Journal
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
Volume 44, Issue 5, Pages 1434-1440Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2011.02.047
Keywords
Bertholletia excelsa; Brazil nuts; Health benefit; Aspergillus; Food safety; Aflatoxins
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The monotypic type genus Bertholletia produces commercially nutritionally harvested edible seeds, Brazil nuts. It is an important product from the Amazon forest in the food production chain, with a 2008 annual world production of 78,000 tonnes, being Brazil responsible for approximately 40% of it. Although there are beneficial nutritional properties, the prevailing mycobiota of Brazil nuts include fungi that are producers of aflatoxins, such as Aspergillus flavus. A. parasiticus and A. nomius. Aflatoxins have deleterious effects in consumption considering the global distribution chain, affecting major exporting countries. The present review is focused on the importance of Brazil nuts for the Amazon rainforest, emphasizing on the social and environmental impact of its production, on the mycobiota contamination of seeds, and on the presence of mycotoxins and related food safety aspects. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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