Review
Chemistry, Physical
Syed A. Ali, Ali H. Alshareef, Rajesh Theravalappil, Hassan S. Alasiri, Mohammad M. Hossain
Summary: Kinetic modeling has gained attention due to advanced computational tools and improved analytical techniques. Molecular kinetic modeling of catalytic naphtha reforming allows for full analysis of light petroleum fraction on a molecular level. Different kinetic models, with varying approaches and limitations, have been developed in the past decade. The review provides a systematic comparison of these models and discusses the methods for estimating kinetic parameters and determining their numerical values.
CATALYSIS REVIEWS-SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Eugenio Meloni, Marco Martino, Vincenzo Palma
Summary: Currently, hydrogen production in the EU relies heavily on methane steam reforming from natural gas, which results in significant CO2 emissions. However, the use of microwave-assisted reformers shows promise in achieving higher efficiency and lower energy consumption for hydrogen production.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Mahmud Atarianshandiz, Kimberley B. McAuley, Akbar Shahsavand
Summary: A two-dimensional mathematical model was developed to simulate naphtha reforming in CCR reactors, and a sensitivity-based parameter subset selection method was used to identify influential parameters. By tuning the parameters, the model showed improved fit to experimental data and accurately predicted reactor temperatures, catalyst coke weight fraction, and benzene flowrate. The simulation results matched well with industrial measurements, providing valuable insights for improving the efficiency of the CCR process.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Firas S. Alrashed, Sagheer A. Onaizi, Feraih S. Alenazey, Safia El-Bok, Umer Zahid
Summary: This paper investigates the performance analysis of the PdAu membrane in a packed bed reactor loaded with Ni-based catalysts in clean energy systems based on hydrogen fuels. A comparative analysis was conducted between methane steam reforming and prereformed naphtha. The study demonstrates that prereformed naphtha exhibits slightly better performance in terms of methane conversion and hydrogen yield under certain operational conditions, with lower energy consumption compared to steam methane reforming.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Danial Eleat, Majid Taghizadeh
Summary: In this study, steam reforming of ethylene glycol was conducted using 2%Pd-10%Ni/KIT-6 catalyst. The synthesized catalyst showed excellent stability, high ethylene glycol conversion, and good H2 yield at high temperatures.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
J. A. Andersen, M. C. Holm, K. van't Veer, J. M. Christensen, M. Ostberg, A. Bogaerts, A. D. Jensen
Summary: The study investigates the factors affecting ammonia synthesis in a dielectric barrier discharge reactor, using both experiments and a plasma kinetic model. The effects of plasma power, feed flow rate, N2:H2 feed ratio, gas residence time, temperature, and packing material were examined. The results show that increasing the feed flow rate and gas temperature with a packing material present in the plasma can enhance the ammonia synthesis rate.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Haris Qayyum, Izzat Iqbal Cheema, Mohsin Abdullah, Muhammad Amin, Imtiaz Afzal Khan, Eui-Jong Lee, Kang Hoon Lee
Summary: This study developed a one-dimensional model of an adiabatic packed bed reactor used for chemical looping reforming (CLR) in gPROMS Model Builder 4.1.0 (R). The effects of variations in temperature, pressure, gas mass velocity, nickel oxide concentration, reactor length, and particle diameter on the performance of the CL-SMR process were investigated through thermodynamic and parametric analysis.
FRONTIERS IN CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Xuesong Yang, Shuai Wang, Yurong He
Summary: This paper reviews the development and challenges of catalytic reforming technology for hydrogen production using a membrane-assisted fluidized bed, summarizes influencing factors of membrane separation and features of a fluidized bed membrane reactor, and introduces the application of coupling technologies.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Wei-Hsin Chen, Shu-Cheng Li, Steven Lim, Zih-Yu Chen, Joon Ching Juan
Summary: The study showed that lower Reynolds numbers were beneficial for ethanol conversion and H-2 recovery in ethanol steam reforming, while using Pd membrane could increase H-2 yield, and higher Reynolds numbers increased total H-2 production but decreased recovery rate.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Di Wang, Heyao Wu, Yanyang Xu, Tianjia Chen, Yongfeng Zhang, Zhifei Hu, Zhigang Wang, Xiaoyao Tan, Shaomin Liu
Summary: In this study, nickel hollow fiber membranes were successfully fabricated and used as membrane reactors for toluene steam reforming and H2 separation. The results showed that the membrane reactor achieved stable and efficient performance in toluene conversion and H2 production under suitable conditions.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xiang Mao, WeiZhao Li, Ya Yuan, LuWei Yang
Summary: A numerical model is developed to optimize the efficiency of an integrated reactor in a methanol steam reforming system by thermal coupling. By adjusting design parameters and flow arrangement, temperature uniformity can be improved, providing an effective energy management strategy and tool.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Daewook Kim, Suhang Choi, Sohyun Jeong, Minseok Bae, Sai P. Katikaneni, Joongmyeon Bae, Seongmin Heo, Jay H. Lee
Summary: In this study, a systematic approach was proposed to build reduced kinetic models of a diesel autothermal reformer for fuel cell auxiliary power unit (FC-APU) systems in heavy-duty trucks. Through microreactor experiments and parameter estimation, optimal reduced kinetic models with 3 and 4 reactions were successfully constructed. The accuracy of the optimal reduced kinetic models improved by 21% as the number of reactions increased from 3 to 4.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Ali Bakhtyari, Roghayeh Bardool, Mohammad Reza Rahimpour, Masoud Mofarahi, Chang -Ha Lee
Summary: In this study, a mathematical and an AI model were proposed to enhance green hydrogen production from bio-alcohols in a membrane-assisted reactor. A sensitivity analysis was conducted for effective variables, and a single-layer perceptron network with specific functions and neurons achieved low errors in bio-methanol and bio-ethanol reformers. Multi-objective optimization was performed to determine optimal operating conditions, resulting in improved hydrogen production.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
M. Angulo, I. Agirre, A. Arratibel, M. A. Llosa Tanco, D. A. Pacheco Tanaka, V. L. Barrio
Summary: A series of pore flow-through catalytic nonselective membrane reactors were studied for steam methane reforming, with the efficiency of the reactions depending on the number of gamma-Al2O3/YSZ layers.
REACTION CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Roberto Palos, Elena Rodriguez, Alazne Gutierrez, Javier Bilbao, Jose M. Arandes
Summary: The study has calculated the parameters of a 6-lump kinetic model for catalytic cracking of tire pyrolysis oil in industrial fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) conditions. The results show that heavy cycle oil (HCO) plays a significant role in conversion levels below 80%, while light cycle oil (LCO) and naphtha over-crack at higher conversion levels, leading to increased yields of LPG, dry gas, and coke.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yingna Du, Chen Huang, Wei Jiang, Qiangwei Yan, Yongfei Li, Gang Chen
Summary: In this study, anionic surfactants modified hydrotalcite was used as a flow improver for crude oil under low-temperature conditions. The modified hydrotalcite showed a significant viscosity reduction effect on crude oil. The mechanism of the modified hydrotalcite on viscosity and pour point of crude oil was explored through characterization and analysis of the modified hydrotalcite and oil samples.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mohammad Saeid Rostami, Mohammad Mehdi Khodaei
Summary: In this study, a hybrid structure, MIL-53(Al)@MWCNT, was synthesized by combining MIL-53(Al) particles and -COOH functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT). The hybrid structure was then embedded in a polyethersulfone (PES) polymer matrix to prepare a mixed matrix membrane (MMM) for CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 separation. The addition of MWCNTs prevented MIL-53(Al) aggregation, improved membrane mechanical properties, and enhanced gas separation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yunlong Li, Desheng Huang, Xiaomeng Dong, Daoyong Yang
Summary: This study develops theoretical and experimental techniques to determine the phase behavior and physical properties of DME/flue gas/water/heavy oil systems. Eight constant composition expansion (CCE) tests are conducted to obtain new experimental data. A thermodynamic model is used to accurately predict saturation pressure and swelling factors, as well as the phase boundaries of N2/heavy oil systems and DME/CO2/heavy oil systems, with high accuracy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Morteza Afkhamipour, Ebad Seifi, Arash Esmaeili, Mohammad Shamsi, Tohid N. Borhani
Summary: Non-conventional amines are being researched worldwide to overcome the limitations of traditional amines like MEA and MDEA. Adequate process and thermodynamic models are crucial for understanding the applicability and performance of these amines in CO2 absorption, but studies on process modeling for these amines are limited. This study used rate-based modeling and Deshmukh-Mather method to model CO2 absorption by DETA solution in a packed column, validated the model with experimental data, and conducted a sensitivity analysis of mass transfer correlations. The study also compared the CO2 absorption efficiency of DETA solution with an ionic solvent [bmim]-[PF6] and highlighted the importance of finding optimum operational parameters for maximum absorption efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Arastoo Abdi, Mohamad Awarke, M. Reza Malayeri, Masoud Riazi
Summary: The utilization of smart water in EOR operations has gained attention, but more research is needed to understand the complex mechanisms involved. This study investigated the interfacial tension between smart water and crude oil, considering factors such as salt, pH, asphaltene type, and aged smart water. The results revealed that the hydration of ions in smart water plays a key role in its efficacy, with acidic and basic asphaltene acting as intrinsic surfactants. The pH also influenced the interfacial tension, and the aged smart water's interaction with crude oil depended on asphaltene type, salt, and salinity.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Dongao Zhu, Kun Zhu, Lixian Xu, Haiyan Huang, Jing He, Wenshuai Zhu, Huaming Li, Wei Jiang
Summary: In this study, cobalt-based metal-organic frameworks (Co-based MOFs) were used as supports and co-catalysts to confine the NHPI catalyst, solving the leaching issue. The NHPI@Co-MOF with carboxyl groups exhibited stronger acidity and facilitated the generation of active oxygen radicals O2•, resulting in enhanced catalytic activity. This research provides valuable insights into the selection of suitable organic linkers and broadens the research horizon of MOF hybrids in efficient oxidative desulfurization (ODS) applications.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Edwin G. Hoyos, Gloria Amo-Duodu, U. Gulsum Kiral, Laura Vargas-Estrada, Raquel Lebrero, Rail Munoz
Summary: This study investigated the impact of carbon-coated zero-valent nanoparticle concentration on photosynthetic biogas upgrading. The addition of nanoparticles significantly increased microalgae productivity and enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus assimilation. The presence of nanoparticles also improved the quality of biomethane produced.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yao Xiao, Asma Leghari, Linfeng Liu, Fangchao Yu, Ming Gao, Lu Ding, Yu Yang, Xueli Chen, Xiaoyu Yan, Fuchen Wang
Summary: Iron is added as a flocculant in wastewater treatment and the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of sludge produces wastewater containing Fe. This study investigates the effect of aqueous phase (AP) recycling on hydrochar properties, iron evolution and environmental assessment during HTC of sludge. The results show that AP recycling process improves the dewatering performance of hydrochar and facilitates the recovery of Fe from the liquid phase.
Article
Energy & Fuels
He Liang, Tao Wang, Zhenmin Luo, Jianliang Yu, Weizhai Yi, Fangming Cheng, Jingyu Zhao, Xingqing Yan, Jun Deng, Jihao Shi
Summary: This study investigated the influence of inhibitors (carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and heptafluoropropane) on the lower flammability limit of hydrogen and determined the critical inhibitory concentration needed for complete suppression. The impact of inhibitors on explosive characteristics was evaluated, and the inhibitory mechanism was analyzed with chemical kinetics. The results showed that with the increase of inhibitor quantity, the lower flammability limit of hydrogen also increased. The research findings can contribute to the safe utilization of hydrogen energy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zonghui Liu, Zhongze Zhang, Yali Zhou, Ziling Wang, Mingyang Du, Zhe Wen, Bing Yan, Qingxiang Ma, Na Liu, Bing Xue
Summary: In this study, high-performance solid catalysts based on phosphotungstic acid (HPW) supported on Zr-SBA-15 were synthesized and evaluated for the one-pot conversion of furfural (FUR) to γ-valerolactone (GVL). The catalysts were characterized using various techniques, and the ratio of HPW and Zr was found to significantly affect the selectivity of GVL. The HPW/Zr-SBA-15 (2-4-15) catalyst exhibited the highest GVL yield (83%) under optimized reaction conditions, and it was determined that a balance between Bronsted acid sites (BAS) and Lewis acid sites (LAS) was crucial for achieving higher catalytic performance. The reaction parameters and catalyst stability were also investigated.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Michael Stoehr, Stephan Ruoff, Bastian Rauch, Wolfgang Meier, Patrick Le Clercq
Summary: As part of the global energy transition, an experimental study was conducted to understand the effects of different fuel properties on droplet vaporization for various conventional and alternative fuels. The study utilized a flow channel to measure the evolution of droplet diameters over time and distance. The results revealed the temperature-dependent effects of physical properties, such as boiling point, liquid density, and enthalpy of vaporization, and showed the complex interactions of preferential vaporization and temperature-dependent influences of physical properties for multi-component fuels.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yuan Zhuang, Ruikang Wu, Xinyan Wang, Rui Zhai, Changyong Gao
Summary: Through experimental validation and optimization of the chemical kinetic model, it was found that methanol can accelerate the oxidation reaction of ammonia, and methanol can be rapidly oxidized at high concentration. HO2 was found to generate a significant amount of OH radicals, facilitating the oxidation of methanol and ammonia. Rating: 7.5/10.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Radwan M. EL-Zohairy, Ahmed S. Attia, A. S. Huzayyin, Ahmed I. EL-Seesy
Summary: This paper presents a lab-scale experimental study on the impact of diethyl ether (DEE) as an additive to waste cooking oil biodiesel with Jet A-1 on combustion and emission features of a swirl-stabilized premixed flame. The addition of DEE to biodiesel significantly affects the flame temperature distribution and emissions. The W20D20 blend of DEE, biodiesel, and Jet A-1 shows similar flame temperature distribution to Jet A-1 and significantly reduces UHC, CO, and NOx emissions compared to Jet A-1.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jiang Bian, Ziyuan Zhao, Yang Liu, Ran Cheng, Xuerui Zang, Xuewen Cao
Summary: This study presents a novel method for ammonia separation using supersonic flow and develops a mathematical model to investigate the condensation phenomenon. The results demonstrate that the L-P nucleation model accurately characterizes the nucleation process of ammonia at low temperatures. Numerical simulations also show that increasing pressure and concentration can enhance ammonia condensation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shiyuan Pan, Xiaodan Shi, Beibei Dong, Jan Skvaril, Haoran Zhang, Yongtu Liang, Hailong Li
Summary: Integrating CO2 capture with biomass-fired combined heat and power (bio-CHP) plants is a promising method for achieving negative emissions. This study develops a reliable data-driven model based on the Transformer architecture to predict the flowrate and CO2 concentration of flue gas in real time. The model validation shows high prediction accuracy, and the potential impact of meteorological parameters on model accuracy is assessed. The results demonstrate that the Transformer model outperforms other models and using near-infrared spectral data as input features improves the prediction accuracy.