Journal
FUEL
Volume 103, Issue -, Pages 512-523Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2012.07.052
Keywords
Pyrolysis; Sulfuric acid; Lignin oligomers; UV-fluorescence; ESI-MS
Categories
Funding
- Sun-Grant Initiative [T0013G-A]
- US National Science Foundation [CBET-0966419]
- Washington State Agricultural Research Center
- Commonwealth of Australia under the International Science Linkages program
- Div Of Chem, Bioeng, Env, & Transp Sys
- Directorate For Engineering [0966419] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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This paper investigates the effect of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) concentration, as an additive to enhance the production of anhydrosugars via pyrolysis of Douglas-fir, on the yield and composition of the lignin derived oligomers. Pyrolysis tests at 500 degrees C were conducted in auger and fluidized bed reactors. For both reactors the yield of lignin derived oligomers decreased as H2SO4 was added. Several analytical techniques (UV-fluorescence, TGA, ESI-MS, FTIR, solid state C-13 NMR and Pyrolysis-GC/MS) were used to characterize the lignin derived oligomers collected. Four peaks were observed in the UV-fluorescence spectra. The addition of H2SO4 reduces the yield of all the peaks. DTG curves also show the presence of several peaks. The addition of H2SO4 decreased the yield of all the peaks but its effect was more pronounced on peaks at 320 and 400 degrees C. Electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry studies did not show any major change on the molecular weight of the lignin oligomers ionized products obtained as a function of H2SO4 concentration. Solid state NMR results indicate that the methoxyl groups decreased and the carbonyl increased gradually as sulfuric acid concentration increases. The Py-GC/MS confirmed the phenolic compounds with methoxyl substitutions were substantially reduced as the acid concentration increased. The experimental results obtained suggest the presence of H2SO4 enhances the polycondensation of methoxyl substituted aromatic rings. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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