Article
Agronomy
Pavithra N. Sathanandam, Prakash Patil, Ajitha Rekha, Iyamperumal Muthuvel, Amrutlal R. Patel, Ramesh B. Boggala, Adiveppa M. Shirol, Kundapura Ravishankar
Summary: This study developed microsatellite markers for Sapota using next generation sequencing technology. They found a genetically diverse mixed population and demonstrated the importance of the developed microsatellites in assessing genetic diversity and molecular characterization.
GENETIC RESOURCES AND CROP EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Layany Carolyny Mourao Mulvaney, Francisco Humberto Xavier-Junior, Alice M. S. Rodrigues, Didier Stien, Silmara Marques Allegretti, Vera Lucia Garcia
Summary: Manilkara zapota leaves contain phenolic compounds and triterpenes that exhibit significant antibacterial and antifungal activities, with some compounds showing anthelmintic properties as well. This suggests that M. zapota and its bioactive compounds may serve as potential phytomedicines for the treatment of drug-resistant infections.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Thiago S. Freitas, Fabia F. Campina, Maria S. Costa, Janaina E. Rocha, Rafael P. Cruz, Jacqueline C. A. Pinheiro, Francisco N. Pereira-Junior, Micheline A. Lima, Maisa Freire Cartaxo Pires de Sa, Alexandre M. R. Teixeira, Henrique D. M. Coutinho
Summary: Studies on the extract of Manilkara zapota have shown that it is rich in phenolic substances and has direct antibacterial activity against standard Staphylococcus aureus strain. However, caution is needed when combining the extract with antibiotics, as it may act antagonistically or not show statistical significance compared to the control group. The statistical methodology based on the Shannon-Wiener index was effective in correcting distortions in heterogeneous environments and reducing false negatives and false positives in the microdilution plate.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Forestry
Calvin Ritter, David I. King, Stephen DeStefano, Daniel Clark
Summary: Establishment of non-native monoculture plantations is a common method to supplement native timber stocks, but it is believed to provide inferior habitat for native biodiversity. However, our study in Massachusetts showed that mature Norway spruce plantations have similar species richness as native forest habitats and support the abundance of several native conifer-dependent bird species. This suggests that small-scale plantations can coexist without negative impacts on native biodiversity.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Forestry
Matts Lindbladh, Johan Elmberg, Per -Ola Hedwall, Emma Holmstrom, Adam Felton
Summary: Retention forestry, specifically green tree retention, has long-term positive effects on avian diversity, even several decades after final felling in conifer dominated production stands. The presence of broadleaf green tree retention can benefit bird assemblages by increasing their abundance, species richness, and supporting important guilds such as broadleaf-associated birds and cavity nesters. However, factors like the number and species composition of retained trees, as well as their environmental context within the stand, may affect the effectiveness of green tree retention.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Federico Morelli, Yanina Benedetti, Jesse Stanford, Leszek Jerzak, Piotr Tryjanowski, Paolo Perna, Riccardo Santolini
Summary: Species distribution models (SDMs) are numerical tools used for predicting species' spatial distribution. This study found that ecological characteristics, such as habitat specialization, play a role in improving the accuracy of SDMs.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Dejan Stojanovic, Philip Gibbons, Catherine M. Young, Giselle Owens
Summary: Fire is a key factor in creating and losing tree cavities in certain forest ecosystems. Balancing the impact of fire on the availability of suitable nesting sites for cavity-nesting animals is crucial. Through field surveys and simulations, this study highlights the importance of managing the foraging habitat and preventing frequent and severe fires to maximize the persistence of nesting habitat for the Critically Endangered Orange-bellied Parrots.
RESTORATION ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Forestry
Carl K. Pohlman, Amber M. Roth, Mitschka J. Hartley, Malcolm L. Hunter, Brian J. McGill, Robert S. Seymour
Summary: Natural disturbance-based silvicultural systems mimic ecological patterns and processes, and can accommodate native bird assemblages better than conventional methods. This study assessed the long-term ecological effects of two expanding gap silvicultural systems on bird assemblages in mature forests. Despite declines in bird abundance and diversity, the natural disturbance-based systems did not disrupt the mature forest bird assemblage.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Hankyu Kim, Brenda C. McComb, Sarah J. K. Frey, David M. Bell, Matthew G. Betts
Summary: Complex forest structure and vegetation diversity in old-growth forests can provide microclimatic advantages to some animal populations, helping to mitigate the negative effects of climate warming. Conservation of old-growth forests or their characteristics in managed forests is important for the protection of breeding bird populations.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Erickson Basave-Villalobos, Victor M. Cetina-Alcala, Victor Conde-Martinez, Miguel A. Lopez-Lopez, Carlos Trejo, Carlos Ramirez-Herrera
Summary: Understanding how plants respond to different light environments can help optimize their production and growth. In this study, morpho-physiological changes in Crescentia alata and Enterolobium cyclocarpum were examined under varying light levels. The results showed that C. alata responded better to higher light levels, while E. cyclocarpum preferred lower levels.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Kelly A. Heilman, Michael C. Dietze, Alexis A. Arizpe, Jacob Aragon, Andrew Gray, John D. Shaw, Andrew O. Finley, Stefan Klesse, R. Justin DeRose, Margaret E. K. Evans
Summary: This study applies a Bayesian state-space model to analyze the ecological complexity of Pinus ponderosa var. brachyptera in the southwestern US using a fusion of tree-ring and forest inventory data. The study quantifies the effects of climate, tree size, stand density, site quality, and their interactions on tree growth and identifies the uncertainties associated with these effects. Results show negative effects of fall-spring maximum temperature and positive effects of water-year precipitation on tree growth. The study also reveals that tree vulnerability to climate stress increases with competition, tree size, and poor site conditions. Future climate scenarios are projected to cause significant declines in tree growth.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Maurizio Marchi, Claudia Cocozza
Summary: The introduction of Douglas-fir in Europe since the 1850s has been a significant and extensive silvicultural experiment, with success attributed to the species' wide genome and phenotypic plasticity. Studying the geographical origin and current distribution of Douglas-fir in Italy reveals the successful introduction and potential shifts in seed sources in the future. Different provenances from coastal areas of North America are identified as likely seed sources, with predictions of future changes based on environmental conditions. Further genetic analysis and validation will be necessary to confirm these scenarios and support forest management.
Article
Environmental Studies
Lauren Hepburn, Adam C. Smith, John Zelenski, Lenore Fahrig
Summary: This study found a significant correlation between residents' neighborhood satisfaction and objective environmental features, such as bird diversity, tree canopy cover, and distance to water. Neighborhood satisfaction increased with the number of bird species nearby and was also influenced by tree canopy cover and proximity to water. Residents consciously appreciated trees and water, but the relationship between bird diversity and neighborhood satisfaction appeared to be unconscious, suggesting that a diverse bird community may provoke feelings of satisfaction through their presence, activity, and songs.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Aastha Joshi, Sanjeev Baniya, Naresh Shrestha, Ramesh Prasad Sapkota, Hem Sagar Baral
Summary: The study aimed to quantify the importance of different forest structures in harboring avifauna and found that contiguous forest had higher bird diversity compared to isolated forest, especially for restricted-range species. Despite this, bird assemblages based on foraging and habitat guild were similar between the two forests. Recommendations include prioritizing the conservation of contiguous forests for avifauna diversity and the maintenance of forest bird corridors by preserving natural forests and planting native trees in private orchards.
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Andreas Schuldt, Pelle Huke, Jonas Glatthorn, Jonas Hagge, Benjamin Wildermuth, Dragan Matevski
Summary: This study assessed the impact of tree species mixing and the planting of non-native tree species on bird diversity in northwest Germany. The results showed that pure stands of native trees and mixed stands of native and non-native trees had higher bird species richness and functional diversity compared to pure stands of conifers. Tree microhabitat availability emerged as a key predictor of bird diversity.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Lou Lecuyer, Sophie Calme, F. Guillaume Blanchet, Birgit Schmook, Rehema M. White
BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
(2019)
Article
Zoology
Adriana R. Aguilar-Melo, Sophie Calme, Braulio Pinacho-Guendulain, Sandra E. Smith-Aguilar, Gabriel Ramos-Fernandez
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PRIMATOLOGY
(2020)
Review
Ecology
Justine A. Smith, Justin P. Suraci, Jennifer S. Hunter, Kaitlyn M. Gaynor, Carson B. Keller, Meredith S. Palmer, Justine L. Atkins, Irene Castaneda, Michael J. Cherry, Patrick M. Garvey, Sarah E. Huebner, Dana J. Morin, Lisa Teckentrup, Martijn J. A. Weterings, Lydia Beaudrot
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY
(2020)
Editorial Material
Ecology
Stephen M. Turton, Antony Lynam, Alice C. Hughes, Pia Parolin, Sophie Calme, Jose M. V. Fragoso, Sheherazade Sheherazade, Matthew Linkie
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Leopoldo Torres-Cristiani, Salima Machkour-M'Rabet, Sophie Calme, Holger Weissenberger, Griselda Escalona-Segura
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Harry Marshall, Lou Lecuyer, Sophie Calme
Summary: Compensation schemes for crop or livestock loss caused by wildlife are essential, and a research action approach in Mexico revealed that local actors' knowledge and evaluations are crucial for improving the schemes. The study found that participants' satisfaction with the scheme operation depends on ease of contact with staff, while satisfaction with application results is linked to trust in staff. The use of local actors' perceptions helped identify criteria for shaping evaluations and generated targeted recommendations for improvement.
HUMAN DIMENSIONS OF WILDLIFE
(2021)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Louis Tanguay, Jean-Francois Bissonnette, Katrine Turgeon, Sophie Calme
Summary: Private lands are increasingly targeted for conservation initiatives, but the fragmented nature of land ownership and heterogeneous profiles of landowners pose significant challenges. Conservation agents can seek to improve acceptance of conservation initiatives on private lands by enhancing institutional interactions, despite limited power over individual factors of landowners.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Martijn J. A. Weterings, Sanne Losekoot, Henry J. Kuipers, Herbert H. T. Prins, Frank Langevelde, Sipke E. Wieren
Summary: In this study, the authors assessed the impact of multiple predators on the body condition and fecundity of European hares in 13 areas in the Netherlands. They found that the sum of the field metabolic rate of predators was negatively correlated with body condition and the number of placental scars, while it was positively related to the weight of the adrenal glands. The total number of predators did not significantly affect the investigated risk responses. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the risk effects of multiple predators on prey fitness and identify a potential factor contributing to the decline of European hare populations.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Martijn J. A. Weterings, Nina Meister, Konstantin Fey, Patrick A. Jansen, Frank van Langevelde, Henry J. Kuipers
Summary: This study investigates whether playing wolf sounds induces fear responses in naive ungulates in a human-dominated landscape where wolves have been eradicated. The results show that the response to predator cues varies among different species and forest types, with naive wild boar showing dependence on forest type. The effects on visit rate disappear within 21 days, indicating habituation. Further research is needed to understand how different forest types affect the perception of naive ungulates to these sounds.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Rehema M. White, Birgit Schmook, Sophie Calme, Anthony J. Giordiano, Yves Hausser, Lynn Kimmel, Lou Lecuyer, Mauro Lucherini, Crisol Mendez-Medina, Juan L. Pena-Mondragon
Summary: Conservation biology is a discipline that requires collaboration between conservation and science, as it encompasses social, political, and ecological aspects. In a comparative study of 7 cases, motivations for collaboration, potential collaborators, and effective collaboration strategies were examined. The study found that successful conservation outcomes were prioritized in 5 cases, while livelihood benefits were prioritized in the other 2 cases. Participatory approaches were employed in all case studies, with multiple external actors playing a crucial role in enhancing conservation and sustainability outcomes. Key aspects of collaboration considered across the case studies included time, trust, tools, and transformative potential. Guidelines for successful collaboration were developed, emphasizing long-term commitment, knowledge integration, multiscalar and plural approaches, trust-building, appropriate engagement, evaluation, support for students, and efforts for transformation.
CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Environmental Sciences
Timothee Fouqueray, Ann Levesque, Katrine Turgeon, Jean-Francois Bissonnette, Sophie Calme, Jerome Dupras
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Correction
Behavioral Sciences
Martijn J. A. Weterings, Nina Meister, Konstantin Fey, Patrick A. Jansen, Frank van Langevelde, Henry J. Kuipers
Article
Zoology
Samara Brandsen, Louise S. Vermorken, Henry J. Kuipers, Sip E. van Wieren, Inger K. de Jonge, Martijn J. A. Weterings
Summary: This study experimentally assessed the effect of a reactive response to predation risk on the nutrient intake, vigilance time, foraging time, and vegetation preference of European hares. The results showed that elevated predation risk did not affect nutrient intake, vigilance time, or vegetation preference, but increased foraging time. Further field studies are needed to better understand the anti-predator and foraging tactics of different species.
Review
Biodiversity Conservation
Lou Lecuyer, Sophie Calme, Birgit Schmook, Rehema M. White
Summary: Global processes have led to an increase in documented conservation conflicts in local places. Conservation conflicts are not only about the direct negative impact of species on humans or vice versa, but also arise between people with diverse views. Conflict is influenced by risk perception, tolerance levels, and conservation values. Mapping the interaction of impact, risk perception, tolerance, and conservation values at a local scale can help predict, understand, and manage conservation conflict hotspots.
FRONTIERS IN CONSERVATION SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Jonathan Perez Flores, Holger Weissenberger, Antonio Lopez-Cen, Sophie Calme
Article
Forestry
Sadadi Ojoatre, Jos Barlow, Suzanne R. Jacobs, Mariana C. Rufino
Summary: This study evaluates the changes in a forest complex in Kenya and finds that within 20 years of disturbance, there is rapid recovery of aboveground biomass and carbon accumulation, and the species diversity remains high in these previously disturbed fragments.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Astor Torano Caicoya, Peter Biber, Miren del Rio, Ricardo Ruiz-Peinado, Catia Arcangeli, Robert Matthews, Hans Pretzsch
Summary: This study analyzed the effects of site and climate on the self-thinning line in Scots pine forests in Europe. The results showed that species tolerance, temperature, and precipitation influenced the slope of the self-thinning line. In terms of the intercept, latitude and radiation had compensating effects. Time did not show significant trends in the self-thinning line. The study highlights the need to adapt management strategies and models based on self-thinning to different latitudes. Climate change has not yet significantly impacted the self-thinning trajectory, but a continuous rise in temperature and high precipitation may accelerate the self-thinning process and result in increased biomass accumulation.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Haonan Zhang, Jianing Xu, Weiqi Meng, Zhonglin Li, Yanyan Ni, Weijie Li, Hao Chen, Xingshuo Zhang, Huanhuan Yuan, Zhi Wang
Summary: Secondary forests play a crucial role in ecosystem dynamics and biodiversity recovery. This study investigated the mechanisms underlying secondary succession in a restored secondary forest and found that deciduous tree species transition from diversity accumulators to repellents as they progress through different life history stages, while evergreen tree species can act as accumulators or remain neutral. The study also revealed the effects of density dependence on the mortality and regeneration of different tree species, and highlighted the importance of early-arriving tree species in facilitating the establishment and diversity of late-arriving counterparts.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Yierxiati Abulaiti, Zijian Huang, Guojiao Xie, Xiaojuan Zou, Qin Luo, Minhuang Wang, Qiong Yang, Ping Hu, Shixiao Yu
Summary: In this study, the resistance to pest infestation of native and exotic mangrove species was compared based on their traits and spectral reflectance. The results showed that exotic species exhibited higher resistance to pest infestation compared to native species.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Thomas Feiss, Vincent Robin, Delphine Aran, Joseph Levillain, Thierry Paul, Jean-Luc Dupouey
Summary: Fagus sylvatica L. is a competitive tree in European temperate deciduous forests, but often sporadic or absent in present-day stands where Quercus spp. are dominant. Through soil charcoal analysis in the Lorraine Plateau in France, the presence of Fagus and Quercus in mature Quercus stands was confirmed. Radiocarbon dating results indicated that historical forest management caused the replacement of Fagus by Quercus, starting from the Bronze Age.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Paula Halbig, Anne-Sophie Stelzer, Peter Baier, Josef Pennerstorfer, Horst Delb, Axel Schopf
Summary: The incidence of oak processionary moth in Central Europe has been increasing, posing severe threats to oak trees, humans, and animals. To address this issue, researchers have developed an online early warning system that provides phenological forecasts and decision support for the protection of oak trees and human health.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Jean-Baptiste Ndamiyehe Ncutirakiza, Sylvie Gourlet-Fleury, Philippe Lejeune, Xavier Bry, Catherine Trottier, Frederic Mortier, Adeline Fayolle, Francois Muhashy Habiyaremye, Leopold Ndjele Mianda-Bungi, Gauthier Ligot
Summary: This study examines the influence of canopy structure on tropical tree growth using data collected through unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and field measurements. The results show that combining UAV and field data can improve the prediction of tree diameter increment. Diameter at breast height and crown area are complementary predictors, and crown-based competition indices significantly enhance prediction models. The calibrated model at one site can accurately predict growth at another site.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Abebe Damtew, Emiru Birhane, Christian Messier, Alain Paquette, Bart Muys
Summary: Restoring degraded dryland requires a diverse mixture of trees and shrubs. Shading and species diversity can improve seedling survival and vitality. Shaded conditions led to higher seedling survival, vitality, and chlorophyll content, while increasing species richness improved seedling vitality in non-shaded conditions.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Francois Hebert, Isabelle Delisle, Marc Tremblay, Pascal Tremblay, Jean- Francois Boucher, Yan Boucher, Daniel Lord
Summary: Regeneration failures in the closed-crown boreal forest, resulting in the creation of open lichen woodlands, can be restored through clear-cutting, scarification, and natural seeding. Clear-cutting combined with scarification promotes seedling establishment, and scarification creates suitable microsites for germination. Seedling growth in lichen woodlands is higher when logging and scarification are combined, but lower compared to feather moss stands. Afforestation through natural seeding following scarification could be a cost-effective option for restoring lichen woodlands.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Bianca Wulansari Kassun, A. Maarit I. Kallio, Erik Tr Omborg, Meley Mekonen Rannestad
Summary: Mapping and analyzing forest ecosystem services in dry and mountain forests can provide valuable knowledge for sustainable forest management strategies.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Michael Premer, Eric Turnblom, Aaron Weiskittel
Summary: Managed forests serve as a natural climate change solution by sequestering carbon and storing it in harvested wood products, while also providing ecosystem services and wildlife habitat. This study focused on the stem sinuosity of juvenile coastal Douglas-fir and found that genetic improvement, silviculture practices, and local growing conditions can impact stem sinuosity. Factors such as tree spacing, vegetation control, and climate variables also affect the severity of stem sinuosity.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Bronwyn Lira Dyson, Rhea Herpel, Peter Karasch, Jorg Mueller, Dominik Thom, Claus Baessler
Summary: The study aimed to assess the effects of different forest management strategies, dead wood types, and microclimates on Fomes fomentarius. The results showed that the occupancy of Fomes fomentarius was lower in control stands, while the percent cover occupied on snags under a closed canopy was higher. Increasing the number of snags and maintaining dense forest canopies could enhance the presence of Fomes fomentarius as well as provide important microhabitats for various arthropods.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Di Liu, Chaofan Zhou, Xiao He, Xiangdong Lei, Huiru Zhang, Xianzhao Liu
Summary: Canopy structure plays a significant role in the distribution and growth of saplings. Traditional canopy metrics are inadequate in irregular stands. The innovative framework of canopy triangular units provides a comprehensive understanding of the canopy's three-dimensional attributes. Through this framework, we can analyze the differences in various triangular unit types and the spatial dispersion of saplings.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Amalia Valeria Ibanez Moro, Fabian Borghetti, Leonardo Galetto, Juan M. Cellini, Sandra J. Bravo
Summary: This study evaluated the size and persistence of soil seed banks (SSB) of six native woody species in dry subtropical forests of the western Argentine Chaco region. The results showed that SSB size was influenced by different sites and sampling years, and forest disturbances had varying effects on SSB.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Stephanie Landry, Marc-Andre Villard, Gaetan Pelletier, Martin-Hugues St-Laurent
Summary: In many regions of the world, excessive browsing by ungulates has reached unsustainable levels, threatening biodiversity and forest regeneration. Moose, as ecological engineers, have severe impacts on forest structure and composition through overbrowsing. The distribution of forage and cover patches affects moose browsing pressure, and this relationship has been explored in conifer-dominated stands but not in hardwood-dominated landscapes.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)