Article
Engineering, Chemical
Ondrej Cejpek, Milan Maly, Vignesh Kumar Dhinasekaran, Madan Mohan Avulapati, Louis Dacanay, Jan Jedelsky
Summary: This study introduces a new type of atomizer called the impinging effervescent atomizer (IEA) and discusses its concept design, testing of spray characteristics, and performance comparison. The IEA utilizes the collision of effervescent liquid streams to enhance atomization and modify spray characteristics. Measurements using Phase Doppler Anemometry (PDA) and high-speed visualization were conducted to investigate various spray parameters. The favorable spray characteristics of the IEA make it suitable for use in mass-transfer related processes and CO2 capture columns.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Siavash Zamani, Aaron Morris
Summary: It has been found that excessive vapor content in the spray-drying system can lead to issues such as product agglomeration or caking. The drying process in spray-dryers mainly occurs during the initial phase, where the feed is still in a liquid state. The size of the droplets plays a crucial role in the drying kinetics, and it is heavily influenced by collisions that can cause droplets to coalesce or split. Analytical and numerical models are used to investigate the impact of droplet collisions on drying kinetics and the evaporation rate.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ghokulla Haran Krishnan, Kevin Fletcher, Eric Loth
Summary: This study investigates the effects of liquid viscosity and surface wettability on the outcomes of a droplet impacting a dry, clean surface. Through a series of experiments, six different outcomes were observed and several trends were identified.
Article
Thermodynamics
Ahmet Gultekin, Nejdet Erkan, Erdal Ozdemir, Uner Colak, Shunichi Suzuki
Summary: This study experimentally investigates the hydrodynamic behavior of multiple droplets impacting a heated sapphire glass, revealing that the simultaneous impact of multiple droplets exhibits different dynamics compared to a single droplet, with strong effects observed from the horizontal spacing and Weber number on the spreading area and uprising sheet. The research provides real-time high quality images and data, contributing to the limited experimental studies on simultaneous multiple droplet impact on a heated surface.
EXPERIMENTAL THERMAL AND FLUID SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Farooq Hussain, Maciej Jaskulski, Marcin Piatkowski, Evangelos Tsotsas
Summary: Particle size distribution is crucial in spray dryers, and controlling agglomeration and coalescence is key. The study presents a CFD model to accurately predict particle size and product properties.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Artur Carvalho Santos, Fernando Luiz Sacomano Filho, Aymeric Vie
Summary: A general gas-phase energy formulation can be obtained independently from the species diffusion transport modeling while incorporating multi-species enthalpy diffusion terms. The choice of specific heats characterizes the inclusion or not of multi-species enthalpy diffusion effects. The proposed energy formulation is evaluated by conducting simulations for droplets of multiple fuel compositions in varied atmospheric conditions to represent spray combustion scenarios and concludes on its need and ease of use.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Mahsa Ebrahim, Buddha Elkenani, Alfonso Ortega
Summary: This paper investigates the problem of single droplet impingement on a heated surface and explores the effects of transient surface temperature changes on the hydrodynamic and heat transfer mechanisms during droplet impact. Experimental results show that heat removal is more effective at lower impact velocities, and the maximum temperature drop occurs at the position of maximum spreading diameter. An analytical model is also developed to successfully predict the transient Nusslet number of droplet motion on the surface.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Shiyu Zhang, Meirong Zhao, Yinguo Huang, Meike Yu, Chuntian Liu, Jinwei Guo, Yelong Zheng
Summary: This study created a low-cost and highly water-repellent superhydrophobic surface using the template method. The contact time and collision force of droplet impact on spinning superhydrophobic surfaces were determined through experimental observations and simulations. The findings showed that the spinning motion of the superhydrophobic surface reduced the contact time and collision force of droplets, providing a theoretical foundation for achieving better water repellency by combining spinning solids with superhydrophobic surfaces.
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Rui Li, Zhixiang Chen, Yi Lu, Hao Wu, Qi Jiang, Guanchen Jiang
Summary: This study experimentally investigated the oblique impact behavior of water droplets on a surface with a liquid-like perfluoropolyether coating. The research found that the impinging water droplets exhibited inelastic collision and continuous sliding on the liquid-like surface. It was suggested that the competition between inertial and capillary forces dominated the spreading process on the liquid-like surface.
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Johanna Dieplinger, Christina Moser, Gerhard Koenig, Joana T. Pinto, Amrit Paudel
Summary: This study investigated the effect of different saccharides on enzyme activity during protein drying. The results showed that trehalose dihydrate (TD) increased the activity of catalase, while hydroxypropyl beta-cyclodextrins (HPB) preserved the activity of trypsin during both miniaturized drying (MD) and spray drying (SD). Molecular docking and simulation revealed the difference in binding affinity between HP and HPB with trypsin. The experimental and modeling results shed light on the importance of protein and saccharide size in preserving activity during drying.
Review
Engineering, Mechanical
Lixing Zhou
Summary: This article reviews the historical development of combustion theory research in China, from the ancient discovery of combustion phenomena to recent advancements in numerical modeling. It highlights Chinese studies in ignition theory, flame propagation, turbulent combustion, and various modeling approaches such as RANS, LES, and DNS.
ACTA MECHANICA SINICA
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Shougen Li, Chongchong Chen, Yaxiong Wang, Feng Kang, Wenbin Li
Summary: This study analyzed the influence of spray parameters and spatial position in the flow field on the atomization characteristics of flat fan nozzles, and established droplet size and velocity models. The results showed a positive correlation between droplet size and equivalent orifice diameter of the nozzles at constant spray pressure and angle, and a negative correlation between spray angle and distance with droplet velocity. Spray distance did not affect droplet size at constant spray pressure. Additionally, spray angle greatly affected droplet velocity along the X-axis, and spray parameters, especially spray angle, significantly influenced droplet size.
Review
Plant Sciences
Heming Hu, Yutaka Kaizu, Jingjing Huang, Kenichi Furuhashi, Hongduo Zhang, Ming Li, Kenji Imou
Summary: This article discusses the application of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in plant protection, with a focus on the impact of droplet deposition on pesticide utilization efficiency, and summarizes methods for improving pesticide utilization efficiency.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Yanzhen Wu, Bo Kong, Baohong Tong, Yiting Xiao, Guotao Zhang, Xiaolei Hu
Summary: A simulation study on droplet impingement on a moving film in spray cooling application revealed that the angle of incidence affects the morphology of the resulting coronal shape, as well as the order of appearance of the left and right jets and secondary droplets. Temperature distribution and heat flux variation are related to the horizontal and vertical velocities of the droplet, and the heat flux at the impact point is influenced by the angle of incidence and the interaction between the liquid film and droplet. The cooling effect is best and the shear stress is most significant when the horizontal velocities of the droplet and film are equal.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MECHANICS B-FLUIDS
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Shubham Agrawal, Gargi Khurana, Purbarun Dhar
Summary: Experiments and theoretical investigations have shown that inertial forces dominate over surface forces in droplet impacts on V-shaped valleys or grooves with higher impact Weber numbers, while the wetting properties of the substrate play a significant role in impacts with lower Weber numbers.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yingna Du, Chen Huang, Wei Jiang, Qiangwei Yan, Yongfei Li, Gang Chen
Summary: In this study, anionic surfactants modified hydrotalcite was used as a flow improver for crude oil under low-temperature conditions. The modified hydrotalcite showed a significant viscosity reduction effect on crude oil. The mechanism of the modified hydrotalcite on viscosity and pour point of crude oil was explored through characterization and analysis of the modified hydrotalcite and oil samples.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mohammad Saeid Rostami, Mohammad Mehdi Khodaei
Summary: In this study, a hybrid structure, MIL-53(Al)@MWCNT, was synthesized by combining MIL-53(Al) particles and -COOH functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT). The hybrid structure was then embedded in a polyethersulfone (PES) polymer matrix to prepare a mixed matrix membrane (MMM) for CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 separation. The addition of MWCNTs prevented MIL-53(Al) aggregation, improved membrane mechanical properties, and enhanced gas separation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yunlong Li, Desheng Huang, Xiaomeng Dong, Daoyong Yang
Summary: This study develops theoretical and experimental techniques to determine the phase behavior and physical properties of DME/flue gas/water/heavy oil systems. Eight constant composition expansion (CCE) tests are conducted to obtain new experimental data. A thermodynamic model is used to accurately predict saturation pressure and swelling factors, as well as the phase boundaries of N2/heavy oil systems and DME/CO2/heavy oil systems, with high accuracy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Morteza Afkhamipour, Ebad Seifi, Arash Esmaeili, Mohammad Shamsi, Tohid N. Borhani
Summary: Non-conventional amines are being researched worldwide to overcome the limitations of traditional amines like MEA and MDEA. Adequate process and thermodynamic models are crucial for understanding the applicability and performance of these amines in CO2 absorption, but studies on process modeling for these amines are limited. This study used rate-based modeling and Deshmukh-Mather method to model CO2 absorption by DETA solution in a packed column, validated the model with experimental data, and conducted a sensitivity analysis of mass transfer correlations. The study also compared the CO2 absorption efficiency of DETA solution with an ionic solvent [bmim]-[PF6] and highlighted the importance of finding optimum operational parameters for maximum absorption efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Arastoo Abdi, Mohamad Awarke, M. Reza Malayeri, Masoud Riazi
Summary: The utilization of smart water in EOR operations has gained attention, but more research is needed to understand the complex mechanisms involved. This study investigated the interfacial tension between smart water and crude oil, considering factors such as salt, pH, asphaltene type, and aged smart water. The results revealed that the hydration of ions in smart water plays a key role in its efficacy, with acidic and basic asphaltene acting as intrinsic surfactants. The pH also influenced the interfacial tension, and the aged smart water's interaction with crude oil depended on asphaltene type, salt, and salinity.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Dongao Zhu, Kun Zhu, Lixian Xu, Haiyan Huang, Jing He, Wenshuai Zhu, Huaming Li, Wei Jiang
Summary: In this study, cobalt-based metal-organic frameworks (Co-based MOFs) were used as supports and co-catalysts to confine the NHPI catalyst, solving the leaching issue. The NHPI@Co-MOF with carboxyl groups exhibited stronger acidity and facilitated the generation of active oxygen radicals O2•, resulting in enhanced catalytic activity. This research provides valuable insights into the selection of suitable organic linkers and broadens the research horizon of MOF hybrids in efficient oxidative desulfurization (ODS) applications.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Edwin G. Hoyos, Gloria Amo-Duodu, U. Gulsum Kiral, Laura Vargas-Estrada, Raquel Lebrero, Rail Munoz
Summary: This study investigated the impact of carbon-coated zero-valent nanoparticle concentration on photosynthetic biogas upgrading. The addition of nanoparticles significantly increased microalgae productivity and enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus assimilation. The presence of nanoparticles also improved the quality of biomethane produced.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yao Xiao, Asma Leghari, Linfeng Liu, Fangchao Yu, Ming Gao, Lu Ding, Yu Yang, Xueli Chen, Xiaoyu Yan, Fuchen Wang
Summary: Iron is added as a flocculant in wastewater treatment and the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of sludge produces wastewater containing Fe. This study investigates the effect of aqueous phase (AP) recycling on hydrochar properties, iron evolution and environmental assessment during HTC of sludge. The results show that AP recycling process improves the dewatering performance of hydrochar and facilitates the recovery of Fe from the liquid phase.
Article
Energy & Fuels
He Liang, Tao Wang, Zhenmin Luo, Jianliang Yu, Weizhai Yi, Fangming Cheng, Jingyu Zhao, Xingqing Yan, Jun Deng, Jihao Shi
Summary: This study investigated the influence of inhibitors (carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and heptafluoropropane) on the lower flammability limit of hydrogen and determined the critical inhibitory concentration needed for complete suppression. The impact of inhibitors on explosive characteristics was evaluated, and the inhibitory mechanism was analyzed with chemical kinetics. The results showed that with the increase of inhibitor quantity, the lower flammability limit of hydrogen also increased. The research findings can contribute to the safe utilization of hydrogen energy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zonghui Liu, Zhongze Zhang, Yali Zhou, Ziling Wang, Mingyang Du, Zhe Wen, Bing Yan, Qingxiang Ma, Na Liu, Bing Xue
Summary: In this study, high-performance solid catalysts based on phosphotungstic acid (HPW) supported on Zr-SBA-15 were synthesized and evaluated for the one-pot conversion of furfural (FUR) to γ-valerolactone (GVL). The catalysts were characterized using various techniques, and the ratio of HPW and Zr was found to significantly affect the selectivity of GVL. The HPW/Zr-SBA-15 (2-4-15) catalyst exhibited the highest GVL yield (83%) under optimized reaction conditions, and it was determined that a balance between Bronsted acid sites (BAS) and Lewis acid sites (LAS) was crucial for achieving higher catalytic performance. The reaction parameters and catalyst stability were also investigated.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Michael Stoehr, Stephan Ruoff, Bastian Rauch, Wolfgang Meier, Patrick Le Clercq
Summary: As part of the global energy transition, an experimental study was conducted to understand the effects of different fuel properties on droplet vaporization for various conventional and alternative fuels. The study utilized a flow channel to measure the evolution of droplet diameters over time and distance. The results revealed the temperature-dependent effects of physical properties, such as boiling point, liquid density, and enthalpy of vaporization, and showed the complex interactions of preferential vaporization and temperature-dependent influences of physical properties for multi-component fuels.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yuan Zhuang, Ruikang Wu, Xinyan Wang, Rui Zhai, Changyong Gao
Summary: Through experimental validation and optimization of the chemical kinetic model, it was found that methanol can accelerate the oxidation reaction of ammonia, and methanol can be rapidly oxidized at high concentration. HO2 was found to generate a significant amount of OH radicals, facilitating the oxidation of methanol and ammonia. Rating: 7.5/10.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Radwan M. EL-Zohairy, Ahmed S. Attia, A. S. Huzayyin, Ahmed I. EL-Seesy
Summary: This paper presents a lab-scale experimental study on the impact of diethyl ether (DEE) as an additive to waste cooking oil biodiesel with Jet A-1 on combustion and emission features of a swirl-stabilized premixed flame. The addition of DEE to biodiesel significantly affects the flame temperature distribution and emissions. The W20D20 blend of DEE, biodiesel, and Jet A-1 shows similar flame temperature distribution to Jet A-1 and significantly reduces UHC, CO, and NOx emissions compared to Jet A-1.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jiang Bian, Ziyuan Zhao, Yang Liu, Ran Cheng, Xuerui Zang, Xuewen Cao
Summary: This study presents a novel method for ammonia separation using supersonic flow and develops a mathematical model to investigate the condensation phenomenon. The results demonstrate that the L-P nucleation model accurately characterizes the nucleation process of ammonia at low temperatures. Numerical simulations also show that increasing pressure and concentration can enhance ammonia condensation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shiyuan Pan, Xiaodan Shi, Beibei Dong, Jan Skvaril, Haoran Zhang, Yongtu Liang, Hailong Li
Summary: Integrating CO2 capture with biomass-fired combined heat and power (bio-CHP) plants is a promising method for achieving negative emissions. This study develops a reliable data-driven model based on the Transformer architecture to predict the flowrate and CO2 concentration of flue gas in real time. The model validation shows high prediction accuracy, and the potential impact of meteorological parameters on model accuracy is assessed. The results demonstrate that the Transformer model outperforms other models and using near-infrared spectral data as input features improves the prediction accuracy.