Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jignasa Mehta, Gabriela Czanner, Simon Harding, David Newsham, Jude Robinson
Summary: Reduced visual function, impaired stereoacuity, and decreased high spatial frequency contrast are significant risk factors for falls in older adults. Older adults with a hearing impairment are also at higher risk. Living in a less deprived area and socializing more outside of the home decrease the risk of falls.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Arezoo Yari, Homa Yousefi Khoshsabegheh, Yadolah Zarezadeh, Ali Ardalan, Mohsen Soufi Boubakran, Abbas Ostadtaghizadeh, Mohamad Esmaeil Motlagh
Summary: The study found that factors such as age under 18, low literacy, being trapped in buildings/cars, and risky behaviors increase the risk of flood deaths, while having swimming skills paradoxically increases the risk of death, possibly due to increased self-confidence during floods. However, having skills and abilities like evacuation, requesting help, and escape can decrease the risk of flood deaths.
Article
Neurosciences
Tatjana Aue, Mihai Dricu, Laura Singh, Dominik A. Moser, Raviteja Kotikalapudi
Summary: Recent research has found that optimism robustness affects the speed of detecting outcomes and is associated with brain structures. The study shows a positive correlation between optimism robustness and gray matter volume in brain regions related to attention, while a negative correlation with GMV in the primary visual cortex was observed.
SOCIAL COGNITIVE AND AFFECTIVE NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Yinqing Fang, Ning Ding, Xiaonuo Li, Shiyu Wang, Wentao Jiao
Summary: The study found that the public's acceptance of risk control methods is influenced by their knowledge of soil pollution, with high risk estimation and low benefit estimation reducing acceptance; the public is more influenced by emotion triggered by knowledge in their decision-making process.
ALEXANDRIA ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Mingming Zhang, Mian Sajid Nazir, Rabia Farooqi, Muhammad Ishfaq
Summary: This study examines the impact of cognitive biases on investors' decision-making process in developing countries. The results show that cognitive biases have a significant positive effect on investors' decisions, with risk perception mediating the relationship and information asymmetry moderating it.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
David J. Graham, Hector S. Izurieta, Di Zhang, Armen Avagyan, Hai Lyu, Roger Wiederhorn, Yun Lu, Andrew D. Mosholder, Elizabeth R. Smith, Yueqin Zhao, Shanlai Shangguan, Huei-Ting Tsai, Dinci Pennap, Alexander T. Sandhu, Michael Wernecke, Thomas E. Macurdy, Jeffrey A. Kelman, Richard A. Forshee
Summary: This study found no association between the use of alpha-1 receptor blockers and the risk of uncomplicated or severe hospitalized COVID-19.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Bingbing Xiang, Shulan Jiao, Yongyu Si, Yuting Yao, Feng Yuan, Rui Chen
Summary: Postoperative pneumonia is a serious complication that can lead to adverse outcomes. Our study identified six independent risk factors that can be used for risk stratification and management of postoperative pneumonia. Gram-negative pathogens are the most common causative agents, and multidrug resistant bacteria are prevalent.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Xiaoying Kang, Shengxin Liu, Bjorn Roelstraete, Hamed Khalili, Jonas F. Ludvigsson
Summary: This study examined the association between type 1 diabetes (T1D) and microscopic colitis (MC). The results showed that the prevalence of T1D was almost 80% higher in MC patients compared to the general population. This association may be related to the consumption of medications associated with MC onset.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Ignacio Rodriguez-Garzon, Myriam Martinez-Fiestas, Adrian Darmohraj, Antonio Delgado-Padial, Ruben Chumpitaz
Summary: This study explores the differences in risk perception between professional and volunteer firefighters, finding that volunteers generally have lower levels of risk perception. The level of voluntariness can help predict perception of risk, as indicated by a linear hierarchical regression analysis.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Boyan Zhu, Hong Cheng, Wayne Wanta, Liang Zhu
Summary: This study examines the perceptions of China's image among the post-90s generation, their media use behaviors, and the relationships between their perceptions and behaviors. The results suggest that China's domestic image and its political, economic, and cultural images are generally perceived as neutral by the respondents, while they tend to disagree with the social image. The study also finds that media contact type has a significant influence on their perceptions of political image, as well as certain items related to economic and cultural images.
Article
Oncology
Eric Osei, Sandra Osei Afriyie, Samuel Oppong, Emmanuel Ampofo, Hubert Amu
Summary: The study found that the perceived risk of breast cancer among female university students is influenced by factors such as academic year, school, knowledge of someone with breast cancer, family history, current use of contraception, history of breast cancer screening, and intention to perform breast self-examination. Students who have undergone breast cancer screening or have the intention to perform breast self-examination are more likely to perceive themselves as being at risk for breast cancer.
JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Stefania Santoro, Vincenzo Totaro, Ruggiero Lovreglio, Domenico Camarda, Vito Iacobellis, Umberto Fratino
Summary: This study aims to assess citizens' flood risk perception and knowledge of protective measures in urban areas. The results suggest that flood risk perception depends on individuals' trust in public strategies and risk communication. The knowledge of protective measures is generally low, especially among teenagers.
Article
Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
Nishwa Iqbal Dar, Syed Zulfiqar Ali Shah, Zeeshan Ahmed
Summary: This study uncovers the biased behavior of overconfident managers in financial decision-making and explores the moderating role of cultural differences between overconfidence bias and risk perception. It provides hidden facts and solutions for developed and emerging economy's firms through the comparative analysis, mediation and moderation tests.
Article
Psychology, Social
Dario Monzani, Alessandra Gorini, Davide Mazzoni, Gabriella Pravettoni
Summary: The study found that optimistic individuals tend to underestimate their personal COVID-19 risk while overestimating the risk for others. These results shed light on the relationship between different forms of optimism and offer useful insights for risk communication strategies during the current pandemic.
PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ronza Najjar-Debbiny, Ofra Barnett-Griness, Johad Khoury, Naomi Gronich, Gabriel Weber, Yochay Adir, Michal Shteinberg, Sonia Shneir, Lokesh Sharma, Walid Saliba
Summary: This study found an association between COVID-19 and pulmonary fibrosis through a nested case-control study. The severity of COVID-19 is positively correlated with the magnitude of the association.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Rosalind J. Dodd, David R. Chadwick, Ian M. Harris, Adrian Hines, Dan Hollis, Theodoros Economou, Dylan Gwynn-Jones, John Scullion, David A. Robinson, David L. Jones
Summary: Recent research has found significant increases in the intensity, direction of change, and spatial position of extreme weather events since 1961. All land uses are impacted by the increasing risk of at least one extreme event, while conservation areas are identified as hotspots for the co-occurrence of multiple event types.
Article
Forestry
Xiaodan Sun, Gang Wang, Yuqian Ye, Qingxu Ma, Qingwei Guan, Davey L. Jones
Summary: Nitrogen fractions in forest soils respond differently to organic mulching, with rhizosphere microbial biomass nitrogen being more sensitive. Season and soil depth have more pronounced effects on nitrogen fractions than mulching.
JOURNAL OF FORESTRY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Soil Science
Lucy M. Greenfield, Jeremy Puissant, Davey L. Jones
Summary: Proteases play a crucial role in soil nitrogen cycling, but varied methods for evaluating protease activity and lack of standardisation can lead to biased measurements. Recommendations include reporting assay conditions and soil characteristics to reduce measurement errors.
SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Evelien M. Adriaenssens, Kata Farkas, James E. McDonald, David L. Jones, Heather E. Allison, Alan J. McCarthy
Summary: The study used viromic analysis to track the transmission pathway and impact of wastewater-derived viruses in aquatic environments, revealing diverse virus communities associated with different wastewater treatment plants and geographical locations. Viruses were traced throughout freshwater and marine environments, showing the influence of local geography and tidal effects on their circulation.
Article
Ecology
Fiona M. Seaton, Sabine Reinsch, Tim Goodall, Nicola White, Davey L. Jones, Robert I. Griffiths, Simon Creer, Andy Smith, Bridget A. Emmett, David A. Robinson
Summary: The study found significant changes in soil microbial communities in response to long-term climate manipulation, likely influenced by soil pH and electrical conductivity. Changes in microbial communities were more pronounced after an extended period of climate treatment, especially in deeper soil layers. Shifts in plant cover played a key role in influencing the microbial communities, particularly through impacts on soil physicochemical properties like pH.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Stephen F. Fitzgerald, Gianluigi Rossi, Alison S. Low, Sean P. McAteer, Brian O'Keefe, David Findlay, Graeme J. Cameron, Peter Pollard, Peter T. R. Singleton, George Ponton, Andrew C. Singer, Kata Farkas, Davey Jones, David W. Graham, Marcos Quintela-Baluja, Christine Tait-Burkard, David L. Gally, Rowland Kao, Alexander Corbishley
Summary: The study found that the use of the WBE program in Scotland can effectively quantify the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater and COVID-19 cases, with different sizes of wastewater treatment plants having varying predictive capabilities.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Soil Science
Philip M. Haygarth, Olivia Lawrenson, Malika Mezeli, Emma J. Sayer, Christopher S. McCloskey, Daniel L. Evans, Guy J. D. Kirk, Andrew M. Tye, David R. Chadwick, Steve P. McGrath, Sacha J. Mooney, Eric Paterson, David A. Robinson, Davey L. Jones
Summary: The STARS CDT was established in 2015 to address the skills shortage in Soil Science in the UK. By recruiting 41 PhD students across multiple institutions and providing diverse skills training, the CDT successfully produced a large number of high-quality research outputs.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Matthew J. Wade, Anna Lo Jacomo, Elena Armenise, Mathew R. Brown, Joshua T. Bunce, Graeme J. Cameron, Zhou Fang, Kata Farkas, Deidre F. Gilpin, David W. Graham, Jasmine M. S. Grimsley, Alwyn Hart, Till Hoffmann, Katherine J. Jackson, David L. Jones, Chris J. Lilley, John W. McGrath, Jennifer M. McKinley, Cormac McSparron, Behnam F. Nejad, Mario Morvan, Marcos Quintela-Baluja, Adrian M. I. Roberts, Andrew C. Singer, Celia Souque, Vanessa L. Speight, Chris Sweetapple, David Walkers, Glenn Watts, Andrew Weightman, Barbara Kasprzyk-Hordern
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to unprecedented pressure on global public health resources, prompting the development of National wastewater surveillance programmes in the UK to monitor the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This work highlights the unique importance of wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) for public health protection, with potential value beyond COVID-19 for monitoring a range of health markers.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2022)
Review
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Liang Wei, Tida Ge, Zhenke Zhu, Rongzhong Ye, Josep Penuelas, Yuhong Li, Tin Mar Lynn, Davey L. Jones, Jinshui Wu, Yakov Kuzyakov
Summary: Research shows that microbial biomass content in paddy soils is higher than in upland soils due to factors such as higher root C input by rice plants, lower oxygen availability, higher microbial C assimilation efficiency, and additional C stabilization on iron (oxyhydr)oxides in paddy soils. Despite higher temperatures and better water availability, microbial turnover is slower in paddy soils due to oxygen limitation, leading to nearly double the microbial biomass content compared to upland soils.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Economics & Policy
Bethany Cooper, Lin Crase, Michael Burton, Dan Rigby, Mohammad Jahangir Alam, Avinash Kishore
Summary: Poverty is widespread in the densely populated Eastern Gangetic Plains, where agriculture plays a critical role for more than half the population. However, there is disagreement on the mechanisms to support agricultural development. Some advocate for government support due to market weaknesses, while others promote market-oriented approaches. This study examines expert policymaking communities' preferences using stated preference techniques to explore these options. The results show support for policies that improve farmers' access to inputs, especially when delivered by the private sector. This research makes an important contribution to the literature on agricultural development policies.
AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND RESOURCE ECONOMICS
(2023)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Abraham Badjona, Robert Bradshaw, Caroline Millman, Martin Howarth, Bipro Dubey
Summary: Faba beans have gained attention as an alternative protein source, but their utilization is hindered by off-flavors. These off-flavors result from degradation during seed development and post-harvest processing stages. This review discusses the aroma of faba bean ingredients and factors such as cultivar, processing, and product formulation that influence flavor. Germination, fermentation, and pH modulation are identified as promising methods to enhance flavor and reduce bitter compounds.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Abraham Badjona, Robert Bradshaw, Caroline Millman, Martin Howarth, Bipro Dubey
Summary: The nutrition and food industries are exploring unconventional protein sources, such as faba beans, due to the increasing demand for plant proteins and increased knowledge of the health benefits of alternative proteins. Faba beans have high protein content and outperform other pulse proteins in terms of nutrition and functionalities. However, the presence of allergenic compounds in raw faba beans hinders their utilization in various foods. Processing faba beans by extracting valuable compounds like proteins enhances their applicability in different food systems and ensures safety during consumption. The goal of this review is to provide a comprehensive summary of current investigations on faba bean proteins and suggest ways to improve their utilization.
FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Abraham Badjona, Robert Bradshaw, Caroline Millman, Martin Howarth, Bipro Dubey
Summary: The use of faba bean seeds in new product formulations is becoming more popular due to their nutritional content, accessibility, low costs, environmental advantages, and health benefits. This review provides a comprehensive report on the antinutrients, bioactive compounds, and processing techniques of faba bean seeds. Various processing methods, including thermal and non-thermal treatments, are identified as ways to reduce antinutrients and enhance bioactive components. The evaluation also compares different methods in terms of their advantages, disadvantages, viability, pharmacological activity, and potential for improvement using emerging technologies.
Meeting Abstract
Nutrition & Dietetics
D. Plumbe, L. Forrester, C. Millman, A. Nichols
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NUTRITION SOCIETY
(2022)
Correction
Biochemical Research Methods
Kata Farkas, Luke S. Hillary, Jamie Thorpe, David I. Walker, James A. Lowther, James E. McDonald, Shelagh K. Malham, Davey L. Jones
METHODS AND PROTOCOLS
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ewelina Bigoraj, Iwona Kozyra, Agnieszka Kaupke, Zbigniew Osinski, James Lowther, Artur Rzezutka
Summary: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of human enteric viruses in mussels sold on the Polish market and study the fecal contamination of shellfish. The study found that human enteric viruses were commonly present in shellfish, with norovirus being the most frequently detected. The study also observed a seasonal distribution pattern of viruses in shellfish samples.
Editorial Material
Food Science & Technology
Bojan Blagojevic, Lis Alban Denmark
Article
Food Science & Technology
Indy Magnus, Fatemeh Abbasi, Hugo Thienpont, Lien Smeesters
Summary: Food safety and quality are increasingly important in our society, driving the development of novel optical food sensing technologies. However, current optical sensing technologies are often limited in their sensitivity and product variability. In this study, we developed a novel pistachio nut screening methodology using fluorescence spectroscopy and advanced chemometrics to simultaneously detect shells, tree parts, and aflatoxins. By optimizing hardware and software parameters, we achieved a high classification accuracy for healthy pistachio kernels.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Xiaodong Wang, Jingqiang Yu, Haixia Wu, Leiying Wu, Wuyunga Borjihan, Cong Wang, Munkhjargal Burenjargal, Alideertu Dong
Summary: This study developed a novel photon-phonon coupling (PPC) cold sterilization technology and compared its effects with low-temperature pasteurization and microwave ultraviolet. The results showed that PPC effectively reduced bacterial count in raw milk with minimal impact on milk quality and nutritional composition.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Riyadh Abdulmalek Hassan, Sharina Abu Hanifah, Lee Yook Heng, Fawaz Al-badaii, Alizar Ulianas
Summary: This study used bibliometric visualisation map analysis to explore the publication outputs, trends, and hotspots for endocrine disruptors (EDMs) biosensor development in relation to mycotoxins. The analysis showed that the current literature primarily focuses on developing biosensors for detecting highly toxic and widely distributed mycotoxins in food, but there needs to be more focus on biosensors for detecting mycotoxins known as endocrine disruptors.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Yajie Zheng, Jianpeng Dou, Changpo Sun, Hujun Liu, Shipei Zhang, Wenfu Wu
Summary: This study investigated the efficiency of modified SA/ll-glucan/Mt microsphere adsorbents in removing DON and ZEN from CSL. The microspheres showed high adsorption capacity, and simple and rapid regeneration was achieved without affecting the removal efficiency of mycotoxins from CSL.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Carlos Adelantado, Jose Angel Salatti-Dorado, Carlos Herrera, Lourdes Arce, Maria Jose Cardador
Summary: High-performance-ion mobility spectrometry (HPIMS) was used for the first time in the analysis of olive oil samples, following a simple liquid-liquid extraction procedure. The developed methodology is user-friendly, fast, and inexpensive, complying with the principles of green chemistry. The proposed approach, combined with multivariate analysis, showed potential in classifying olive oil samples based on their organoleptic quality, with high accuracy rates.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jia-Wen Wei, Jia-Rong He, Shi-Yi Chen, Yi-Han Guo, Xuan-Zhu Huo, Nuan Zheng, Shuo-Hui Cao, Yao-Qun Li
Summary: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a major cause of human cancer. This study developed a quantitative analysis method for PAH4 using the back propagation neural network (BPNN) algorithm and constant wavelength synchronous fluorescence (CWSF) spectra as the data sets. The method can predict the concentrations of PAH4 in edible oil samples without preprocessing or pre-separation. It has been proven to be a powerful tool for the rapid detection of PAH4.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Liyun Chen, Xiumei Li, Jingyi Chen, Ranxun Lin, Yuhan Mai, Yuxin Lin, Guodong Wang, Zheng Chen, Wei Zhang, Jiang Wang, Cai Yuan, Longguang Jiang, Peng Xu, Mingdong Huang
Summary: Food spoilage is primarily caused by microbial contamination. Curcumin has shown moderate antimicrobial activity as a food preservative. This study formulates curcumin with zinc acetate to enhance its efficacy, resulting in Cur-Zn with increased antimicrobial activity against multiple food-contaminating bacteria and fungi. With light illumination, the antimicrobial activity of Cur-Zn is further enhanced due to the photodynamic inactivation (PDI) effect.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Marta Pilar Ortiz-Moriano, Gonzalo Machado-Schiaffino, Eva Garcia-Vazquez, Alba Ardura
Summary: Mislabelling in the global fisheries sector raises concerns about the identity, safety, and sustainability of seafood products. This study examined mislabelling in shrimps and prawns sold in the Spanish market and assessed potential risks of heavy metal ingestion.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Doyeon Kim, Jinwoo Kim, Minsik Kim
Summary: This study demonstrates the enhanced bactericidal activity of engineered lysins fused with amphipathic antimicrobial peptides against Gram-negative bacterium Cronobacter sakazakii. The fusion lysins are capable of disrupting bacterial cells and significantly reducing the risk of infection within a certain range of temperature and pH. Additionally, the study also shows the bactericidal effect of these fusion lysins against other Gram-negative pathogens.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Seul-Ki Park, Kyung-Jin Cho, Du-Min Jo, Young-Mog Kim
Summary: This study presents a new approach for detecting pathogenic Vibrio spp. in contaminated seafood, which combines PCR with a simplified DNA extraction process and pre-culturing step. The method has been validated and shown to be efficient, time-saving, and highly sensitive, offering a potential alternative for improving safety measures in the food industry.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Suwimol Surareungchai, Chaleeda Borompichaichartkul, Chitsiri Rachtanapun, Nutthachai Pongprasert, Pongphen Jitareerat, Varit Srilaong
Summary: This study builds upon previous research and focuses on risk assessment and analysis in the organic salad industry. The results show that previous risk matrix models can be adapted for various raw materials, and preventive control plans can be applied across different aspects of the production process.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Xuan Zhang, Changling Fang, Xiaoyi Lou, Feng Han, Siman Li, Yongfu Shi, Dongmei Huang
Summary: This study aimed to assess the levels of Biogenic amines (BAs) in four common food types in the Chinese market. It was found that cheese and seafood derived product showed higher levels of BAs, and the histamine level in mackerel and yellow rice wine exceeded the limits.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Martina Foschi, Alessandra Biancolillo, Federico Marini, Francesco Cosentino, Francesca Di Donato, Angelo Antonio D'Archivio
Summary: This study aimed to develop a potentially non-destructive and routine-compatible method for the geographical traceability of high-valued Italian chickpeas. By analyzing the spectral information of the outer and inner parts of the kernels, it was found that the spectral analysis of the outer part yielded accurate and reliable results, indicating the possibility of non-destructive authentication.