Article
Medicine, Legal
Manuel Partido Navadijo, Inmaculada Aleman Aguilera
Summary: This study evaluated the correlation between fusion of sternal segments and age-at-death in a Mediterranean population. The fusion of the xyphoid process showed a predictable result and could be used as an indicator for chronological age.
FORENSIC SCIENCE MEDICINE AND PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Legal
Manuel Partido Navadijo, Ignacio Fombuena Zapata, Erik Adrian Borja Miranda, Inmaculada Aleman Aguilera
Summary: This study successfully established discriminant functions for sex estimation based on the analysis and measurement of ribs from contemporary skeletons. The results showed good feasibility and success rates, with excellent reproducibility demonstrated in intra-/inter-observer error tests.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LEGAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Yasin Ertug Cekdemir, Uygar Mutlu, Gokce Karaman, Ali Balci
Summary: The study found that morphometric measurements performed on CT images of the calcaneus can be effective for sex estimation, with all parameters significantly higher in men compared to women. The best performance for sex estimation was displayed by dorsal articular facet length and body height, while the simultaneous use of multiple variables can achieve gender discrimination accuracy as high as 96%.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Madalina Maria Diac, Tatiana Iov, Simona Irina Damian, Anton Knieling, Nona Girlescu, Codrin Lucasievici, Sofia David, Elena F. Kranioti, Diana Bulgaru Iliescu
Summary: The study aims to enhance forensic anthropology in Romania by creating a new regression formula for stature estimation using tibia length as a factor for Romanian adults. The research included 137 cases from a specific region in Romania and developed four regression formulae for stature estimation for males, females, and unknown sex, showing a high correlation between tibia length and stature. The results have good applicability in a forensic anthropological context and provide reliable estimates for estimating stature from tibia length in the Romanian adult population.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Yasin Ertug Cekdemir, Uygar Mutlu, Gokce Karaman, Ali Balci
Summary: The study found that morphometric measurements on cranial CT images can accurately estimate gender, with significant differences between males and females. The most discriminatory parameters were bi-zygomatic breadth, maximum cranial length, and bi-mastoid diameter.
Article
Medicine, Legal
Rutwik Shedge, Tanuj Kanchan, Pawan Kumar Garg, Shilpi Gupta Dixit, Varsha Warrier, Kewal Krishan
Summary: This study assessed the fusion of sternebrae in age estimation and found significant correlation between fusion scores and age. The research concluded that sternebral fusion can accurately estimate the age of juveniles and young adults.
Article
Medicine, Legal
Cristina M. Beltran-Aroca, Manuel Lopez-Alcaraz, Pablo Perez-Jorge, Jose L. Velazquez-Gomez, Pilar Font-Ugalde, Eloy Girela-Lopez
Summary: Post-mortem identification plays a significant role in death investigations for legal and humanitarian purposes. This study aimed to validate the Iscan method for age estimation in a Spanish forensic population by comparing estimates obtained from dry bones and 3D reconstructions. The results showed that virtual analysis using a surface scanner was a valid means of estimating age but recommended the joint use of different methods and anatomical sites due to considerable error values and confidence intervals.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LEGAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Legal
Catarina Ochoa Rodrigues, Maria Teresa Ferreira, Vitor Matos, David Goncalves
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of heat exposure on sex estimation based on morphological and metric features. Results showed that heat-induced changes affected scoring of features, especially at high temperatures, with caution advised during analysis of bones burnt at low-to-medium intensity burns.
Article
Medicine, Legal
Angel DesMarais, Zuzana Obertova, Daniel Franklin
Summary: This study assesses the relationship between age and pelvic morphology in an Australian population and finds significant differences in the distribution and means of scores among age groups, but only in females. This suggests that age affects pelvic morphology and should be considered when estimating sex based on the pelvis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LEGAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Legal
Daniele Garcovich, Laura Albert Gasco, Alfonso Alvarado Lorenzo, Riccardo Aiuto, Milagros Adobes Martin
Summary: The study analyzed the sexual dimorphism of the frontal bone using a geometric morphometric approach to assess the accuracy of sex estimates. The results showed that this method can achieve high accuracy for sex estimates in post-pubertal subjects, but is not applicable in pre-pubertal ones.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LEGAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Legal
Enrique Dorado-Fernandezu, David A. Caceres-Monllor, Manuel F. Carrillo-Rodriguez, Miguel Botella-Lopez, Jorge Murillo-Gonzalez
Summary: The sternum can be a useful tool in determining sex, especially when other bones with greater discriminating capacity are not available. By analyzing different metrics, particularly the total sternal length, successful discrimination of sex can be achieved.
ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Legal
Khosit Elvezio Kasikam, D. Troy Case, Mayuree Kasikam, Sukon Prasitwattanaseree, Apichat Sinthubua, Phruksachat Singsuwan, Pasuk Mahakkanukrauh
Summary: This study analyzed 13 dimensions of the palate and cranial base in 200 Thai skulls, finding the distance from right to left mastoidale to be the most accurate for sex estimation. The combination of a triangle and the distance from posterior nasal spine to the right greater palatine foramen also improved accuracy, suggesting the cranial base can be useful in cases of poor preservation or taphonomic degradation.
AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Legal
Lara Indra, Werner Vach, Jocelyne Desideri, Marie Besse, Sandra L. Pichler
Summary: Sex estimation is crucial for forensic scientists in identifying human skeletal remains, with osteometric analyses proving useful but population-specific. Multivariable equations are preferred over single measurements, and the utility of talus and patella in sex estimation is limited, with discernible differences in accuracy among different measurements. Discriminant functions developed in Greek or Spanish populations can potentially be applied to Swiss populations.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Verapat Jeamamornrat, Tawachai Monum, Waratchaya Keereewan, Pasuk Mahakkanukrauh
Summary: Stature estimation is an important process in skeletal identification. This study developed a model for estimating stature from dry sterna in a Thai population. The results showed that sternal measurements could be used for estimating height in this population.
ANATOMY & CELL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Legal
Siam Knecht, Frederic Santos, Yann Ardagna, Veronique Alunni, Pascal Adalian, Luisa Nogueira
Summary: This study generates and compares classification models for sex estimation based on combined measurement of long bones using machine learning classifiers. Eighteen measurements from four long bones were taken from a total of 2141 individuals. Random forest model performs the best among the different machine learning methods. This study upholds the value of combined long bones for sex estimation and provides accurate models.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LEGAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Legal
Heitor S. D. Correa, Ivano Alessandri, Andrea Verzeletti
Summary: This research assessed the usefulness of Raman spectroscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in analyzing bones. The techniques were found to be useful in molecular taphonomy studies and forensic genetics.
FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL
(2024)