Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
M. Angeles Stegmayer, M. Laura Godoy, John F. Munera, Eduardo E. Miro, Viviana G. Milt
Summary: In this study, CeO2 nanofibers were directly grown in situ on cordierite monoliths by hydrothermal synthesis for diesel soot combustion. The results showed that mechanical stirring during the synthesis was necessary to obtain desired nanofibers and ensure uniform coverage and good anchoring to the substrate. The monolithic catalyst with CeO2 nanoarray exhibited catalytic oxidation activity similar to bare CeO2 fibers.
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Qiang Liu, Aijing Ma, Chengwei Liu, Yufei Li, Dan Liu, Jianzhou Gui
Summary: A catalytic combustion approach using urchin-structured Fe2O3 microspheres supported potassium (K/Fe2O3 US) was developed for diesel soot elimination, showing superior activities with ignition temperatures at 300°C and 351°C for 10% and 50% conversion rates, respectively. The urchin structure improved the contact efficiency between catalyst and soot, while potassium loading increased active oxygen species for enhanced oxidation properties.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jiangjun Wei, Chenyang Fan, Yuan Zhuang, Zheng Fu, Ze Guan, Haizhao Li, Deliang Li, Yejian Qian
Summary: The mechanism of soot catalytical oxidation was investigated through various experiments, including temperature-programmed-oxidation (TPO), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer, and Raman scattering spectrometer. It was found that ceria catalyst enhances the consumption of amorphous carbon and improves the structure and composition of soot surface, facilitating the oxidation reactions.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ziming Yang, Timothy H. Lee, Yikai Li, Wan-Ting Chen, Yuanhui Zhang
Summary: Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) can convert wet biowaste into biocrude diesel, serving as a massive source of renewable energy. HTL fuel shows similar performance and emission levels to diesel in diesel engines, without the need for major modifications to the engine control strategy. However, under low temperature and low oxygen conditions, the soot luminosity peak of HTL fuel is significantly higher than that of diesel.
Article
Thermodynamics
Xiaohuan Zhao, Hongyan Zuo, Guohai Jia
Summary: In this paper, a nonlinear soot regeneration combustion pressure model (NSRCMP model) is established and used for Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) simulation study. The study finds that cell density and permeability have significant effects on soot loading time and pressure drop, with cell density being a key parameter affecting the overall system pressure.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
G. Zamboni, M. Capobianco
Summary: The study identified that a 40% blend of UCOME with conventional diesel led to the highest brake thermal efficiency, reduced NOX emissions, and advantageous combustion parameters. Increasing biodiesel content resulted in lower soot emissions and unaffected combustion stability.
BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Ziming Yang, Chunguang Fei, Yikai Li, Dongfang Wang, Chenhan Sun
Summary: The effects of blending different long carbon-chain alcohols into diesel on combustion characteristics and soot emissions under different ambient temperatures were investigated. It was found that the physical and chemical properties of alcohols have a competitive effect on the combustion characteristics of alcohol-diesel blended fuels. The combustion pressures of alcohol-diesel blends were lower than pure diesel, especially under higher ambient temperatures. Alcohol blending improved combustion efficiency. The ignition delay times decreased with longer carbon chain lengths of alcohols under low ambient temperature conditions, whereas this trend was reversed at higher ambient temperatures. Propanol or hexanol blending inhibited soot generation at low ambient temperatures, while other alcohols promoted it. Interestingly, all alcohol-diesel blends inhibited soot generation at high ambient temperatures, with propanol being the most effective.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Heeje Seong, Buyu Wang, Michael Pamminger, Thomas Wallner
Summary: Gasoline compression ignition (GCI) technology shows slightly lower soot emissions and a more favorable NOx-soot trade-off compared to diesel during high-load combustion, despite similar characteristics in particle distribution shapes, carbon crystalline structures, and primary particle sizes between gasoline and diesel soot samples.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Chunlei Zhang, Di Yu, Chao Peng, Lanyi Wang, Xuehua Yu, Yuechang Wei, Jian Liu, Zhen Zhao
Summary: This paper discusses the importance of catalytic after-treatment exhaust technology in removing diesel soot particles, focusing on the preparation methods and applications of three-dimensional ordered macroporous catalysts. The latest research progress on the catalytic performance and mechanism of these catalysts for soot particle combustion is summarized, and the future development trends are proposed.
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Julie Schobing, Alain Brillard, Gontrand Leyssens
Summary: Oxidation experiments were conducted to simulate the oxidation of biodiesel soot in a catalyzed diesel particulate filter. The results showed that the size of carbon particles and the contact between carbon and catalyst influenced the reactivity. Water and sodium also had an impact on the catalyst efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zhaowen Wang, Xiaojie Li, Lin Xiang, Yuhan Huang, Bing Lang, Xiaobei Cheng, Jie Zhang
Summary: This study compares the spray combustion characteristics of neat diesel, neat RP-3 and RP-3/diesel blends under different conditions. The results show that the blending ratio of RP-3 has significant effects on the spray and combustion processes. RP-3/diesel blends exhibit faster evaporation and lower soot emissions than neat diesel and RP-3 alone.
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Chaoqian Ai, Yifan Du, Bolin Wen, Ronglu Shu, Liping Cao, Wei Wang
Summary: Mullite whiskers were prepared on the wall of cordierite honeycomb ceramics to form a hierarchical microstructure. Co/CZ@M/C sample exhibited good structural stability and stable catalytic performance, showing potential application in the diesel particulate filter field.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Chunmei Cao, Hua Yang, Jieyu Xiao, Xingchuan Yang, Baozeng Ren, Li Xu, Guoji Liu, Xingang Li
Summary: A series of potassium promoted transition metal oxide crossed nanosheets showed higher catalytic activity for soot oxidation, with KCo-NS performing the best. The interaction between potassium and transition metal oxides generated more oxygen vacancies and active oxygen species. Different catalysts displayed varying catalytic abilities under O-2/N-2 atmosphere or with the introduction of NO.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yunrong Zhao, Aijing Ma, Gangguo Zhao, Jianshen Wang, Shaopu Hu, Dan Liu, Alex T. Kuvarega, Bhekie B. Mamba, Jianzhou Gui
Summary: In this study, a uniform acanthosphere-like CeO2 catalyst endowed with porous spikes was designed and prepared, showing outstanding catalytic performance and high thermal stability.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Samantha Da Costa, Akshay Salkar, Anand Krishnasamy, Ravi Fernandes, Pranay Morajkar
Summary: This study investigates the impact of biodiesel additives on soot formation and mitigation, revealing that a blend of 25% MB-75% diesel fuel has the lowest sooting propensity and activation energy for soot oxidation, while a blend of 25% MC-75% diesel fuel has relatively higher sooting propensity and activation energy. This suggests that the structural differences in the surrogate fuels influence soot formation and oxidation kinetics, an important consideration for global multiphase kinetic models for biodiesel-diesel fuel combustion.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Theophile Vitoussia, Alain Brillard, Damaris Kehrli, Alexis Kemajou, Ebenezer Njeugna, Jean-Francois Brilhac
Summary: The thermal degradation profiles and kinetic parameters of pellets made from three Cameroonian biomass were studied through pyrolysis and combustion processes. The results were compared to the base materials to assess the thermal behavior of the pellets.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Gwenaelle Trouve, Alain Brillard, Pavel Maryandyshev, Damaris Kehrli, Marat Eseev, Viktor Lyubov, Jean-Francois Brilhac
Summary: Torrefaction of hydrolysis lignin samples at different isothermal temperatures and residence times resulted in increased carbon content, higher heating values, and elevated potassium percentage in the torrefied samples. The structural changes in the material became chaotic with increasing isothermal temperature and residence time.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Samuel Epesse Misse, Alain Brillard, Pavel Mayandyshev, Jean-Franscois Brilhac, Marcel Obonou
Summary: This study investigated the thermal degradation profiles and associated kinetic parameters of twelve Cameroonian woody biomass samples. It was found that there were no significant differences in the average values of the kinetic parameters among the samples.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Guillaume Moser, Cornelius Schonnenbeck, Valerie Tschamber, Alain Brillard, Jean-Francois Brilhac
Summary: This study investigated the use of magnesium powder as a metal fuel for energy production through slow oxidation. Experimental results showed that particle size has an influence on the oxidation process, and a three-step kinetic model involving heat transfers was proposed to describe the slow oxidation of magnesium.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Theophile Vitoussia, Alain Brillard, Justin Bertsch, Olivier Allgaier, Gontrand Leyssens, Cornelius Schoennenbeck, Ebenezer Njeugna, Jean-Francois Brilhac
Summary: In Sub-Saharan countries, an improved pellet cookstove was designed to improve cooking behavior and reduce deforestation. Tests showed low pollutant emissions and high efficiency of the cookstove, making it a promising solution for sustainable cooking in the region.
SN APPLIED SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Alain Brillard, Jean-Francois Brilhac
Summary: This study proposes improved relationships between kinetic parameters associated with biomass pyrolysis or combustion processes, which enhance the kinetic compensation effect. These relationships are implemented as part of the Extended Independent Parallel Reaction (EIPR) model through analysis of mass and mass rate curves and experimental data.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Julie Schobing, Alain Brillard, Gontrand Leyssens
Summary: Oxidation experiments were conducted to simulate the oxidation of biodiesel soot in a catalyzed diesel particulate filter. The results showed that the size of carbon particles and the contact between carbon and catalyst influenced the reactivity. Water and sodium also had an impact on the catalyst efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Alexei Kangash, Damaris Kehrli, Pavel Maryandyshev, Alain Brillard, Viktor Lyubov, Jean-Francois Brilhac
Summary: This study analyzes the impact of high moisture contents in Russian peat samples on their combustion behavior. The research finds that the influence of high moisture contents on the combustion behavior of wet peat samples can be considered negligible under low heating rates. However, following the Russian standards to limit the moisture content of peat samples below 52% can reduce the energy required for the drying process.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Tomasz Wronski, Cornelius Schonnenbeck, Nabila Zouaoui-Mahzoul, Alain Brillard, Jean-Francois Brilhac
Summary: The study focuses on modelling a cold and swirling airflow in a magnesium burner, and the existence of a significant recirculation zone in the burner is confirmed. The correct simulation of the cold flow and the creation of a recirculation zone are crucial in accurately predicting the high flame temperature and the turbulent mixture of solid fuel and products. Experimental measurements validate the simulation results, with the standard k-epsilon model proving to accurately predict velocity profiles in low swirl cases and the RSM model proving to accurately predict the position, size, and shape of the central recirculation zone in high swirl cases.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MECHANICS B-FLUIDS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Alain Brillard, Patrick Gilot, Jean-Francois Brilhac, Valerie Tschamber
Summary: This study presents a simple model for simulating combustion processes in a drop tube furnace, which is much simpler than other available models. The model assumes that a coal char particle remains spherical during combustion and is based on two differential equations describing the evolution of particle temperature and oxygen concentration with respect to time. This model also provides access to local quantities to characterize the combustion process, and its validity is demonstrated through comparisons with experimental data.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Aleksei Kangash, Damaris Kehrli, Pavel Maryandyshev, Alain Brillard, Valerie Tschamber
Summary: Pyrolysis and combustion experiments were conducted on two commonly used facemasks in Russia, and the by-products and gaseous emissions were analyzed. The results indicate that both masks undergo thermal decomposition and combustion mainly between 200 and 500 degrees Celsius. Significant differences were observed in the experimental results of the two masks due to the different fiber materials used.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Aleksei Kangash, Muhammad Shakeel Virk, Pavel Maryandyshev, Alain Brillard
Summary: The wind characteristics of three Russian sites near Arkhangelsk were evaluated using direct optimization procedures. The results showed that these procedures yielded lower errors compared to classical methods or formulas proposed in the literature. The optimal parameters for simulating wind directions were also determined using the optimization procedures.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Pavel Maryandyshev, Aleksei Kangash, Gwenaelle Trouve, Nicolas Rifflet, Sergei Pokryshkin, Viktor Lyubov, Alain Brillard
Summary: Slow pyrolysis experiments were conducted on Russian feedstock at 500 degrees C, with results showing differences in the chemical composition of the pyrolysis products. Hydrolysis lignin released the highest amount of phenol molecules, while peat produced a large quantity of sugars. The pyrolysis products of mixed sewage sludge were similar to those of spruce and pine samples.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Youssef Berro, Damaris Kehrli, Jean-Francois Brilhac, Marianne Balat-Pichelin
Summary: The production of metallic powders using a Sol@rmet reactor at low pressure and with concentrated solar power was studied, with a focus on the effects of charcoal reducing agents and bentonite binder on metallic conversion. Experimental results showed the catalytic-like role of the bentonite binder in achieving high Mg yield and purity.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY & FUELS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
P. A. Maryandyshev, A. Kangash, S. A. Pokryshkin, V. K. Lyubov, G. Trouve, A. Brillard, J-F Brilhac
Summary: The thermal decomposition of various types of biofuel was investigated using pyrolytic gas chromatography, where chromatograms were obtained for 5 biofuel samples and more than 40 components were identified and classified into 8 groups. Qualitative analysis of the pyrolysis products was conducted and the results for different biofuels were compared.
SOLID FUEL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yingna Du, Chen Huang, Wei Jiang, Qiangwei Yan, Yongfei Li, Gang Chen
Summary: In this study, anionic surfactants modified hydrotalcite was used as a flow improver for crude oil under low-temperature conditions. The modified hydrotalcite showed a significant viscosity reduction effect on crude oil. The mechanism of the modified hydrotalcite on viscosity and pour point of crude oil was explored through characterization and analysis of the modified hydrotalcite and oil samples.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mohammad Saeid Rostami, Mohammad Mehdi Khodaei
Summary: In this study, a hybrid structure, MIL-53(Al)@MWCNT, was synthesized by combining MIL-53(Al) particles and -COOH functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT). The hybrid structure was then embedded in a polyethersulfone (PES) polymer matrix to prepare a mixed matrix membrane (MMM) for CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 separation. The addition of MWCNTs prevented MIL-53(Al) aggregation, improved membrane mechanical properties, and enhanced gas separation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yunlong Li, Desheng Huang, Xiaomeng Dong, Daoyong Yang
Summary: This study develops theoretical and experimental techniques to determine the phase behavior and physical properties of DME/flue gas/water/heavy oil systems. Eight constant composition expansion (CCE) tests are conducted to obtain new experimental data. A thermodynamic model is used to accurately predict saturation pressure and swelling factors, as well as the phase boundaries of N2/heavy oil systems and DME/CO2/heavy oil systems, with high accuracy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Morteza Afkhamipour, Ebad Seifi, Arash Esmaeili, Mohammad Shamsi, Tohid N. Borhani
Summary: Non-conventional amines are being researched worldwide to overcome the limitations of traditional amines like MEA and MDEA. Adequate process and thermodynamic models are crucial for understanding the applicability and performance of these amines in CO2 absorption, but studies on process modeling for these amines are limited. This study used rate-based modeling and Deshmukh-Mather method to model CO2 absorption by DETA solution in a packed column, validated the model with experimental data, and conducted a sensitivity analysis of mass transfer correlations. The study also compared the CO2 absorption efficiency of DETA solution with an ionic solvent [bmim]-[PF6] and highlighted the importance of finding optimum operational parameters for maximum absorption efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Arastoo Abdi, Mohamad Awarke, M. Reza Malayeri, Masoud Riazi
Summary: The utilization of smart water in EOR operations has gained attention, but more research is needed to understand the complex mechanisms involved. This study investigated the interfacial tension between smart water and crude oil, considering factors such as salt, pH, asphaltene type, and aged smart water. The results revealed that the hydration of ions in smart water plays a key role in its efficacy, with acidic and basic asphaltene acting as intrinsic surfactants. The pH also influenced the interfacial tension, and the aged smart water's interaction with crude oil depended on asphaltene type, salt, and salinity.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Dongao Zhu, Kun Zhu, Lixian Xu, Haiyan Huang, Jing He, Wenshuai Zhu, Huaming Li, Wei Jiang
Summary: In this study, cobalt-based metal-organic frameworks (Co-based MOFs) were used as supports and co-catalysts to confine the NHPI catalyst, solving the leaching issue. The NHPI@Co-MOF with carboxyl groups exhibited stronger acidity and facilitated the generation of active oxygen radicals O2•, resulting in enhanced catalytic activity. This research provides valuable insights into the selection of suitable organic linkers and broadens the research horizon of MOF hybrids in efficient oxidative desulfurization (ODS) applications.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Edwin G. Hoyos, Gloria Amo-Duodu, U. Gulsum Kiral, Laura Vargas-Estrada, Raquel Lebrero, Rail Munoz
Summary: This study investigated the impact of carbon-coated zero-valent nanoparticle concentration on photosynthetic biogas upgrading. The addition of nanoparticles significantly increased microalgae productivity and enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus assimilation. The presence of nanoparticles also improved the quality of biomethane produced.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yao Xiao, Asma Leghari, Linfeng Liu, Fangchao Yu, Ming Gao, Lu Ding, Yu Yang, Xueli Chen, Xiaoyu Yan, Fuchen Wang
Summary: Iron is added as a flocculant in wastewater treatment and the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of sludge produces wastewater containing Fe. This study investigates the effect of aqueous phase (AP) recycling on hydrochar properties, iron evolution and environmental assessment during HTC of sludge. The results show that AP recycling process improves the dewatering performance of hydrochar and facilitates the recovery of Fe from the liquid phase.
Article
Energy & Fuels
He Liang, Tao Wang, Zhenmin Luo, Jianliang Yu, Weizhai Yi, Fangming Cheng, Jingyu Zhao, Xingqing Yan, Jun Deng, Jihao Shi
Summary: This study investigated the influence of inhibitors (carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and heptafluoropropane) on the lower flammability limit of hydrogen and determined the critical inhibitory concentration needed for complete suppression. The impact of inhibitors on explosive characteristics was evaluated, and the inhibitory mechanism was analyzed with chemical kinetics. The results showed that with the increase of inhibitor quantity, the lower flammability limit of hydrogen also increased. The research findings can contribute to the safe utilization of hydrogen energy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zonghui Liu, Zhongze Zhang, Yali Zhou, Ziling Wang, Mingyang Du, Zhe Wen, Bing Yan, Qingxiang Ma, Na Liu, Bing Xue
Summary: In this study, high-performance solid catalysts based on phosphotungstic acid (HPW) supported on Zr-SBA-15 were synthesized and evaluated for the one-pot conversion of furfural (FUR) to γ-valerolactone (GVL). The catalysts were characterized using various techniques, and the ratio of HPW and Zr was found to significantly affect the selectivity of GVL. The HPW/Zr-SBA-15 (2-4-15) catalyst exhibited the highest GVL yield (83%) under optimized reaction conditions, and it was determined that a balance between Bronsted acid sites (BAS) and Lewis acid sites (LAS) was crucial for achieving higher catalytic performance. The reaction parameters and catalyst stability were also investigated.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Michael Stoehr, Stephan Ruoff, Bastian Rauch, Wolfgang Meier, Patrick Le Clercq
Summary: As part of the global energy transition, an experimental study was conducted to understand the effects of different fuel properties on droplet vaporization for various conventional and alternative fuels. The study utilized a flow channel to measure the evolution of droplet diameters over time and distance. The results revealed the temperature-dependent effects of physical properties, such as boiling point, liquid density, and enthalpy of vaporization, and showed the complex interactions of preferential vaporization and temperature-dependent influences of physical properties for multi-component fuels.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yuan Zhuang, Ruikang Wu, Xinyan Wang, Rui Zhai, Changyong Gao
Summary: Through experimental validation and optimization of the chemical kinetic model, it was found that methanol can accelerate the oxidation reaction of ammonia, and methanol can be rapidly oxidized at high concentration. HO2 was found to generate a significant amount of OH radicals, facilitating the oxidation of methanol and ammonia. Rating: 7.5/10.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Radwan M. EL-Zohairy, Ahmed S. Attia, A. S. Huzayyin, Ahmed I. EL-Seesy
Summary: This paper presents a lab-scale experimental study on the impact of diethyl ether (DEE) as an additive to waste cooking oil biodiesel with Jet A-1 on combustion and emission features of a swirl-stabilized premixed flame. The addition of DEE to biodiesel significantly affects the flame temperature distribution and emissions. The W20D20 blend of DEE, biodiesel, and Jet A-1 shows similar flame temperature distribution to Jet A-1 and significantly reduces UHC, CO, and NOx emissions compared to Jet A-1.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jiang Bian, Ziyuan Zhao, Yang Liu, Ran Cheng, Xuerui Zang, Xuewen Cao
Summary: This study presents a novel method for ammonia separation using supersonic flow and develops a mathematical model to investigate the condensation phenomenon. The results demonstrate that the L-P nucleation model accurately characterizes the nucleation process of ammonia at low temperatures. Numerical simulations also show that increasing pressure and concentration can enhance ammonia condensation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shiyuan Pan, Xiaodan Shi, Beibei Dong, Jan Skvaril, Haoran Zhang, Yongtu Liang, Hailong Li
Summary: Integrating CO2 capture with biomass-fired combined heat and power (bio-CHP) plants is a promising method for achieving negative emissions. This study develops a reliable data-driven model based on the Transformer architecture to predict the flowrate and CO2 concentration of flue gas in real time. The model validation shows high prediction accuracy, and the potential impact of meteorological parameters on model accuracy is assessed. The results demonstrate that the Transformer model outperforms other models and using near-infrared spectral data as input features improves the prediction accuracy.
