Journal
FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE-LANDMARK
Volume 16, Issue -, Pages 3164-3182Publisher
FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.2741/3904
Keywords
Y family; translesion synthesis; DNA polymerase; pol IV; pol V; UmuD; UmuC; DinB; mutation; DNA damage
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Funding
- National Science Foundation [MCB-0845033]
- NU Office of the Provost
- Camille & Henry Dreyfus Foundation
- Div Of Molecular and Cellular Bioscience
- Direct For Biological Sciences [0845033] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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DNA damage is ubiquitous, arising from both environmental and endogenous sources. All organisms have evolved multiple pathways to respond to DNA damage and maintain genomic integrity. Escherichia coli possesses two DNA polymerases, pol IV and pol V, that are members of the Y family. These polymerases are characterized by their specialized ability to copy damaged DNA as well as their relatively low fidelity on undamaged DNA. Pol IV and pol V are regulated by the SOS response to DNA damage and by their multiple interactions with other proteins. These two Y family DNA polymerases copy DNA damaged by distinct agents. Pol IV is capable of replicating DNA containing N-2-dG adducts, while pol V bypasses abasic sites and thymine-thymine dimers, which result from exposure to UV radiation. In addition to their roles in copying damaged DNA, the two Y family DNA polymerases in E. coli act in regulation of DNA replication and contribute to bacterial mutagenesis in response to cellular stress.
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