Review
Physics, Nuclear
M. Khlopov
Summary: The standard model deals with particle symmetry and its breaking mechanism, while extensions are needed to address internal problems and incompleteness. Modern cosmology is based on inflationary models, baryosynthesis, and physics beyond the standard model such as dark matter/energy.
PROGRESS IN PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Melissa Red Hoffman
Summary: The narrative medicine essay explores the challenges faced by a surgeon who also serves as a caretaker for her partner with disabilities resulting from head trauma. The story delves into the balance between personal relationships and professional responsibilities in the medical field.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
William G. Dunphy
Summary: Frattini et al. (2021) demonstrate that TopBP1 forms phase-separated nuclear condensates to promote activation of ATR in cells experiencing genomic stress.
Review
Agronomy
Kangning Xiong, Cheng He, Yongkuan Chi
Summary: Grasslands in karst ecological fragile areas have significant positive effects on climate change mitigation, biodiversity conservation, and the improvement of regional ecosystems and farmers' livelihoods. Studying grassland ecological assets and ecological products comprehensively is crucial for strategically rebuilding damaged grassland ecosystems, enhancing desertification control, and promoting sustainable economic growth. This review analyzed 143 relevant works, and identified key research trends and achievements. The findings highlight the importance of grassland ecosystem services and propose insights for enhancing karst grassland ecosystem service functions.
Editorial Material
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Dongyang Yang, Ziliang Ye
Summary: A series of emergent electronic orders have been discovered in an antiparallel twisted WSe2 bilayer, providing a powerful platform for simulating quantum phenomena in strongly correlated materials.
NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Jorge Sierra-Perez, Jorge Grenha Teixeira, Carlos Romero-Piqueras, Lia Patricio
Summary: Eco-design focuses on early integration of environmental criteria to reduce environmental impacts of new products, while ECO-Service Design method combines eco-design and service design to conceptualize new environmentally sustainable services. This method includes four stages - service exploration, service visualization, service ideation, and service assessment - aiming to foster environmental sustainability and user experience in new services. The application of ECO-SD method to shared transport services demonstrates its effectiveness in identifying opportunities to overcome environmental and user experience barriers.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Economics
Martina Sterbova, Jozef Vybostok, Jaroslav Salka
Summary: This study identifies and classifies different types of eco-innovators in the Slovak forestry service sector based on their innovative behavior and environmental awareness, while also exploring factors influencing eco-innovation implementation. The availability of financial sources, information about innovations, forestry consultancy, cooperation with other actors, and laws and regulations were found to be important factors affecting eco-innovation implementation. Companies with stronger environmental awareness tend to invest more in eco-innovations, while passive non-adopters may need external push towards eco-innovation implementation. Policy recommendations for enhancing eco-innovation activities in the Slovak forestry service sector are outlined in the study.
FOREST POLICY AND ECONOMICS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Liang Zhang
Summary: Molecules are usually adsorbed onto a surface from a solution through a spontaneous equilibrium process. However, it has been discovered that macrocycles can be mechanically pumped onto a MOF substrate, leading to an out-of-equilibrium state.
Editorial Material
Hematology
David B. Wilson, Melanie E. Fields
Summary: This study investigates the impact of fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia on the risk of intracranial hemorrhage using a mouse model. The authors not only identify critical platelet thresholds but also demonstrate the development of resilience to thrombocytopenia-associated intracranial hemorrhage in mice shortly after birth.
Article
Psychiatry
Frane Vusio, Andrew Thompson, Liam Laughton, Max Birchwood
Summary: The existing children and adolescent mental health services in the United Kingdom have several gaps, including reduced access to community-based services and lack of early intervention. A newly created 0-19 model has been designed to address these challenges, providing an integrated and innovative approach to mental health care for young people. This model aims to promote inclusivity, compassion, and stigma-free environment, with a focus on recovery, early intervention, prevention, and resilience. Ongoing evaluation will assess the effectiveness, accessibility, and acceptability of the model.
EARLY INTERVENTION IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Development Studies
Sitong Qian, Yang Song, Shijun Wang, Yangang Fang, Haoming Guan
Summary: This study constructs an integrated index of eco-environmental service quality (ESQI) based on multi-source monitoring data in four dimensions and reveals its spatial-temporal features in Northeast China. The results show a slight overall decline in ESQI from 2005 to 2018, with a decreasing spatial trend from north to south and higher ESQI in certain regions.
HABITAT INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Claudia A. Hernandez, Carolina Schneider, Michael H. D. Gold, Mariana Muniz, Jeremy B. Green, Michael Alfertshofer, Konstantin Frank, Sebastian Cotofana
Summary: The study aimed to determine the safety and esthetic effectiveness of additional midfacial injection points in a full-face injection algorithm. Results showed that this injection algorithm achieved significant effects in volumizing the medial midface, reducing lateral midface volume, and improving jawline contouring.
JOURNAL OF COSMETIC DERMATOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Anesthesiology
Mohamed R. R. El Tahan, Akhilesh Pahade, Manuel Angel Gomez-Rios
Summary: ERAS programs aim to reduce hospital stays, lower costs, minimize complications, and enhance patient experience. BMC Anesthesiology has initiated a new collection on ERAS and encourages large-scale, high-quality studies to address knowledge gaps.
BMC ANESTHESIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Belinda J. Wilkes, Wallace Tucker, Norbert Schartel, Maria Santos-Lleo
Summary: The Chandra X-ray Observatory and the X-ray Multi-Mirror Mission have made groundbreaking discoveries in understanding high-energy processes in the Universe, providing valuable insights into our place in the cosmos and the fundamental laws that govern our existence.
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Bruce S. Rawlings
Summary: A decade ago, research revealed the strikingly limited tool innovation skills of children, leading to numerous unanswered questions. This article summarizes the current knowledge on the development of tool innovation and presents five outstanding questions in the field. By examining various empirical and theoretical perspectives, the article argues that addressing these questions is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of the ontogeny of one of humanity's most notable skills.
CHILD DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVES
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Tamora D. James, Roberto Salguero-Gomez, Owen R. Jones, Dylan Z. Childs, Andrew P. Beckerman
Summary: The study demonstrates that using phylogenetically informed imputation methods to fill missing vital rates in bird demographic data can effectively parameterize demographic models and improve the accuracy of demographic metrics. Even in the absence of phylogenetic information, inaccuracies in imputed vital rates can be compensated for by using body mass and life-history trait data. The sensitivity of demographic metrics to imputed vital rates is high, particularly for metrics like generation time.
CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ecology
James Cant, Roberto Salguero-Gomez, Sun W. Kim, Carrie A. Sims, Brigitte Sommer, Maxime Brooks, Hamish A. Malcolm, John M. Pandolfi, Maria Beger
Summary: The study revealed that subtropical coral assemblages are significantly affected by thermal stress, with differential shifts in population growth rates and contrasting bleaching responses among taxa. Under high emissions scenarios, coral populations exhibited the lowest growth rates, potentially accelerating the loss of corals in subtropical regions.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Matthew H. Holden, Jian D. L. Yen, Natalie J. Briscoe, Jose J. Lahoz-Monfort, Roberto Salguero-Gomez, Peter A. Vesk, Gurutzeta Guillera-Arroita
Summary: The study evaluated the accuracy of demographic distribution models in predicting species range dynamics. It was found that density-independent DDMs accurately predicted species ranges under certain conditions, but overpredicted extinction in high population density locations. The findings suggest that DDMs are appropriate for applications prioritizing all potential sites where a species might occur.
Article
Ecology
Pol Capdevila, Iain Stott, James Cant, Maria Beger, Gwilym Rowlands, Molly Grace, Roberto Salguero-Gomez
Summary: This study investigates how the life history of 910 natural populations of animals and plants predicts their resilience. The researchers found that resilience of species is determined by their life history traits, such as pace of life and reproductive strategy. Species with longer generation times require longer recovery times post-disturbance, while those with greater reproductive capacity have greater resistance and compensation.
Article
Ecology
Sam C. Levin, Sanne Evers, Tomos Potter, Mayra Pena Guerrero, Dylan Z. Childs, Aldo Compagnoni, Tiffany M. Knight, Roberto Salguero-Gomez
Summary: Discrete time structured population projection models are important tools for studying population dynamics, with integral projection models (IPMs) being a popular method for studying populations structured by continuously distributed traits. Existing databases and software packages allow for the download, reconstruction, and extension of published IPMs, facilitating research in ecology and evolutionary biology.
METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Colin Averill, Claire Fortunel, Daniel S. Maynard, Johan van den Hoogen, Michael C. Dietze, Jennifer M. Bhatnagar, Thomas W. Crowther
Summary: Most trees on Earth form a symbiotic relationship with specific fungi, which can generate positive feedbacks to maintain the stability of forests.
NATURE ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Christie Le Coeur, Nigel G. Yoccoz, Roberto Salguero-Gomez, Yngvild Vindenes
Summary: This study decomposes stochastic growth rate into components arising from nonlinear responses and demographic parameters, to study the joint effects of buffering and lability. Results suggest that faster-living species are more responsive to environmental fluctuations and have a higher potential for adaptive demographic lability, while slower-living species predominantly rely on demographic buffering strategy.
Editorial Material
Ecology
Roberto Salguero-Gomez, Darren M. Evans, Jean-Michel Gaillard, Lesley Lancaster, Nathan J. Sanders, Kirsty Scandrett, Jennifer Meyer
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Nahuel Policelli, Jason D. Hoeksema, Jaime Moyano, Rytas Vilgalys, Sasha Vivelo, Jennifer M. Bhatnagar
Review
Biodiversity Conservation
Michael R. Silverstein, Daniel Segre, Jennifer M. Bhatnagar
Summary: Environmental microbiome engineering is a potential approach for addressing climate change by introducing microbial inocula to regulate carbon stabilization in ecosystems. This review outlines the process of environmental engineering and synthesizes key considerations about ecosystem functions, microbial sourcing, inoculum design strategies, delivery methods, and factors that enable inoculum establishment and modification of ecosystem function targets. Recent studies suggest that top-down designed microbial inocula, particularly through directed evolution, have a higher chance of establishing within existing microbial communities. Outstanding questions about determinants of inoculum establishment and further research suggestions for environmental microbiome engineering as a tool to combat climate change are also addressed.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Stephen Caron, Sarah M. M. Garvey, Jonathan Gewirtzman, Kyle Schultz, Jennifer M. M. Bhatnagar, Charles Driscoll, Lucy R. R. Hutyra, Pamela H. H. Templer
Summary: Nitrogen availability has been declining in terrestrial ecosystems worldwide, but urban forests in the northeastern U.S. exhibit higher soil nitrogen availability and uptake by trees compared to rural forests, countering the trend of N oligotrophication. Forest fragmentation diminishes the increase in available nitrogen, indicating an opposite effect of urbanization on nitrogen availability and demand by trees.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Arnaud Guyennon, Bjorn Reineking, Roberto Salguero-Gomez, Jonas Dahlgren, Aleksi Lehtonen, Sophia Ratcliffe, Paloma Ruiz-Benito, Miguel A. Zavala, Georges Kunstler
Summary: This study focuses on the link between local population dynamics and species distributions in Europe and finds that population constraints at the edges are influenced by mean fitness, demographic stochasticity, and resilience. The results show that warm edges and harsh climates impose stronger demographic constraints on species, while cold edges limit the species' ability to recover. Additionally, it is found that demographic stochasticity and recovery capacity contribute to constraints at the edges rather than just mean fitness.
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY
(2023)
Article
Ecology
James Cant, Pol Capdevila, Maria Beger, Roberto Salguero-Gomez
Summary: We tested 2242 populations of 369 animal and plant species and found that recent environmental stochasticity does not predict the resistance and recovery potential of natural populations. Instead, phylogenetic relatedness and developmental investments are strong predictors of demographic resilience.
Article
Ecology
Charlotte de Vries, Connor Bernard, Roberto Salguero-Gomez
Summary: Keyfitz' entropy is a widely used metric to quantify the shape of survivorship curves. A new discrete-time formula for Keyfitz' entropy is proposed, which preserves the relationship with mortality rates. It is suggested that researchers use this new metric or other survivorship shape metrics applicable to discrete-time data to avoid biases when classifying life histories.
METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Connor Bernard, Gabriel Silva Santos, Jacques A. Deere, Roberto Rodriguez-Caro, Pol Capdevila, Erik Kusch, Samuel J. L. Gascoigne, John Jackson, Roberto Salguero-Gomez
Summary: MOSAIC is an open-access trait database that integrates 14 trait fields and species-level phylogenies from existing databases. It provides rich species data to improve our understanding of species traits and demographics.
