Article
Medicine, Legal
Maren Cecilie Strand, Oyvind Bleka, Lena Kristoffersen, Gudrun Hoiseth
Summary: This study investigated the concentrations of zopiclone and co-ingestion with other drugs in apprehended drivers, and analyzed the half-life of zopiclone. The results showed that zopiclone was frequently detected in high concentrations in apprehended drivers and often co-ingested with other drugs. The analysis of two consecutive blood samples indicated an apparent half-life of zopiclone of approximately 3.1 to 3.8 hours.
FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Sara Odoardi, Giulia Biosa, Serena Mestria, Valeria Valentini, Nadia De Giovanni, Francesca Cittadini, Sabina Strano Rossi
Summary: This study focuses on the association between road accidents and the presence of drug abuse markers in drivers' biological fluids. The results indicate that alcohol, cannabinoids, and cocaine are the most frequently detected substances. The concentrations of drugs in urine are generally higher than in blood. The presence of cannabis or cocaine markers in drivers' urine is strongly associated with a higher risk of being involved in a road accident, even if they are no longer under the influence of these drugs at the time of the accident.
DRUG TESTING AND ANALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Brittney A. Hultgren, Katarina Guttmannova, Jennifer M. Cadigan, Jason R. Kilmer, Miranda L. M. Delawalla, Christine M. Lee, Mary E. Larimer
Summary: This study examined the associations between perceived injunctive norms and impaired driving behaviors among young adults in Washington State. The results indicated that more positive perceived injunctive norms were associated with higher odds of engaging in impaired driving behaviors.
JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Trenette C. Goings, Manuel Cano, Christopher P. Salas-Wright, Barbara Mendez Campos, Michael G. Vaughn
Summary: The study analyzed data from 170,944 adults aged 18 and older in the 2016-2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. It found that the overall prevalence of DUIS was 0.7% among adults in general and 28.3% among past-year stimulant users.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Thomas S. Burt, Timothy L. Brown, Rose Schmitt, Daniel McGehee, Gary Milavetz, Gary R. Gaffney, Chris Berka
Summary: This study found that driver's perceptions were more closely related to changes in driver inputs rather than the presence of cannabis itself. Subjective effects of cannabis significantly affected driver inputs such as steering frequency and steering reversal rate. Dosing condition played a more significant role in predicting variance in driving performance measures.
TRAFFIC INJURY PREVENTION
(2021)
Article
Substance Abuse
Vivia V. McCutcheon, Kathleen K. Bucholz, Alexandra N. Houston-Ludlam, Mary Waldron, Andrew C. Heath
Summary: The study found that maternal recurrent DUI is associated with increased risk of child mortality up to age 17, with delays in maternal mortality risk until the child reaches age 6-11 before increasing again from age 12-17.
DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE
(2021)
Article
Substance Abuse
Melanie Barker, Maria Luisa Zuniga, Jamila K. Stockman, Susan Woodruff, Brittany Wood
Summary: Suicide and driving under the influence are public health issues in the US. This study explores the associations between the two and finds that first- and multiple-time DUI offenders are at increased risk for suicidal thoughts and behavior.
ADDICTION RESEARCH & THEORY
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Constantine Ayimba, Michele Segata, Paolo Casari, Vincenzo Mancuso
Summary: This paper presents a controller for managing platooning of connected cars from the network edge, adapting to varying network conditions. It also proposes a Q-Learning algorithm to maintain low-latency connection in high mobility scenarios. The introduced scheme exhibits better compliance with vehicle speed and spacing targets compared to existing techniques.
COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jennifer R. Donnan, Dalainey H. Drakes, Emily C. Rowe, Maisam Najafizada, Lisa D. Bishop
Summary: This qualitative research explored youths' perceptions about cannabis and road safety through focus group interviews. The study found that there were variations in perceptions, influenced by factors such as lack of awareness of the impact of cannabis on driving ability, residence location, type of vehicle driven, and gender. The findings can inform the enhancement of cannabis policy and the development of youth-focused education on road safety.
Article
Medicine, Legal
Dayong Lee, Peter Stout, Donald Egdorf
Summary: The study evaluated DWI cases testing positive for hydrocodone, alprazolam, and carisoprodol in Houston from 2015 to 2019. The research found that drivers in Houston are continuing to take this dangerous drug combination, which poses a traffic safety risk, especially when combined with other drugs. Drivers exhibited various driving impairments and physical signs of impairment such as red/glassy eyes, slurred speech, and poor balance.
FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
R. Andrew Yockey, Jie Yang, Joseph G. L. Lee, Stacey Griner
Summary: The study found that older LGB adults are at higher risk for drugged driving compared to heterosexual counterparts, with individuals who identified as bisexual showing the highest risk. Interventions and harm reduction efforts are needed for healthcare improvement.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Peng Xu, Jianmin Bian, Yihan Li, Juanjuan Wu, Xiaoqing Sun, Yu Wang
Summary: Excessive enrichment of fluoride poses a threat to ecological stability and human health. This study investigated the evolution characteristics and hydrogeochemical processes of fluoride in a high-fluoride background area, as well as the impact of anthropogenic activities on fluoride migration, using hydrogeochemistry and isotope methods. The results provide new insights into fluoride migration under anthropogenic disturbance in high-fluoride background areas.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2022)
Article
Ergonomics
Brandon Scott, Nicholas Ward, Jay Otto, Kari Finley
Summary: The study found that people's intention to drive under the influence of cannabis (DUIC) is influenced by control beliefs, attitudes, and social norms, with intention having a stronger influence on DUIC. Therefore, changing people's beliefs about DUIC may help reduce occurrences of DUIC.
ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kunal Lalwani, Clayton Sewell, Gralyn Frazier, Wendel Abel
Summary: This study analyzed the prevalence of alcohol use patterns, sociodemographic factors, and risk of alcohol dependence among vehicle drivers in Jamaica. The results showed that 75% of Jamaicans reported lifetime alcohol use, with approximately 65% of drivers currently drinking alcohol. Among current drinkers, 18% admitted to driving under the influence of alcohol in the past year. Factors such as religion, occupation, age, gender, and household headship were found to be associated with higher rates of driving under the influence.
Article
Medicine, Legal
Sorin Hostiuc, Doina Radu, Lidia Seretean, Cosmin Tirdea, Razvan Siminiuc, George Cristian Curca
Summary: The study evaluated the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the pattern of alcohol use in drivers, showing a sharp decline followed by a slow upward trend in alcohol-related cases during the initial lockdown period. The increase in alcohol use was similar in male and female drivers, but significantly higher percentage increase was seen in women.
FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Legal
Heitor S. D. Correa, Ivano Alessandri, Andrea Verzeletti
Summary: This research assessed the usefulness of Raman spectroscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in analyzing bones. The techniques were found to be useful in molecular taphonomy studies and forensic genetics.
FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL
(2024)