Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hwa-Young Lee, Rockli Kim, Soong-Nang Jang, Ichiro Kawachi
Summary: This study examined the relative importance of ecological factors in reducing the geographic variation in suicide rates in Seoul. The findings suggest that ecological micro-area units play a significant role in reducing the variability in suicide rates. More diverse ecological-level data should be collected to develop targeted suicide prevention policies in specific areas.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hwa-Young Lee, Rockli Kim, Soong-Nang Jang, Ichiro Kawachi
Summary: The study found that within-Gu, between-Dong differences played a significant role in the geographic variation of suicide rates in Seoul, with the contribution of the Gu level being relatively small. The number of divorce cases per 100,000 population explained a large fraction of the variation in suicide rates at the Dong level.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Yuzhe He, Ning He, Haigang Yu, Ren Zhang, Kang Yan
Summary: This article introduces a multi-scale pedestrian detection network that considers the problem of multi-scale detection at both macro and micro levels. By predicting the shape and location of anchors and using switchable atrous convolution, the model effectively solves the problem of scale differences in pedestrian detection. Experimental results show that the proposed model substantially improves the performance of multi-scale pedestrian detection.
MULTIMEDIA SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Axel Crocherie, James Pond, Federico Duque Gomez, Kevin Channon, Frederic Fantoni
Summary: This study presents a new optical simulation methodology to analyze stray light contribution due to sensor reflectivity by coupling electromagnetic simulation and ray-tracing simulation. The qualitative reproduction of red ghost images observed on different sensors was achieved using this simulation flow.
Article
Thermodynamics
Faeez Ahmad, Arman Rahimi, Evangelos Tsotsas, Marc Prat, Abdolreza Kharaghani
Summary: The study investigates solute transport in capillary porous media during drying, comparing the results of a continuum model and pore network simulations to evaluate the predictive capability of the continuum model. Using Monte Carlo simulations, the heterogeneity of the liquid phase structure is characterized, and the probability of first solid crystals appearing is discussed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2021)
Review
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Byullee Park, Donghyeon Oh, Jeesu Kim, Chulhong Kim
Summary: Functional photoacoustic imaging is a promising biological imaging technique that provides scalable resolution, imaging depth, and functional information. It can capture super-resolution images at the nanoscale and measure various physiological parameters at the microscopic and macroscopic scales. This comprehensive review discusses recent advances in technology and applications, and explores the future prospects of functional photoacoustic imaging in the biomedical field.
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Yuki Otsuka, Junichi Tatami, Isao Yamamoto, Motoyuki Iijima, Tatsuki Ohji
Summary: This study investigated the strength of grains and grain boundaries in hydroxyapatite ceramics with different crystal orientations. The results showed that the strength of both the grains and grain boundaries were higher when the tensile stress was applied parallel to the c-axis compared to perpendicular orientation in the aligned material. These strengths were also significantly higher than those of randomly oriented ceramics. Furthermore, the polycrystalline strength was determined through three-point bending tests and showed similar values for aligned ceramics in both parallel and perpendicular stress applications, while the strength of randomly oriented ceramics was significantly lower. The results indicate that selective formation of high-strength grain boundaries due to c-axis alignment improves the mechanical properties of bulk ceramics.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Pan Wang, Enlong Liu, Bin Zhi
Summary: A multiscale incremental elastoplastic constitutive model for frozen soil is developed to reflect the internal mechanical mechanism through micro-thermo-mechanics and homogenization theory. The model includes two homogenization steps: breakage stage and constituent materials stage.
APPLIED MATHEMATICAL MODELLING
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Savino Longo, Gaia Micca Longo, Khaled Hassouni, Armelle Michau, Swaminathan Prasanna
Summary: This article discusses the use of computer modeling techniques based on stochastic processes theory to provide realistic simulations of nanoscopic systems behavior, particularly those related to plasma reactors in microelectronic device production. The study demonstrates the universality of such methods, enabling the development of highly reusable and versatile codes that can simulate across different scales. By conducting quantum calculations and stochastic transport equations solutions, researchers can describe systems for the production or treatment of nanomaterials, contributing to the control of solid-particle contamination in electronic component manufacturing and other fields.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Neha Mittal, Juhi Bhardwaj, Shruti Verma, Rajesh Kumar Singh, Renu Yadav, D. Kaur, Akshay Talukdar, Neelam Yadav, Rajendra Kumar
Summary: The present study aimed to assess the nutritional diversity of chickpea and identify novel genetic resources for breeding purposes. Nine chickpea genotypes were analyzed for their nutritional and phytochemical properties. EST sequences from the NCBI database were analyzed for SSRs and primers were designed. The genotypes PUSA-1103, K-850, PUSA-1108, PUSA-1053, and several newly designed EST-SSR markers were identified as potential resources for macro and micro nutrients. The genotypes showed significant differences in nutritional properties. Cluster analysis based on both nutritional and molecular diversity showed some partial matching. The identified genetic resources can be used for expanding the germplasm base and developing breeding strategies for chickpea targeting macro and micro nutrients.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ronald Turner, Gloria M. Castro, James Minto, Grainne El Mountassir, Rebecca J. Lunn
Summary: This study examines the effectiveness of microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) in treating fractured concrete. The results demonstrate the excellent penetrability of MICP and even distribution of precipitates along the core length. Treatment cycles led to a significant reduction in core permeability, and the effectiveness depended on fracture network characteristics. Additionally, bridging of precipitates across fracture surfaces resulted in a recovery of 26-50% of initial tensile strength.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Minfei Liang, Ze Chang, Yu Zhang, Hao Cheng, Shan He, Erik Schlangen, Branko Savija
Summary: This study aims to investigate the autogenous deformation and stress evolution in high-volume ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) concrete. The macro-scale autogenous deformation and stress evolution were studied using the Temperature Stress Testing Machine and Autogenous Deformation Testing Machine. The micro-scale origin of the autogenous deformation was explored using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and mercury intrusion porosimetry.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Richao Cong, Ruiyue Yang, Gensheng Li, Zhongwei Huang, Yanjin Gong, Meiyang Jing, Meiquan Lu
Summary: Understanding the geomechanical properties and heterogeneity of layered rocks is crucial for predicting fracture morphology and designing effective hydraulic fracturing methods. This study employed grid nanoindentation combined with high-resolution scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy techniques to investigate the mechanical differences between the sandstone layer and the mudstone layer in interbedded core rocks. The results revealed that the mechanical response of multiple minerals is determined by the softer phases, and different minerals exhibit diverse deformation and cracking patterns in different layers. The failures of the layered core rocks tend to occur along the mudstone layer due to its lower mechanical properties. Furthermore, with increasing confining pressure, the compressive strength of the layered core rocks increases and the failure mode changes.
ROCK MECHANICS AND ROCK ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hirotaka Koga, Kazuki Nagashima, Koichi Suematsu, Tsunaki Takahashi, Luting Zhu, Daiki Fukushima, Yintong Huang, Ryo Nakagawa, Jiangyang Liu, Kojiro Uetani, Masaya Nogi, Takeshi Yanagida, Yuta Nishina
Summary: Semiconducting nanomaterials with 3D network structures possess various attractive properties, but their structural design and electrical conductivity tunability are limited. To address this issue, a pyrolyzed cellulose nanofiber paper (CNP) semiconductor with a 3D network structure is proposed, which achieves nano-micro-macro trans-scale structural design and wide and systematic tunability of electrical conductivity.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Juergen Peter Gross, Juergen Malzbender, Ruth Schwaiger
Summary: The fracture strength of thin ceramic materials was studied using various testing methods, and the effective volume approach was found to be the most suitable. Fractographic analysis revealed that pores were the main failure initiating defect.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Evolutionary Biology
Erika L. Souche, Bart Hellemans, Massimiliano Babbucci, Eoin Macaoidh, Bruno Guinand, Luca Bargelloni, Dimitry A. Chistiakov, Tomaso Patarnello, Francois Bonhomme, Jann T. Martinsohn, Filip A. M. Volckaert
BIOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY
(2015)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Allison M. Churcher, Jose Martin Pujolar, Massimo Milan, Mar Huertas, Peter C. Hubbard, Luca Bargelloni, Tomaso Patarnello, Ilaria A. M. Marino, Lorenzo Zane, Adelino V. M. Canario
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS
(2015)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mariella Baratti, Federica Cattonaro, Tiziana Di Lorenzo, Diana Maria Paola Galassi, Valentina Iannilli, Alessio Iannucci, Just Jensen, Peter Foged Larsen, Rasmus O. Nielsen, Cino Pertoldi, Dragos Postolache, Jose Martin Pujolar, Ettore Randi, Aritz Ruiz-Gonzalez, Janne Pia Thirstrup, Giovanni Giuseppe Vendramin, Andrzej Zalewski
MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES
(2015)
Article
Ecology
M. W. Jacobsen, L. Smedegaard, S. R. Sorensen, J. M. Pujolar, P. Munk, B. Jonsson, E. Magnussen, M. M. Hansen
Article
Fisheries
J. M. Pujolar, S. Vincenzi, L. Zane, A. J. Crivelli
JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
(2016)
Article
Fisheries
J. M. Pujolar, A. L. Ferchaud, D. Bekkevold, M. M. Hansen
JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
J. M. Pujolar, L. Dalen, M. M. Hansen, J. Madsen
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Magnus W. Jacobsen, Jose Martin Pujolar, Lisette Pedersen, Michael M. Hansen
CONSERVATION GENETICS RESOURCES
(2018)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
J. M. Pujolar, L. Dalen, R. A. Olsen, M. M. Hansen, J. Madsen
Article
Fisheries
Rikke P. A. Madsen, Magnus W. Jacobsen, Kathleen G. O'Malley, Rasmus Nygaard, Kim Praebel, Bjarni Jonsson, Jose M. Pujolar, Dylan J. Fraser, Louis Bernatchez, Michael M. Hansen
ECOLOGY OF FRESHWATER FISH
(2020)
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Chiara Papetti, Massimiliano Babbucci, Agnes Dettai, Andrea Basso, Magnus Lucassen, Lars Harms, Celine Bonillo, Franz Maximilian Heindler, Tomaso Patarnello, Enrico Negrisolo
Summary: Vertebrate mitochondrial genomes typically have a typical gene order, but Antarctic notothenioid fish exhibit various rearrangements. The mechanisms of rearrangement in notothenioid mitochondrial genomes include transpositions, duplications, and inversions. Antarctic fish mitochondrial genomes show a history of rapid gene order disruptions, likely attributed to pre-existing genomic flexibility and purifying selection for functional restoration.
GENOME BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Magnus W. Jacobsen, Nana W. Jensen, Rasmus Nygaard, Kim Praebel, Bjarni Jonsson, Nynne Hjort Nielsen, Jose M. Pujolar, Dylan J. Fraser, Louis Bernatchez, Michael M. Hansen
Summary: This study analysed the mitochondrial genomes of different populations of Arctic char, revealing the phylogeographic relationships between different lineages and potential refugia and colonisation routes. The study found a secondary contact zone between Arctic and Atlantic evolutionary lineages in western Greenland, estimated the divergence time of lineages and the time of the most recent common ancestor, and suggested a complex history involving cryptic refugia or multiple recolonisations.
ECOLOGY OF FRESHWATER FISH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jose Martin Pujolar, Mozes P. K. Blom, Andrew Hart Reeve, Jonathan D. Kennedy, Petter Zahl Marki, Thorfinn S. Korneliussen, Benjamin G. Freeman, Katerina Sam, Ethan Linck, Tri Haryoko, Bulisa Iova, Bonny Koane, Gibson Maiah, Luda Paul, Martin Irestedt, Knud Andreas Jonsson
Summary: Using genomic data and demographic models, the authors show that populations in high elevations become isolated, while montane populations maintain gene flow for further colonization. Tropical mountains are important for Earth's biodiversity, with montane species typically inhabiting multiple mountainous regions. Pleistocene climate oscillations have had a significant impact on species demographics.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Jose Martin Pujolar, Magnus Wulff Jacobsen, Francesca Bertolini
Summary: Comparative genomic study on North Atlantic eels revealed putative genomic signatures of selection, suggesting impact on the evolution and adaptation of the species. Candidate genes related to eel migration and development were identified.
Article
Entomology
Di Liu, Andrea Basso, Massimiliano Babbucci, Tomaso Patarnello, Enrico Negrisolo
Summary: In this study, the evolution of the structure of the mitogenome in Papilionoidea was investigated, revealing new findings on the gene orders in different butterflies and describing two novel gene orders. The research analyzed large dataset and showed the complicated evolutionary scenario of 2S1GO in Lycaenidae, indicating multiple events of duplication and loss of trnS1.