Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ivonne Alexandra Bedei, Thierry A. G. M. Huisman, William Whitehead, Roland Axt-Fliedner, Michael Belfort, Magdalena Sanz Cortes
Summary: Fetal brain tumors are rare and have a poor prognosis. They differ from pediatric brain tumors in terms of location and tumor type. They can be benign or malignant and can invade or displace nearby brain structures. Their rapid growth is due to a high mitotic rate. The age of diagnosis, size, and histological tumor type are factors that determine the outcome. Polyhydramnios and macrocephaly are often associated findings on routine ultrasound. Prenatal counseling and decision making should consider both maternal and fetal prognosis.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Annette Wacker-Gussmann, Janette F. Strasburger, Ronald T. Wakai
Summary: The study found that fMCG contributes significantly to the accuracy and precision of fetal arrhythmia diagnosis and risk assessment, leading to changes in management. Additional findings beyond the referring echocardiogram or alternative diagnoses were seen in a large portion of cases in categories such as tachycardia, bradycardia/AV block, and familial long QT syndrome.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Kasemsri Srisupundit, Suchaya Luewan, Theera Tongsong
Summary: Fetal heart failure is a condition where the fetal heart is unable to deliver sufficient blood flow to organs, leading to various complications. Fetal echocardiography is crucial in diagnosing FHF and its underlying causes.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yanyu Chen, Zhuhao Wu, Joseph Sutlive, Ke Wu, Lu Mao, Jiabao Nie, Xing-Zhong Zhao, Feng Guo, Zi Chen, Qinqin Huang
Summary: Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD) is a method of detecting genetic disorders related to the fetus before birth by analyzing markers in the peripheral blood of pregnant women. Fetal-nucleated red blood cells (fNRBCs) can be used as biomarkers for NIPD due to their unique ability to carry the complete genetic information of the fetus. Recent advances in NIPD technologies are focused on isolating and analyzing fNRBCs, using both conventional and novel methods such as micro-/nanomaterials and microfluidic chips. The identification and clinical diagnostic potential of fNRBCs are also discussed, along with the challenges and future directions of using fNRBCs in NIPD treatment guidelines.
JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biophysics
Dirk Hoyer, Alexander Schmidt, Adelina Pytlik, Lukas Viehofer, Hernani Goncalves, Celia Amorim-Costa, Joao Bernardes, Diogo Ayres-de-Campos, Silvia M. Lobmaier, Uwe Schneider
Summary: This study investigates the transferability of established electrophysiological HRV indices to CTG recordings during the fetal maturation period. The results show that CTG can provide indices related to long-term regulation and models using HRV indices calculated from CTG allow for the identification of maturational age and discriminate fetal growth restriction (FGR) with almost similar precision as electrophysiological means. Further validation is needed to confirm the diagnostic potential of these CTG-specific HRV indices in monitoring fetal developmental disturbances.
PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASUREMENT
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Granlee V. Nguyen, Luis F. Goncalves, Jennifer Vaughn, Neil Friedman, Jessica Wickland, Patricia Cornejo
Summary: We present a method for prenatal diagnosis of Poland-Mobius syndrome using both ultrasound and MRI. The diagnosis of Poland syndrome was based on the absence of pectoralis muscles, dextroposition of the fetal heart, and elevation of the left diaphragm. Associated brain anomalies, including ventriculomegaly and abnormalities in the posterior aspect of the brain stem, were identified as reliable markers for Mobius syndrome. Careful examination of the brain stem can aid in the prenatal diagnosis of Mobius syndrome.
PEDIATRIC RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Silvia Visentin, Ambrogio P. Londero, Ilaria Cataneo, Federica Bellussi, Ginevra Salsi, Gianluigi Pilu, Erich Cosmi
Summary: The study found that prenatal standard EFW z-scores derived from either INTERGROWTH-21st project or Hadlock publications were more accurate in diagnosing SGA fetuses compared to other biometric methods, demonstrating a statistically significant advantage across different subgroups.
BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Yefei Zhang, Yanjun Deng, Zhixin Zhou, Xianfei Zhang, Pengfei Jiao, Zhidong Zhao
Summary: Cardiotocography (CTG) monitoring is an important tool for evaluating fetal well-being in late pregnancy. Intelligent CTG classification based on Fetal Heart Rate (FHR) signals can assist obstetricians in making clinical decisions. This study proposes a Multimodal Medical Information Fusion framework (MMIF) to address challenges in multimodal learning for Fetal Distress Diagnosis (FDD). Experimental results show the superior performance and effectiveness of the proposed models.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
M. Bekiesinska-Figatowska, P. Sobieraj, M. Pasieczna, J. Szymkiewicz-Dangel
Summary: There is a strong emphasis on early detection and treatment of tuberous sclerosis complex before seizure onset, which can be achieved through prenatal ultrasound and MR imaging. Cardiac rhabdomyomas can be detected during fetal ultrasound, while prenatal MR imaging can detect major cerebral manifestations.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Abigail M. Ernst, Blake A. Gimbel, Erik de Water, Judith K. Eckerle, Joshua P. Radke, Michael K. Georgieff, Jeffrey R. Wozniak
Summary: Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is a common condition with cognitive deficits as core features, and choline supplementation shows potential as a neurodevelopmental intervention in those affected by prenatal alcohol. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the literature supporting the use of choline in optimizing brain development and reviews existing human studies on choline supplementation in FASD.
Article
Biology
Zhixin Zhou, Zhidong Zhao, Xianfei Zhang, Xiaohong Zhang, Pengfei Jiao, Xuanyu Ye
Summary: CTG (Cardiotocography) is an effective tool for assessing fetal status. Doctors assess fetal health mainly by observing FHR (fetal heart rate). This paper discusses the problems of class imbalance and appropriate convolution kernel selection in previous FHR classification studies. A data augmentation method based on ECMN is proposed to address class imbalance, and a one-dimensional long convolutional layer is introduced to calculate the appropriate convolution kernel. Furthermore, an improved residual structure with an attention mechanism called TGLCN is proposed to improve FHR classification accuracy.
COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Jialing Yu, Na Chen, Min Chen, Min Shen, Yeqing Qian, Minyue Dong
Summary: In this study, we report a fetus with tetrasomy 9p, which was identified by non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) but without obvious phenotypic manifestations during the first trimester. Karyotyping of amniocytes and chromosome microarray are crucial prenatal diagnostic techniques.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Yefei Zhang, Yanjun Deng, Xianfei Zhang, Pengfei Jiao, Xiaohong Zhang, Zhidong Zhao
Summary: This paper proposes a novel and interpretable method for diagnosing fetal distress, which improves accuracy and provides explanations for the model's decisions. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art methods with a high accuracy of 0.963.
BIOMEDICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING AND CONTROL
(2023)
Article
Acoustics
Ramiro Diaz-Primera, Raul Sanchez-Jimenez, Julio Marin-Concha, Rafael Mena, Jose Garrido-Mendez, Manuel Marinez, Ramon Mena-Rivas, Ashley Lopez, Agustin Diaz-Rodriguez, Orlando Mogena-Sanchez, Rafael Almanzar, Rodolfo Soto-Ravelo
Summary: Fetal lymphangioma is a rare congenital malformation mainly found in the neck, chest, and axillary regions. Adequate management by a multidisciplinary team is necessary to provide a better approach to delivery for these cases.
JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Shiri Shinar, David Chitayat, Patrick Shannon, Susan Blaser
Summary: Macrocephaly refers to a large head size, which can be primary or secondary. It can be caused by various factors and the prognosis depends on the specific condition, genetic factors, and central nervous system findings.
PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Chi-Kang Chang, Edward Chesney, Wei-Nung Teng, Sam Hollandt, Megan Pritchard, Hitesh Shetty, Robert Stewart, Philip McGuire, Rashmi Patel
Summary: This study investigates whether the mortality rate in people with serious mental illness (SMI) has changed over the last decade. The results show that, compared to the general population, individuals with SMI still have a significantly shorter life expectancy, although there appears to be some improvement. Additionally, the study finds that cancer-related mortality accounts for a similar proportion of deaths as cardiovascular disease in the 2013-2017 cohorts.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Theresa K. Haidl, Dennis M. Hedderich, Marlene Rosen, Nathalie Kaiser, Mauro Seves, Thorsten Lichtenstein, Nora Penzel, Julian Wenzel, Lana Kambeitz-Ilankovic, Anne Ruef, David Popovic, Frauke Schultze-Lutter, Katharine Chisholm, Rachel Upthegrove, Raimo K. R. Salokangas, Christos Pantelis, Eva Meisenzahl, Stephen J. Wood, Paolo Brambilla, Stefan Borgwardt, Stephan Ruhrmann, Joseph Kambeitz, Nikolaos Koutsouleris
Summary: The study found that childhood trauma is a transdiagnostic risk factor for mental health disorders, possibly related to depressive symptoms. However, it is not possible to differentiate between different diagnosis-dependent psychopathologies, suggesting a multi-factorial pathogenesis.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Arsime Demjaha, Silvana Galderisi, Birthe Glenthoj, Celso Arango, Armida Mucci, Andrew Lawrence, Owen O'Daly, Matthew Kempton, Simone Ciufolini, Lone Baandrup, Bjorn H. Ebdrup, Roberto Rodriguez-Jimenez, Maria Diaz-Marsa, Covadonga Martinez Diaz-Caneja, Inge Winter van Rossum, Rene Kahn, Paola Dazzan, Philip McGuire
Summary: This study found that the orbitofrontal and temporal cortices play an important role in the pathogenesis of negative symptoms in schizophrenia. These findings were evident in generally untreated FEP patients and are unlikely to be related to effects of previous treatment or illness chronicity.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Ana Catalan, Claudia Aymerich, Amaia Bilbao, Borja Pedruzo, Jose Luis Perez, Nerea Aranguren, Gonzalo Salazar de Pablo, Emily Hedges, Patxi Gil, Rafael Segarra, Ana Gonzalez-Pinto, Aranzazu Fernandez-Rivas, Lucia Inchausti, Philip McGuire, Paolo Fusar-Poli, Miguel Angel Gonzalez-Torres
Summary: COVID-19-related mortality and hospitalization rates were higher for patients with pre-existing psychotic disorders, while patients with affective disorders had lower rates.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Jenny Yiend, Charlene L. M. Lam, Nora Schmidt, Bryony Crane, Margaret Heslin, Thomas Kabir, Philip McGuire, Christopher Meek, Elias Mouchlianitis, Emmanuelle Peters, Daniel Stahl, Antonella Trotta, Sukhwinder Shergill
Summary: This study investigated the feasibility and efficacy of Cognitive Bias Modification for paranoia (CBM-pa) in patients with paranoia. The results showed that CBM-pa was effective in reducing interpretation bias, improving paranoia symptoms, and reducing levels of depressed and anxious mood. The study provides a foundation for conducting a fully powered randomized controlled trial.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Emily J. Hird, Noriyuki Ohmuro, Paul Allen, Peter Moseley, Matthew J. Kempton, Gemma Modinos, Gabriele Sachs, Mark van der Gaag, Lieuwe de Haan, Ary Gadelha, Rodrigo Bressan, Neus Barrantes-Vidal, Stephan Ruhrmann, Ana Catalan, Philip McGuire
Summary: The study found that individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis have a lower sensitivity to hearing speech in noise and uncertainty about the affective valence of this speech, which is associated with adverse clinical outcomes. The findings suggest that the ability to hear speech illusions in noise could be used as a cognitive marker to predict the likelihood of remission or transition to psychosis in individuals at risk.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Sidra Gull, Christian Gaser, Karl-Heinz Herrmann, Anja Urbach, Marcus Boehme, Samia Afzal, Juergen R. Reichenbach, Otto W. Witte, Silvio Schmidt
Summary: By using MRI and DBM, we examined the structural changes in the brains of male RccHan:WIST rats. The study found that the overall brain volume increased with age, but there were also divergent local morphologic alterations. The visual, auditory, and somatosensory cortical areas showed shrinkage, while the higher-order brain areas such as the ectorhinal, entorhinal, retrosplenial, and cingulate cortical regions were preserved and grew with age.
Article
Psychiatry
Tiziana Ziltener, Julian Moeller, Roselind Lieb, Undine E. Lang, Christian G. Huber
Summary: Balancing the economic costs of mental illness is a global challenge, and therapeutic leaves may be a tool to improve therapy outcomes and lower long-term mental healthcare costs. Our study found that therapeutic leaves were associated with lower healthcare costs following inpatient stays, suggesting that their use may help reduce overall healthcare costs.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Peter Bedford, Daniel J. Hauke, Zheng Wang, Volker Roth, Monika Nagy-Huber, Friederike Holze, Laura Ley, Patrick Vizeli, Matthias E. Liechti, Stefan Borgwardt, Felix Mueller, Andreea O. Diaconescu
Summary: This study investigated the neural mechanisms of LSD using rDCM and found that LSD disrupts the excitatory/inhibitory balance of the brain. Whole-brain effective connectivity was correlated with the subjective effects of LSD and could potentially be used to decode or predict these effects in the future.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Caroline R. Nettekoven, Kelly Diederen, Oscar Giles, Helen Duncan, Iain Stenson, Julianna Olah, Toni Gibbs-Dean, Nigel Collier, Petra E. Vertes, Tom J. Spencer, Sarah E. Morgan, Philip McGuire
Summary: Mapping the semantic content of speech as a network can improve our understanding of formal thought disorder in psychosis. Using the algorithm netts, we created semantic speech networks for a general population and clinical sample, finding that patients with psychosis had smaller and more fragmented networks, which were related to negative symptoms and thought and language index scores.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Markus Gerber, Robyn Cody, Johannes Beck, Serge Brand, Lars Donath, Anne Eckert, Oliver Faude, Martin Hatzinger, Christian Imboden, Jan-Niklas Kreppke, Undine E. Lang, Sarah Mans, Thorsten Mikoteit, Anja Oswald, Nina Schweinfurth-Keck, Lukas Zahner, Sebastian Ludyga
Summary: This study examined the differences in sustained attention and inhibitory control between patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and healthy controls, as well as differences between patients with mild, moderate, and severe depression. The results showed that patients with MDD had slower reaction times in both attention and inhibitory control tasks, and younger participants had shorter reaction times. These findings suggest deficits in information processing and higher-order cognitive processes in MDD patients, which may impact in-patient treatment and contribute to the recurrent nature of depression.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dragana Filipovic, Julica Inderhees, Alexandra Korda, Predrag Tadic, Markus Schwaninger, Dragos Inta, Stefan Borgwardt
Summary: The study investigated the potential markers and therapeutic effectiveness of fluoxetine in a rat model of depression induced by chronic social isolation. Metabolomics analysis identified several candidate markers for depressive behavior and fluoxetine efficacy. This approach provides a new perspective for the identification of markers and prediction of treatment outcomes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Tao Wang, David Codling, Dinesh Bhugra, Yamiko Msosa, Matthew Broadbent, Rashmi Patel, Angus Roberts, Philip McGuire, Robert Stewart, Richard Dobson, Robert Harland
Summary: This study examines the current state of antipsychotic prescription with respect to patient ethnicity among a large UK mental health trust. The results show that Black patients with psychosis have a distinct pattern in antipsychotic prescription compared to White patients.
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Psychiatry
Christina Andreou, Sofia Eickhoff, Marco Heide, Renate de Bock, Jonas Obleser, Stefan Borgwardt
Summary: Diagnosing a clinical high-risk state can lead to timely treatment for those at risk for psychosis, resulting in better outcomes. However, only a small number of patients diagnosed with clinical high-risk will actually develop psychosis. To identify those who would benefit most from early intervention, studies have investigated predictors and biomarkers assessed at baseline. This study aimed to summarize evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses to determine the most consistent predictors of transition to psychosis in clinical high-risk patients.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Emily J. Hird, Kelly Diederen, Stefan Leucht, Karin B. Jensen, Philip Mcguire
Summary: Psychosis is often ineffective treated by antipsychotic medication, and finding an effective alternative has been challenging. The placebo effect in clinical trials makes it difficult to distinguish drug effects from placebo effects. However, a strong placebo effect in clinical practice could enhance overall treatment response. Identifying factors that predict placebo effects could improve psychosis treatment. The overlap between placebo effect and psychosis could provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying psychosis and indicate novel treatment targets.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY: GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE
(2023)
