Article
Economics
Boqiang Lin, Michael Adu Okyere
Summary: Although energy poverty has gained attention, little effort has been made to understand the relationship between race and energy poverty in developing economies. This study examines the impact of race on multidimensional energy poverty in South Africa, taking into account the moderating effect of subsidies. The findings reveal that Non-Whites, particularly Blacks, are more vulnerable to energy poverty and experience a higher prevalence compared to their White counterparts. Discrimination is identified as a key factor contributing to this disparity, and compensating Non-Whites could significantly reduce energy poverty.
Article
Economics
Lucia Corno, Eliana La Ferrara, Justine Burns
Summary: The study suggests that living with a roommate of a different race reduces negative stereotypes towards Black students among White students and promotes interracial friendships. Additionally, it found that this interaction has a positive impact on academic outcomes, particularly for Black students.
AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
Samuel Masterson, Maritz Laubscher, Sithombo Maqungo, Nando Ferreira, Michael Held, William J. Harrison, Simon Matthew Graham
Summary: This study assesses the return-to-work rates of individuals with lower-limb long-bone fractures in South Africa and identifies factors that influence their ability to return to employment. The findings highlight the profound impact of these fractures on an individual's ability to work, potentially causing substantial economic implications for both the individual and their dependents.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Nicole Angotti, Sanyu A. Mojola, Yunhan Wen, Abby Ferdinando
Summary: The availability of antiretroviral treatment (ART) has shifted the focus of HIV prevention from behavioral changes to biomedical approaches, with successful ART management maintaining overall health and preventing viral transmission. However, the implementation of ART in South Africa has led to uneven spread of knowledge, influencing sexual practices due to counseling advice, norms, and gender dynamics. Middle-aged and older people living with HIV (MOPLH) face challenges in sexual decisions and negotiations, with biomedical bargains being used to reach consensus on the risks and terms of sex. Gender dynamics play a role, with women emphasizing treatment efficacy while men use biomedical arguments to justify condomless sex. The social impact on ART's therapeutic benefits remains significant.
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Economics
Miquel Pellicer, Vimal Ranchhod
Summary: The apartheid era in South Africa began in 1948 and was implemented through racially discriminatory laws. This study examines the effect of racial classification on labor market outcomes, finding that being classified as White resulted in a more than fourfold increase in income for men, while the findings for women are inconclusive.
JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
(2023)
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Camila Castillo-Alonso, Luna Tabilo, Sandra Lopez-Lazaro
Summary: This study evaluated the validity of posterior dentition dimensions for sex estimation in forensic contexts. The results showed that none of the dimensions reached an accuracy of ≥80%, indicating that they are not a reliable method for sex estimation in forensic practice.
ARCHIVES OF ORAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gwinyai Masukume, Margaret Ryan, Rumbidzai Masukume, Dorota Zammit, Victor Grech, Witness Mapanga
Summary: Due to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, South Africa experienced a temporary decrease and inversion in the sex ratio at birth in June 2020. This suggests that the population stress caused by the COVID-19 pandemic had notable effects on pregnancy and public health in South Africa.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Simbarashe Takuva, Azwidhwi Takalani, Ishen Seocharan, Nonhlanhla Yende-Zuma, Tarylee Reddy, Imke Engelbrecht, Mark Faesen, Kentse Khuto, Carmen Whyte, Veronique Bailey, Valentina Trivella, Jonathan Peter, Jessica E. Opie, Vernon Louw, Pradeep Rowji, Barry Jacobson, Pamela Groenewald, Rob Dorrington, Ria Laubscher, Debbie Bradshaw, Harry Moultrie, Lara Fairall, Ian Sanne, Linda Gail-Bekker, Glenda Gray, Ameena Goga, Nigel Garrett, Sisonke Study Team
Summary: The Sisonke study in South Africa evaluated the safety of the Janssen Ad26.COV2.S vaccine among healthcare workers and found that the vaccine demonstrated an acceptable safety profile, with most adverse events being expected reactogenicity signs and symptoms. The incidence of serious adverse events was lower than expected.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Rifqah Abeeda Roomaney, Brian van Wyk, Annibale Cois, Victoria Pillay van-Wyk
Summary: South Africa has a high burden of HIV and non-communicable diseases, which may lead to diseases clustering in unique ways. This study identified four disease classes and explored the sociodemographic and lifestyle factors associated with each class.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Wei Ding, Qing-Guo Wang, Jin-Xi Zhang
Summary: This paper analyzes and predicts the long-term dynamics of the COVID-19 epidemic in South Africa, revealing the weaknesses of past infection prevention and control measures and providing guidance for future containment strategies. The susceptible-infectious-recovered model is used to analyze the epidemic dynamics and an evolutionary algorithm is utilized for optimal long-term prediction.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
William E. Rudgard, Maria Granvik Saminathen, Mark Orkin, Bolade Hamed Banougnin, Yulia Shenderovich, Elona Toska
Summary: In a cohort study of adolescents in South Africa, researchers evaluated the longitudinal associations between six protective factors and five sexual risk behaviors for HIV transmission. The findings suggest that improving food security and education enrollment among adolescent girls, as well as positive and supervisory caregiving among both girls and boys, can significantly reduce sexual risk behaviors linked to HIV transmission.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Quinette Abigail Louw, Karina Berner, Ritika Tiwari, Dawn Ernstzen, Diribsa Tsegaye Bedada, Marisa Coetzee, Usuf Chikte
Summary: The demographics of South African physiotherapists have undergone gradual changes over the past several decades, with slower progress in gender transformation. More measures are needed to achieve a nationally representative transformation.
JOURNAL OF EVALUATION IN CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Studies
Goodness C. Aye, Nicholas M. Odhiambo
Summary: The study demonstrates that when oil prices exceed a certain threshold, they will have a significant negative impact on agricultural growth in South Africa.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Abhik Ghosh, Rita SahaRay, Sayan Chakrabarty, Sayan Bhadra
Summary: Quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA) and generalized quadratic discriminant analysis (GQDA) are effective statistical tools for classifying observations from different multivariate Normal populations, especially when dealing with populations with underlying elliptically symmetric distributions. However, they show significantly reduced efficiency and increased misclassification errors when handling data that are highly vulnerable to outliers.
PATTERN RECOGNITION
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Monica Birkhead, Wayne Grayson, Antoinette Grobbelaar, Veerle Msimang, Naazneen Moolla, Angela Mathee, Lucille Blumberg, Terry Marshall, Daniel Morobadi, Mirjana Popara, Jacqueline Weyer
Summary: Tanapox, a rarely diagnosed zoonotic disease, is endemic to equatorial Africa. All previously reported human cases were found within 10 degrees north or south of the Equator, with the most recent case occurring 19 years ago. Here, we present a human case of tanapox in South Africa, located 24 degrees south of the Equator. Enhanced surveillance for this pathogen is necessary.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)