Review
Physiology
Nyasha Charity Mukonowenzou, Kehinde Ahmad Adeshina, Janine Donaldson, Kasimu Ghandi Ibrahim, Dawoud Usman, Kennedy Honey Erlwanger
Summary: The gastrointestinal tract serves as a direct interface with the external environment, influencing immunity and individual health. Development and maturation of the GIT need to match different stages of life, and intrinsic and extrinsic factors such as diet can affect this process. Medicinal plants and phytochemicals may have a positive impact on precocious maturation of the GIT.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Paul A. Gill, Saskia Inniss, Tomoko Kumagai, Farooq Z. Rahman, Andrew M. Smith
Summary: Diet is an important lifestyle factor that plays an active role in the development of human diseases, including metabolic and inflammatory conditions. Poor diet exacerbates metabolic diseases, while the effects of diet on inflammatory conditions are still poorly understood. Diet may directly affect immune cell function and gut microbiota composition, thereby modulating inflammation. Larger clinical studies are needed to confirm the therapeutic benefit of dietary therapy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Zhenhua Yin, Xiaopeng Liu, Lin Guo, Mengjie Ren, Wenyi Kang, Changyang Ma, Geoffrey I. N. Waterhouse, Dongxiao Sun-Waterhouse
Summary: This paper reviews the research in the last ten years on dietary fibers (DFs), focusing on their immune functions and effects on the gastrointestinal tract and respiratory system. It emphasizes the importance of understanding the characteristics of DFs in providing specific immune functions.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Ozge Kayisoglu, Nicolas Schlegel, Sina Bartfeld
Summary: The human gastrointestinal tract interacts with microbial stimuli and must maintain a balance between commensal bacteria and invading pathogens. The epithelial layer, equipped with various innate immune sensors like Toll-like receptors, plays a key role in sensing and responding to microbes. However, understanding the complexity of cellular interactions, their molecular basis, and development in this system remains a challenge.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE-JMM
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jacob McCright, Ann Ramirez, Mayowa Amosu, Arnav Sinha, Amanda Bogseth, Katharina Maisel
Summary: This article discusses strategies using nanomaterials to locally target the GI tract and its mucosal immune system to regulate inflammation and disease outcomes.
Article
Entomology
Priscilla Farina, Francesca Venturi, Roberta Ascrizzi, Guido Flamini, Rodrigo Daniel Chiriboga Ortega, Maria Cristina Echeverria, Sania Ortega, Angela Zinnai, Stefano Bedini, Barbara Conti
Summary: The essential oils from Andean plants Aloysia citrodora and Bursera graveolens exhibit repellent and insecticidal effects against blowflies, with the former being more effective in repelling adult flies and the latter being attractive to them. Both oils demonstrate clear toxic effects on blowfly eggs and adults.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Santino Caserta, Claudia Genovese, Nicola Cicero, Valeria Toscano, Sebastiano Gangemi, Alessandro Allegra
Summary: The gut microbiota, a community of bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract, undergoes changes in response to various factors such as diseases, diet, antibiotics, and probiotics. Dysbiosis, characterized by altered communication between the host and the microbes, is associated with obesity, diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. Certain plants have been shown to have anticancer properties and the ability to modulate the gut microbiota. This review highlights the potential use of medicinal plants in improving gut dysbiosis and aiding cancer treatment.
Article
Fisheries
Shipo Li, Xing Heng, Liyun Guo, Duncan James Lessing, Weihua Chu
Summary: Dietary short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) can enhance antioxidant capacity and immune responses in crucian carp, promoting the expression of immune-related genes and tight junction protein genes, thus improving disease resistance in the host.
FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Yali Wang, Xiao Song, Zhanjiang Wang, Zhenxiang Li, Yue Geng
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of Pinus yunnanensis pollen polysaccharides (PPM60) and sulfated polysaccharides (SPPM60) on ulcerative colitis (UC). The results showed that PPM60 and SPPM60 effectively improved the disease progression of UC mice and had positive effects on intestinal immunity, serum metabolism, and intestinal flora. This study provides an experimental basis for the potential use of plant polysaccharides as adjuvant clinical treatment for UC.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mengsheng Tang, Lu Cheng, Yanan Liu, Zufang Wu, Xin Zhang, Songmei Luo
Summary: This article evaluates the impact of plant polysaccharides on the immune system, focusing on improving the immune system barrier by regulating the gut microbiota balance, which may have potential in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Qiaoyu He, Yumeng Shi, Hong Xing, Qian Tang, Jing Liu, Chunxia Li, Han Zhang, Boli Zhang, Junhua Zhang, Xiaopeng Chen
Summary: The study confirms that Xuanfei Baidu granule (XFBD) can suppress the over-activated immune response caused by COVID-19 infection and has an impact on host metabolism and gut microbiome. The intervention mechanism of XFBD may be related to regulating the composition of intestinal flora.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Andrew R. Williams, Laura J. Myhill, Sophie Stolzenbach, Peter Nejsum, Helena Mejer, Dennis S. Nielsen, Stig M. Thamsborg
Summary: Nutritional manipulation of the commensal gut microbiota may play a key role in maintaining animal health and production, particularly in an era of reduced antimicrobial usage. Host diet can influence the interaction between helminth infection and GM, which may inform future helminth control strategies and the application of health-promoting feed additives.
BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Zhong-Zhen Liu, Jing-Hua Sun, Wen-Jing Wang
Summary: Gut microbiota (GM) plays a crucial role in human health and is associated with gastrointestinal diseases during pregnancy. Dysregulation of GM can lead to various diseases. As reproductive health gains more attention, further research on the pathogenic mechanism of GM in gastrointestinal diseases during pregnancy is needed.
WORLD JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CASES
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Yue Dong, Kexin Zhang, Jingge Wei, Yiyun Ding, Xin Wang, Huiqin Hou, Jingyi Wu, Tianyu Liu, Bangmao Wang, Hailong Cao
Summary: Tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), a tumor-derived immune component, is closely related to the development, metastasis, and recurrence of tumors. Gut microbiota and its fermented-metabolites short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) play a critical role in maintaining the immune homeostasis of gastrointestinal tumors. SCFAs, mainly consisting of acetate, propionate, and butyrate, can interact with G protein-coupled receptors 43 of T helper 1 cell or restrain histone deacetylases (HDACs) of cytotoxic T lymphocytes to exert immunotherapy effects. The mechanism by which SCFAs modulate the progression of gastrointestinal tumors has been elucidated in this review, aiming to provide prospects for the development of novel immunotherapeutic strategies.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
H. Panwar, N. Rokana, S. V. Aparna, J. Kaur, A. Singh, J. Singh, K. S. Singh, V. Chaudhary, A. K. Puniya
Summary: The human gastrointestinal tract maintains a unique environment with various defense strategies to restrict the colonization and growth of unfriendly microbial strains, serving as a balance between resident and uninvited organisms. The ability to survive this innate defense mechanism determines the capability of probiotic or pathogen strains to confer health benefits or induce clinical events.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)