Article
Chemistry, Physical
Devunuri Suresh, Ekambaram Porpatham
Summary: This paper investigates the effects of ethanol-gasoline-hydrogen blends with different proportions in a lean-burn SI engine. The results show that the E10 blend is optimal, and the addition of ethanol enhances brake power and efficiency. Further, adding hydrogen to the E10 mixture significantly improves the combustion process and reduces emissions. The study also finds that the lean limit is extended with ethanol compared to pure gasoline.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shiyi Pan, Jinhua Wang, Bin Liang, Hao Duan, Zuohua Huang
Summary: Hydrogen addition improves engine performance and extends the lean burn limit. Different hydrogen injection strategies result in different hydrogen mixture distributions, affecting engine performance and emissions. Hydrogen addition enhances ignition and combustion stability, reducing emissions.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ze Liu, Xiumin Yu, Ping Sun, Sichuan Xu
Summary: The study aims to improve the performance of gasoline SI engines under lean burn conditions through dual-injection mode GPI + NDI, leading to increased efficiency and reduced emissions. The GPI + NDI mode achieves stable combustion at lambda = 1.4, broadening the lean burn limit of the gasoline engine at low load.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Shiyi Pan, Jinhua Wang, Zuohua Huang
Summary: This study compared the effects of four different hydrogen injection strategies on the distribution, combustion, and emissions of hydrogen mixtures. The results showed that different hydrogen injection strategies resulted in different types of hydrogen mixture distribution. Adjusting the hydrogen injection strategy can optimize the engine's combustion and emission performance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xiumin Yu, Zhipeng Hu, Zezhou Guo, Decheng Li, Tianqi Wang, Yinan Li, Jufang Zhang, Tianyang Gong, Yanwei Li
Summary: Ethanol, a carbon-neutral fuel, is widely used in engines. Combining hydrous ethanol with hydrogen can reduce costs and improve combustion performance, especially under lean-burn conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xiumin Yu, Decheng Li, Ping Sun, Guanting Li, Song Yang, Chuanzhao Yao
Summary: This paper investigates the energy and exergy balance of a SI engine working under two different modes under lean-burn conditions. Results show that the cooling water takes an average of 39.40% of the fuel energy in GPI + GDI mode, and 40.70% in GPI + HDI mode. The exergy destruction occupies 56.12% of the fuel exergy in GPI + GDI mode and 54.89% in GPI + HDI mode. Brake thermal efficiency and exergy efficiency of the engine can be improved by 0.29% and 0.31% in GPI + GDI mode, and 0.56% and 0.71% in GPI + HDI mode at an excess air ratio of 1.1.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jianbing Gao, Guohong Tian, Chaochen Ma, Yuanjian Zhang, Shikai Xing, Phil Jenner
Summary: Lean-burn was adopted as an effective method in this study to reduce NOx emissions from hydrogen combustion in ORP engines. The equivalence ratio has a significant impact on combustion and NOx emission characteristics, with effects varying with engine speeds. High NOx emissions were observed under low engine speed conditions due to hydrogen combustion near stoichiometric ratio.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Paolo Sementa, Jacson Beltrao de Vargas Antolini, Cinzia Tornatore, Francesco Catapano, Bianca Maria Vaglieco, Jose Javier Lopez Sanchez
Summary: This study investigates the performance and emissions of a single-cylinder SI engine operating under lean-burn hydrogen combustion and compares it to methane under similar conditions. The results show that hydrogen combustion achieves stable combustion with lower pollutant emissions and higher efficiency, making it a promising clean fuel to replace conventional fuels.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Review
Energy & Fuels
S. T. P. Purayil, Mohammad O. Hamdan, S. A. B. Al-Omari, M. Y. E. Selim, E. Elnajjar
Summary: Rapid depletion of conventional fossil fuels and increasing environmental concern have led to an urgent need for research on finding an alternative fuel with minimal environmental impacts. Hydrogen is considered as an important fuel for the future, as it addresses the aforementioned pressing issues. This review critically analyzes the combustion performance, emission, and cyclic variation characteristics of a hydrogen-gasoline dual fuel engine. According to scientific literature, hydrogen-gasoline dual fuel engines exhibit good thermal efficiency at low and partial loads, but their performance deteriorates at high loads.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Ismail I. Hdaib, Jehad A. A. Yamin, Eiman Ali Eh Sheet
Summary: The study demonstrated that adding hydrogen to lean fuel mixtures can reduce carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxide levels, while improving combustion efficiency. However, hydrogen combustion has a faster burning speed compared to gasoline, resulting in slightly different heat release characteristics.
TEHNICKI VJESNIK-TECHNICAL GAZETTE
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Jianbing Gao, Guohong Tian, Chaochen Ma, Shikai Xing, Liyong Huang
Summary: Opposed rotary piston engines have high power density and can be used as an ideal power source for hybrid vehicles and range extended electric vehicles. Hydrogen applications can demonstrate the advantages of these engines but worsen nitrogen oxides emissions. Lean-burn was adopted in this investigation to achieve low nitrogen oxides emissions, with results showing that engine speed of 3000 r/min had the highest in-cylinder pressure during combustion and significant increase in heat loss rates through cylinder walls with engine speed.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Gu Xin, Changwei Ji, Shuofeng Wang, Hao Meng, Ke Chang, Jinxin Yang
Summary: This experimental study investigates the suppression of heat release rate in a hydrogen-fueled engine through the addition of ammonia. The results show that adding small amounts of ammonia decreases the combustion rate, prolongs flame development and propagation durations, reduces pressure and heat release rate peaks, and increases peak effective pressure and thermal efficiency. However, it also leads to increased nitrogen oxide emissions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Masakuni Oikawa, Yoshihisa Kojiya, Ryota Sato, Keisuke Goma, Yasuo Takagi, Yuji Mihara
Summary: The Plume Ignition Combustion Concept (PCC) proposed by the authors improves thermal efficiency in a hydrogen engine by spark-igniting the plume of a hydrogen jet, reducing cooling loss, and maintaining high power. By applying PCC to a lean-burn regime and introducing supercharging, further improvements in thermal efficiency and power output were achieved.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Selcuk Sarikoc
Summary: This paper presents a novel approach to assess the environmental and enviro-economic impact of an SI engine under different loads and fuel blends. The results show that adding methanol to gasoline increases the fuel consumption rate while adding hydrogen reduces it. Methanol slightly increases the CO2 environmental impact, whereas hydrogen significantly reduces it. Methanol decreases NO emissions, while hydrogen increases it. The study also calculates the enviro-economic effect of the different fuel blends. The findings provide new insights into the use of alternative fuels in internal combustion engines.
Article
Thermodynamics
Nicolas Iafrate, Mickael Matrat, Jean-Marc Zaccardi
Summary: Hydrogen supplementation enhances the performance of lean-burn gasoline spark-ignition engines by improving combustion efficiency and reducing emissions. Chemical kinetics calculations show that hydrogen addition increases combustion speed and improves flame propagation, leading to better overall combustion stability.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yingna Du, Chen Huang, Wei Jiang, Qiangwei Yan, Yongfei Li, Gang Chen
Summary: In this study, anionic surfactants modified hydrotalcite was used as a flow improver for crude oil under low-temperature conditions. The modified hydrotalcite showed a significant viscosity reduction effect on crude oil. The mechanism of the modified hydrotalcite on viscosity and pour point of crude oil was explored through characterization and analysis of the modified hydrotalcite and oil samples.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mohammad Saeid Rostami, Mohammad Mehdi Khodaei
Summary: In this study, a hybrid structure, MIL-53(Al)@MWCNT, was synthesized by combining MIL-53(Al) particles and -COOH functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT). The hybrid structure was then embedded in a polyethersulfone (PES) polymer matrix to prepare a mixed matrix membrane (MMM) for CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 separation. The addition of MWCNTs prevented MIL-53(Al) aggregation, improved membrane mechanical properties, and enhanced gas separation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yunlong Li, Desheng Huang, Xiaomeng Dong, Daoyong Yang
Summary: This study develops theoretical and experimental techniques to determine the phase behavior and physical properties of DME/flue gas/water/heavy oil systems. Eight constant composition expansion (CCE) tests are conducted to obtain new experimental data. A thermodynamic model is used to accurately predict saturation pressure and swelling factors, as well as the phase boundaries of N2/heavy oil systems and DME/CO2/heavy oil systems, with high accuracy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Morteza Afkhamipour, Ebad Seifi, Arash Esmaeili, Mohammad Shamsi, Tohid N. Borhani
Summary: Non-conventional amines are being researched worldwide to overcome the limitations of traditional amines like MEA and MDEA. Adequate process and thermodynamic models are crucial for understanding the applicability and performance of these amines in CO2 absorption, but studies on process modeling for these amines are limited. This study used rate-based modeling and Deshmukh-Mather method to model CO2 absorption by DETA solution in a packed column, validated the model with experimental data, and conducted a sensitivity analysis of mass transfer correlations. The study also compared the CO2 absorption efficiency of DETA solution with an ionic solvent [bmim]-[PF6] and highlighted the importance of finding optimum operational parameters for maximum absorption efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Arastoo Abdi, Mohamad Awarke, M. Reza Malayeri, Masoud Riazi
Summary: The utilization of smart water in EOR operations has gained attention, but more research is needed to understand the complex mechanisms involved. This study investigated the interfacial tension between smart water and crude oil, considering factors such as salt, pH, asphaltene type, and aged smart water. The results revealed that the hydration of ions in smart water plays a key role in its efficacy, with acidic and basic asphaltene acting as intrinsic surfactants. The pH also influenced the interfacial tension, and the aged smart water's interaction with crude oil depended on asphaltene type, salt, and salinity.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Dongao Zhu, Kun Zhu, Lixian Xu, Haiyan Huang, Jing He, Wenshuai Zhu, Huaming Li, Wei Jiang
Summary: In this study, cobalt-based metal-organic frameworks (Co-based MOFs) were used as supports and co-catalysts to confine the NHPI catalyst, solving the leaching issue. The NHPI@Co-MOF with carboxyl groups exhibited stronger acidity and facilitated the generation of active oxygen radicals O2•, resulting in enhanced catalytic activity. This research provides valuable insights into the selection of suitable organic linkers and broadens the research horizon of MOF hybrids in efficient oxidative desulfurization (ODS) applications.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Edwin G. Hoyos, Gloria Amo-Duodu, U. Gulsum Kiral, Laura Vargas-Estrada, Raquel Lebrero, Rail Munoz
Summary: This study investigated the impact of carbon-coated zero-valent nanoparticle concentration on photosynthetic biogas upgrading. The addition of nanoparticles significantly increased microalgae productivity and enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus assimilation. The presence of nanoparticles also improved the quality of biomethane produced.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yao Xiao, Asma Leghari, Linfeng Liu, Fangchao Yu, Ming Gao, Lu Ding, Yu Yang, Xueli Chen, Xiaoyu Yan, Fuchen Wang
Summary: Iron is added as a flocculant in wastewater treatment and the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of sludge produces wastewater containing Fe. This study investigates the effect of aqueous phase (AP) recycling on hydrochar properties, iron evolution and environmental assessment during HTC of sludge. The results show that AP recycling process improves the dewatering performance of hydrochar and facilitates the recovery of Fe from the liquid phase.
Article
Energy & Fuels
He Liang, Tao Wang, Zhenmin Luo, Jianliang Yu, Weizhai Yi, Fangming Cheng, Jingyu Zhao, Xingqing Yan, Jun Deng, Jihao Shi
Summary: This study investigated the influence of inhibitors (carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and heptafluoropropane) on the lower flammability limit of hydrogen and determined the critical inhibitory concentration needed for complete suppression. The impact of inhibitors on explosive characteristics was evaluated, and the inhibitory mechanism was analyzed with chemical kinetics. The results showed that with the increase of inhibitor quantity, the lower flammability limit of hydrogen also increased. The research findings can contribute to the safe utilization of hydrogen energy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zonghui Liu, Zhongze Zhang, Yali Zhou, Ziling Wang, Mingyang Du, Zhe Wen, Bing Yan, Qingxiang Ma, Na Liu, Bing Xue
Summary: In this study, high-performance solid catalysts based on phosphotungstic acid (HPW) supported on Zr-SBA-15 were synthesized and evaluated for the one-pot conversion of furfural (FUR) to γ-valerolactone (GVL). The catalysts were characterized using various techniques, and the ratio of HPW and Zr was found to significantly affect the selectivity of GVL. The HPW/Zr-SBA-15 (2-4-15) catalyst exhibited the highest GVL yield (83%) under optimized reaction conditions, and it was determined that a balance between Bronsted acid sites (BAS) and Lewis acid sites (LAS) was crucial for achieving higher catalytic performance. The reaction parameters and catalyst stability were also investigated.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Michael Stoehr, Stephan Ruoff, Bastian Rauch, Wolfgang Meier, Patrick Le Clercq
Summary: As part of the global energy transition, an experimental study was conducted to understand the effects of different fuel properties on droplet vaporization for various conventional and alternative fuels. The study utilized a flow channel to measure the evolution of droplet diameters over time and distance. The results revealed the temperature-dependent effects of physical properties, such as boiling point, liquid density, and enthalpy of vaporization, and showed the complex interactions of preferential vaporization and temperature-dependent influences of physical properties for multi-component fuels.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yuan Zhuang, Ruikang Wu, Xinyan Wang, Rui Zhai, Changyong Gao
Summary: Through experimental validation and optimization of the chemical kinetic model, it was found that methanol can accelerate the oxidation reaction of ammonia, and methanol can be rapidly oxidized at high concentration. HO2 was found to generate a significant amount of OH radicals, facilitating the oxidation of methanol and ammonia. Rating: 7.5/10.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Radwan M. EL-Zohairy, Ahmed S. Attia, A. S. Huzayyin, Ahmed I. EL-Seesy
Summary: This paper presents a lab-scale experimental study on the impact of diethyl ether (DEE) as an additive to waste cooking oil biodiesel with Jet A-1 on combustion and emission features of a swirl-stabilized premixed flame. The addition of DEE to biodiesel significantly affects the flame temperature distribution and emissions. The W20D20 blend of DEE, biodiesel, and Jet A-1 shows similar flame temperature distribution to Jet A-1 and significantly reduces UHC, CO, and NOx emissions compared to Jet A-1.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jiang Bian, Ziyuan Zhao, Yang Liu, Ran Cheng, Xuerui Zang, Xuewen Cao
Summary: This study presents a novel method for ammonia separation using supersonic flow and develops a mathematical model to investigate the condensation phenomenon. The results demonstrate that the L-P nucleation model accurately characterizes the nucleation process of ammonia at low temperatures. Numerical simulations also show that increasing pressure and concentration can enhance ammonia condensation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shiyuan Pan, Xiaodan Shi, Beibei Dong, Jan Skvaril, Haoran Zhang, Yongtu Liang, Hailong Li
Summary: Integrating CO2 capture with biomass-fired combined heat and power (bio-CHP) plants is a promising method for achieving negative emissions. This study develops a reliable data-driven model based on the Transformer architecture to predict the flowrate and CO2 concentration of flue gas in real time. The model validation shows high prediction accuracy, and the potential impact of meteorological parameters on model accuracy is assessed. The results demonstrate that the Transformer model outperforms other models and using near-infrared spectral data as input features improves the prediction accuracy.