additive. Experimental results showed that the addition of dibutyl maleate increased in-cylinder pressure and ignition delay, while reducing combustion duration and thermal efficiency. The usage of dibutyl maleate also led to lower hydrocarbon and soot emissions, but increased carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen oxides emissions.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Tolgahan Kaya, Osman Akin Kutlar, Ozgur Oguz Taskiran
Summary: This study investigated alternative advanced combustion methods on a 1.5-liter diesel engine under EURO-5 standard, finding that adjusting SOI and EGR can significantly reduce NOx and opacity emissions, while biodiesel blended diesel in single injection configuration, although affecting power, can reduce emissions.
ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL-JESTECH
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zhanming Chen, Jingjing He, Hao Chen, Limin Geng, Peng Zhang
Summary: A comparative study on the effects of energy substitution ratio (ESR) on the combustion characteristics and performance of a dual fuel engine fueled with diesel/alcohols was conducted. Premixed combustion of diesel was influenced by alcohol enrichment, affecting ignition delay and combustion duration. Methanol was found to be most beneficial in prolonging ignition delay and shortening combustion duration. Energy substitution ratio also affected brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and NOx emissions differently for different alcohol types.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Run Guo, Xiang Bai, Yang Lu, Lin-Zhou Zhang, Xing-Ying Lan, Zhen-Tao Chen, Quan Shi, Suo-Qi Zhao
Summary: In this study, a method to predict the hydrogen solubility in diesel was established. The modified Henry equation and a molecular-level compositional model were combined to accurately predict the hydrogen solubility in diesel.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yingna Du, Chen Huang, Wei Jiang, Qiangwei Yan, Yongfei Li, Gang Chen
Summary: In this study, anionic surfactants modified hydrotalcite was used as a flow improver for crude oil under low-temperature conditions. The modified hydrotalcite showed a significant viscosity reduction effect on crude oil. The mechanism of the modified hydrotalcite on viscosity and pour point of crude oil was explored through characterization and analysis of the modified hydrotalcite and oil samples.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mohammad Saeid Rostami, Mohammad Mehdi Khodaei
Summary: In this study, a hybrid structure, MIL-53(Al)@MWCNT, was synthesized by combining MIL-53(Al) particles and -COOH functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT). The hybrid structure was then embedded in a polyethersulfone (PES) polymer matrix to prepare a mixed matrix membrane (MMM) for CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 separation. The addition of MWCNTs prevented MIL-53(Al) aggregation, improved membrane mechanical properties, and enhanced gas separation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yunlong Li, Desheng Huang, Xiaomeng Dong, Daoyong Yang
Summary: This study develops theoretical and experimental techniques to determine the phase behavior and physical properties of DME/flue gas/water/heavy oil systems. Eight constant composition expansion (CCE) tests are conducted to obtain new experimental data. A thermodynamic model is used to accurately predict saturation pressure and swelling factors, as well as the phase boundaries of N2/heavy oil systems and DME/CO2/heavy oil systems, with high accuracy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Morteza Afkhamipour, Ebad Seifi, Arash Esmaeili, Mohammad Shamsi, Tohid N. Borhani
Summary: Non-conventional amines are being researched worldwide to overcome the limitations of traditional amines like MEA and MDEA. Adequate process and thermodynamic models are crucial for understanding the applicability and performance of these amines in CO2 absorption, but studies on process modeling for these amines are limited. This study used rate-based modeling and Deshmukh-Mather method to model CO2 absorption by DETA solution in a packed column, validated the model with experimental data, and conducted a sensitivity analysis of mass transfer correlations. The study also compared the CO2 absorption efficiency of DETA solution with an ionic solvent [bmim]-[PF6] and highlighted the importance of finding optimum operational parameters for maximum absorption efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Arastoo Abdi, Mohamad Awarke, M. Reza Malayeri, Masoud Riazi
Summary: The utilization of smart water in EOR operations has gained attention, but more research is needed to understand the complex mechanisms involved. This study investigated the interfacial tension between smart water and crude oil, considering factors such as salt, pH, asphaltene type, and aged smart water. The results revealed that the hydration of ions in smart water plays a key role in its efficacy, with acidic and basic asphaltene acting as intrinsic surfactants. The pH also influenced the interfacial tension, and the aged smart water's interaction with crude oil depended on asphaltene type, salt, and salinity.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Dongao Zhu, Kun Zhu, Lixian Xu, Haiyan Huang, Jing He, Wenshuai Zhu, Huaming Li, Wei Jiang
Summary: In this study, cobalt-based metal-organic frameworks (Co-based MOFs) were used as supports and co-catalysts to confine the NHPI catalyst, solving the leaching issue. The NHPI@Co-MOF with carboxyl groups exhibited stronger acidity and facilitated the generation of active oxygen radicals O2•, resulting in enhanced catalytic activity. This research provides valuable insights into the selection of suitable organic linkers and broadens the research horizon of MOF hybrids in efficient oxidative desulfurization (ODS) applications.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Edwin G. Hoyos, Gloria Amo-Duodu, U. Gulsum Kiral, Laura Vargas-Estrada, Raquel Lebrero, Rail Munoz
Summary: This study investigated the impact of carbon-coated zero-valent nanoparticle concentration on photosynthetic biogas upgrading. The addition of nanoparticles significantly increased microalgae productivity and enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus assimilation. The presence of nanoparticles also improved the quality of biomethane produced.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yao Xiao, Asma Leghari, Linfeng Liu, Fangchao Yu, Ming Gao, Lu Ding, Yu Yang, Xueli Chen, Xiaoyu Yan, Fuchen Wang
Summary: Iron is added as a flocculant in wastewater treatment and the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of sludge produces wastewater containing Fe. This study investigates the effect of aqueous phase (AP) recycling on hydrochar properties, iron evolution and environmental assessment during HTC of sludge. The results show that AP recycling process improves the dewatering performance of hydrochar and facilitates the recovery of Fe from the liquid phase.
Article
Energy & Fuels
He Liang, Tao Wang, Zhenmin Luo, Jianliang Yu, Weizhai Yi, Fangming Cheng, Jingyu Zhao, Xingqing Yan, Jun Deng, Jihao Shi
Summary: This study investigated the influence of inhibitors (carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and heptafluoropropane) on the lower flammability limit of hydrogen and determined the critical inhibitory concentration needed for complete suppression. The impact of inhibitors on explosive characteristics was evaluated, and the inhibitory mechanism was analyzed with chemical kinetics. The results showed that with the increase of inhibitor quantity, the lower flammability limit of hydrogen also increased. The research findings can contribute to the safe utilization of hydrogen energy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zonghui Liu, Zhongze Zhang, Yali Zhou, Ziling Wang, Mingyang Du, Zhe Wen, Bing Yan, Qingxiang Ma, Na Liu, Bing Xue
Summary: In this study, high-performance solid catalysts based on phosphotungstic acid (HPW) supported on Zr-SBA-15 were synthesized and evaluated for the one-pot conversion of furfural (FUR) to γ-valerolactone (GVL). The catalysts were characterized using various techniques, and the ratio of HPW and Zr was found to significantly affect the selectivity of GVL. The HPW/Zr-SBA-15 (2-4-15) catalyst exhibited the highest GVL yield (83%) under optimized reaction conditions, and it was determined that a balance between Bronsted acid sites (BAS) and Lewis acid sites (LAS) was crucial for achieving higher catalytic performance. The reaction parameters and catalyst stability were also investigated.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Michael Stoehr, Stephan Ruoff, Bastian Rauch, Wolfgang Meier, Patrick Le Clercq
Summary: As part of the global energy transition, an experimental study was conducted to understand the effects of different fuel properties on droplet vaporization for various conventional and alternative fuels. The study utilized a flow channel to measure the evolution of droplet diameters over time and distance. The results revealed the temperature-dependent effects of physical properties, such as boiling point, liquid density, and enthalpy of vaporization, and showed the complex interactions of preferential vaporization and temperature-dependent influences of physical properties for multi-component fuels.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yuan Zhuang, Ruikang Wu, Xinyan Wang, Rui Zhai, Changyong Gao
Summary: Through experimental validation and optimization of the chemical kinetic model, it was found that methanol can accelerate the oxidation reaction of ammonia, and methanol can be rapidly oxidized at high concentration. HO2 was found to generate a significant amount of OH radicals, facilitating the oxidation of methanol and ammonia. Rating: 7.5/10.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Radwan M. EL-Zohairy, Ahmed S. Attia, A. S. Huzayyin, Ahmed I. EL-Seesy
Summary: This paper presents a lab-scale experimental study on the impact of diethyl ether (DEE) as an additive to waste cooking oil biodiesel with Jet A-1 on combustion and emission features of a swirl-stabilized premixed flame. The addition of DEE to biodiesel significantly affects the flame temperature distribution and emissions. The W20D20 blend of DEE, biodiesel, and Jet A-1 shows similar flame temperature distribution to Jet A-1 and significantly reduces UHC, CO, and NOx emissions compared to Jet A-1.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jiang Bian, Ziyuan Zhao, Yang Liu, Ran Cheng, Xuerui Zang, Xuewen Cao
Summary: This study presents a novel method for ammonia separation using supersonic flow and develops a mathematical model to investigate the condensation phenomenon. The results demonstrate that the L-P nucleation model accurately characterizes the nucleation process of ammonia at low temperatures. Numerical simulations also show that increasing pressure and concentration can enhance ammonia condensation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shiyuan Pan, Xiaodan Shi, Beibei Dong, Jan Skvaril, Haoran Zhang, Yongtu Liang, Hailong Li
Summary: Integrating CO2 capture with biomass-fired combined heat and power (bio-CHP) plants is a promising method for achieving negative emissions. This study develops a reliable data-driven model based on the Transformer architecture to predict the flowrate and CO2 concentration of flue gas in real time. The model validation shows high prediction accuracy, and the potential impact of meteorological parameters on model accuracy is assessed. The results demonstrate that the Transformer model outperforms other models and using near-infrared spectral data as input features improves the prediction accuracy.