Article
Plant Sciences
Mireia Gomez-Gallego, Lucia Galiano, Jordi Martinez-Vilalta, Jan Stenlid, Hernan D. Capador-Barreto, Malin Elfstrand, J. Julio Camarero, Jonas Oliva
Summary: This study investigated the physiological processes leading to drought-induced mortality in Norway spruce and Scots pine saplings infected with Heterobasidion annosum. The results showed that pathogen infection decreased carbon reserves in spruce, reducing their ability to cope with drought and resulting in increased mortality rates. The study also found that defoliation, relative water content, and starch concentration were predictors of mortality under both drought and pathogen infection.
PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
L. Matkala, L. Kulmala, P. Kolari, M. Aurela, J. Back
Summary: The study found that two subarctic forest stands, one with Scots pine and the other with Norway spruce, experienced different extreme weather events, with the spruce forest being less resilient. Overall, both forests, especially the trees, showed resilience to weather extremes and experienced no long-term damage.
AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Forestry
Marko Kovacevic, Cornelia Rieder-Gradinger, Alfred Teischinger, Ewald Srebotnik
Summary: VOCs emissions from Scots pine and Norway spruce wood were evaluated using Micro-Chamber air-sampling, thermal desorption, and GC-MS. The results showed that there were no significant differences in emissions between spruce heartwood and sapwood. The emission rates from spruce were significantly lower than pine in both green and kiln-dried conditions. Kiln drying had a substantial impact on VOC emissions, with a median emission reduction of more than 70% for all tested groups except for pine sapwood. The emission profiles were similar among the tested groups, except for one particular compound.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS
(2023)
Article
Forestry
Reimo Lutter, Nils Henriksson, Hyungwoo Lim, Robert Blasko, Ruth-Kristina Magh, Torgny Nasholm, Annika Nordin, Tomas Lundmark, John D. Marshall
Summary: Mixed forests may not necessarily enhance resource acquisition, but lead to compensatory partitioning of growth, suggesting fierce interspecific competition.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yury Ivanov, Ilya E. Zlobin, Alexander Kartashov, Alexandra I. Ivanova, Valery P. Ivanov, Sergey Marchenko, Dmitry Nartov, Vladimir V. Kuznetsov
Summary: The deterioration of plant mineral nutrition during drought negatively affects plant performance. This study examined the effects of seasonal and multiyear water shortages on nutrient supply and demand in Scots pine and Norway spruce. The results showed that water shortage increased the wood concentrations of all elements except for Mn. Similar patterns of changes were found in needles between species, with Mg increasing and Fe and Mn decreasing under water shortage. Photosynthetic pigments and lipid peroxidation products were not correlated with element dynamics in needles.
Article
Forestry
Lisa Petersson, Staffan Nilsson, Emma Holmstrom, Matts Lindbladh, Adam Felton
Summary: This study compared the species richness, cover, and community composition of bryophytes and lichens in Scots pine and Norway spruce dominated forests. The results showed higher cover and species richness of lichens in Scots pine stands, while bryophyte species richness was higher in Norway spruce stands. Canopy cover and light transmission to the forest floor were identified as important drivers for the differences in forest floor communities between the two tree species.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Forestry
Teresa Hazubska-Przybyl, Mikolaj Krzysztof Wawrzyniak, Joanna Kijowska-Oberc, Aleksandra Maria Staszak, Ewelina Ratajczak
Summary: Somatic embryogenesis is an important method for tree propagation, which can be integrated with other biotechnological techniques to achieve commercial-scale sapling production of high-yielding genotypes. In the research of Norway spruce and Scots pine, somatic embryogenesis can be used to improve plant stock to adapt to the challenges of climate change and biodiversity crisis.
Article
Remote Sensing
T. P. Pitkanen, S. Bianchi, A. Kangas
Summary: This study investigates the effects of inter-tree competition on crown morphology in Scots pine and Norway spruce. The results show that while competition is a major factor in determining crown shape, the characteristics and applicable indices are contrasting between the two species.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Petri Kilpelainen, Eero Liski, Pekka Saranpaa
Summary: Tannins were extracted from Norway spruce and Scots pine bark using water at different temperatures. The highest yield was obtained with hot water extraction of spruce bark at 140 degrees C. Addition of sodium carbonate improved yield at temperatures of 60-90 degrees C. Pine bark had similar extraction yields but lower proportion of tannins compared to spruce. Machine-learning models were used to predict extracted tannin yields.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Tuula Piri, Eeva J. Vainio, Jarkko Hantula
Summary: Heterobasidion annosum is a major cause of pine root rot in Europe. While there are no effective treatments for established infections, this study explored the use of the biocontrol fungus Phle-biopsis gigantea to reduce the spread of the pathogen. Results showed that P. gigantea reduced disease expansion and its effectiveness was enhanced by the presence of a debilitating mycovirus. The growth rate of P. gigantea was also found to vary between different root systems and within a single stump.
BIOLOGICAL CONTROL
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Jana Zitkova, Jitka Hegrova, Zdenek Keken, Roman Licbinsky
Summary: The study uses an ecosystem approach to evaluate the impact of transport on the environment by analyzing concentrations of contaminants in trees. It found that Norway spruce is more sensitive to salinity compared to Scots pine, suggesting it may not be suitable for planting near roads.
ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ebrahim Hajian, Jose Couceiro, Lars Hansson, Dick Sandberg
Summary: This study used in situ X-ray computed tomography (CT) to investigate the evolution of moisture content (MC) in western hemlock during the drying process. The results showed that western hemlock exhibited slower drying behavior and non-uniform distribution of moisture, which could be attributed to higher green moisture content and the presence of wet pockets.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Forestry
Tuula Piri, Eeva J. Vainio, Heikki Nuorteva, Jarkko Hantula
Summary: This study provides insights into the infection biology and pathogenicity of an important root-rot fungus, Heterobasidion annosum sensu stricto, revealing extensive secondary spread of genotypes within root systems and the production of perennial fruiting bodies on infected seedlings. These findings highlight the need to consider the risk of spore infection during cutting operations in young pine stands and the urgency for new control measures to prevent the secondary spread of the fungus in pine regeneration for maintaining forest productivity on infested sites.
Article
Forestry
Veiko Uri, Mai Kukumagi, Jurgen Aosaar, Mats Varik, Hardo Becker, Kristiina Aun, Maris Nikopensius, Marek Uri, Mikko Buht, Agnes Sepaste, Allar Padari, Endla Asi, Allan Sims, Kalle Karoles
Summary: Canopy litterfall is an important aboveground flux in forest ecosystems, but its dynamics in hemiboreal forests are poorly studied. This study estimated the average annual litter fluxes in different tree stands and developed litter models for estimating the annual litter flux. The results showed that the annual litter flux depended on site quality index and stand age, but not on stand basal area. The average annual canopy litterfall was similar for different tree species, with the proportion of needles or leaves declining with stand age.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Forestry
Daniel J. Chmura, Marzenna Guzicka, Roman Rozkowski
Summary: The study reveals significant differences in aboveground carbon accumulation among different populations, reaching up to 91% (Scots pine) and 74% (Norway spruce). Norway spruce stands experienced reduced stand density due to wind and insect damage, and may benefit from planting in mixtures with other tree species for increased stability and resistance.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)