Journal
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
Volume 259, Issue 6, Pages 1141-1150Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2009.12.030
Keywords
Citric-acid-extractable phosphate; Foliar analysis; Long-term monitoring; N deposition; P availability; Soil phosphorus
Categories
Funding
- Bavarian State Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry [ST 154]
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For two Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) ecosystems in S Germany with different atmospheric N deposition (Pfaffenwinkel, intermediate N deposition; Pustert, large N deposition), the Supply with phosphorus (P) has been monitored for unfertilized and fertilized plots over more than four decades by foliar analysis (1964-2007). Additionally, topsoil concentrations and stocks of total P and plant-available P(citric-acid-extractable phosphate) were quantified in 10-year intervals (1982/1984, 1994, 2004). At both sites, fertilization experiments, including the variants control, NPKMgCa + lime, PKMgCa + lime + introduction of lupine, corresponding to an addition of 75 and 90 kg ha(-1) P in Pustert and Pfaffenwinkel, respectively had been established in 1964. Our study revealed different trends of the P nutritional status for the pines at the two sites during the recent four decades: At Pustert, elevated atmospheric N deposition together with small topsoil P pools resulted in significant deterioration of Scots pine P nutrition and in an increasingly unbalanced N/P nutrition. At Pfaffenwinkel a trend of improved P nutrition from 1964 to 1991 was replaced by an opposite trend in the most recent 15 years. For our study sites, which are characterized by acidic soils with thick 0 layers, the forest floor stock of citric-acid-extractable phosphate showed a strong and significant correlation with the P concentration in current-year pine foliage, and thus was an appropriate variable to predict the P nutritional status of the stands. Total P stocks as well as the concentrations of total P in the forest floor or in the mineral topsoil were poorly correlated with pine foliar P concentrations and thus inappropriate predictors of P nutrition. P fertilization in the 1960s sustainably improved the P nutritional status of the stands. At Pfaffenwinkel, foliar P concentrations and topsoil stocks of citric-acid-extractable phosphate were increased at the fertilized plots relative to the control plots even 40 years after fertilization; at Pustert, foliar P concentrations were increased for about 20 years. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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