Does the mutualism between wood ants (Formica rufa group) and Cinara aphids affect Norway spruce growth?

Title
Does the mutualism between wood ants (Formica rufa group) and Cinara aphids affect Norway spruce growth?
Authors
Keywords
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Journal
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
Volume 257, Issue 1, Pages 238-243
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Online
2008-10-06
DOI
10.1016/j.foreco.2008.08.033

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