Article
Food Science & Technology
Ahmed Tabarani, Abdellah Zinedine, Joao Miguel Rocha, Moez Sanaa, El Hassane Abdennebi
Summary: The study compares ochratoxin A (OTA) exposure through the intake of three cereal derivative products in two different climatic regions in Morocco. Results show a significant difference in OTA exposure between the littoral and continental regions. Cereal derivatives constitute an important vector of OTA exposure and exceed toxicological reference values among large consumers in the littoral region, suggesting the need to reconsider the maximum regulatory limit set for OTA in cereal derivatives by Moroccan authorities.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Beatriz Arce-Lopez, Elena Lizarraga, Reyes Lopez de Mesa, Elena Gonzalez-Penas
Summary: This study focused on the levels of mycotoxins in plasma samples from healthy and sick children in Spain, revealing the prevalence of OTA and STER in all children, with potential differences in OTA metabolism pathways leading to variations in OTA levels.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Shahzad Zafar Iqbal, Amna Mumtaz, Zahid Mahmood, Muhammad Waqas, Abdul Ghaffar, Amir Ismail, Wajeeha Pervaiz
Summary: The study investigated the levels of aflatoxins and ochratoxin A in chili sauce samples from central cities of Pakistan, finding that a majority of the samples exceeded legal limits, posing potential health risks for the local population.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Celine Meerpoel, Arnau Vidal, Mirjana Andjelkovic, Marthe De Boevre, Emmanuel K. Tangni, Bart Huybrechts, Mathias Devreese, Siska Croubels, Sarah De Saeger
Summary: The study assessed dietary exposure to citrinin and ochratoxin A in the Belgian population, finding potential health risks for children from rice consumption and for various food categories with ochratoxin A exposure at higher percentiles. Combined exposure to both toxins showed a potential health risk, particularly in relation to rice consumption, indicating a need for further research on multiple mycotoxin exposure in young children.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Xiaoyi He, Qianyi Zhong, Kai Yan, Guoying Li, Junhua Yang
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effect of exposure to aspartame at safe levels on proinflammatory cytokines in the cerebrospinal fluid of rats. The results showed that exposure to aspartame increased the levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the cerebrospinal fluid, with a delay compared to blood and brain tissue. This study suggests the necessity of conducting clinical studies to evaluate potential neuroinflammatory effects induced by chronic aspartame exposure through cerebrospinal fluid analysis.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Paul C. Turner, Jessica A. Snyder
Summary: The heterogeneous distribution of mycotoxins in food limits the usefulness of food sampling and intake estimates for epidemiological studies, highlighting the importance of validated exposure biomarkers.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Nikita Saha Turna, Felicia Wu
Summary: The study found that milk samples from several nations such as Pakistan, India, and some sub-Saharan African countries had AFM1 levels that significantly exceeded the regulatory limits set by the United States and the European Union. This indicates a potential risk to individuals in those nations with high milk consumption. High levels of AFM1 in milk also suggest high levels of AFB1 in animal feed, which could potentially harm both animals and humans upon consumption.
TRENDS IN FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Azem Belasli, Marta Herrera, Agustin Arino, Djamel Djenane
Summary: This study investigated the occurrence and levels of mycotoxins in cereal-based products, nuts, and dried fruits in Algeria. Aflatoxins were found in a significant percentage of the samples, while ochratoxin A and zearalenone were only detected in some cereal-based products. Some samples exceeded the EU maximum level for aflatoxin B1, posing a potential risk to the Algerian population.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Manar Al Ayoubi, Mohammad Salman, Lucia Gambacorta, Nada El Darra, Michele Solfrizzo
Summary: The study found that OTA was present in the diets and urine of Lebanese children, with MOE values for neoplastic effects below the limit, indicating a major health threat. Further toxicokinetic studies on OTA should be conducted before using urine to measure OTA exposure.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Claudia Foerster, Gisela Rios-Gajardo, Patricia Gomez, Katherine Munoz, Sandra Cortes, Carlos Maldonado, Catterina Ferreccio
Summary: The study found that exposure to DON was most common in participants' urine, followed by AFB1 and ZEN. Consuming coffee and pepper was closely related to the presence of DON and total ZEL in urine, while drinking habits were associated with DON. Furthermore, correlations were observed between DON and nuts, total ZEL and cereals, as well as aflatoxins and capsicum powder and walnuts.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Hangbin Yan, Liang Zhang, Ziling Ye, Aibo Wu, Dianzhen Yu, You Wu, Yu Zhou
Summary: A specialized method for detecting OTA in fermented teas was developed and validated, showing no health risks overall but indicating potential health risks in specific age groups.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Zifei Wang, Pengfeng Qu, Yunfeng Zhao, Yongning Wu, Bing Lyu, Hongjian Miao
Summary: The China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment conducted the sixth total diet study to analyze the intake and risk of ethyl carbamate (EC) in the general population in China. The results showed that the carcinogenic risk of EC due to alcoholic intake is essentially minimal in the general Chinese population.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yin Zhu, Shaomin Wang, Xiaohui Xu, Lingling Wang, Heng Zhou, Xuanyu Ying, Qing Hu, Xinglong Wang, Shen Ji, Qiang Cai
Summary: This study evaluates the health risk of OTA in Astragali Radix (AR) in China and assesses the impact of different limit levels on risk control. The findings highlight the relatively high OTA exposure risk for long-term consumers of AR. Risk-based evaluation of limit levels can help with the screening of appropriate management levels for OTA contamination in AR.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Niels Graudal, Thorbjorn Hubeck-Graudal, Gesche Jurgens
Summary: This study analyzed the association between a wide range of sodium intake and plasma renin activity (PRA). The results showed a negative correlation between PRA and sodium intake in populations with low sodium intake, while there was no such association in populations with usual/high sodium intake.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Matthias Behrens, Sabine Huewel, Hans-Joachim Galla, Hans-Ulrich Humpf
Summary: Recent studies suggest that environmental toxins like mycotoxins may be risk factors for neurodegenerative diseases. However, the neurotoxic effects of mycotoxins such as ochratoxin A depend on their ability to penetrate or affect the integrity of the blood-brain barrier.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Cristina Varo, Silvia Amoretti, Giulio Sparacino, Esther Jimenez, Brisa Sole, Caterina del Mar Bonnin, Laura Montejo, Maria Serra, Carla Torrent, Estela Salagre, Antoni Benabarre, Pilar Salgado-Pineda, Irene Montoro Salvatierra, Pilar A. Saiz, Maria Paz Garcia-Portilla, Vanessa Sanchez-Gistau, Edith Pomarol-Clotet, Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga, Isabella Pacchiarotti, Clemente Garcia-Rizo, Juan Undurraga, Maria Reinares, Anabel Martinez-Aran, Eduard Vieta, Norma Verdolini
Summary: This study found that emotional intelligence is preserved in patients after a first episode mania, but deficits can be observed in patients with chronic bipolar disorder. The severity of the illness and neurocognitive decline may contribute to impairments in emotional intelligence.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Psychology, Developmental
Imanol Setien-Ramos, Jorge Lugo-Marin, Laura Gisbert-Gustemps, Emiliano Diez-Villoria, Maria Magan-Maganto, Ricardo Canal-Bedia, Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga
Summary: Eye-tracking studies have the potential to effectively differentiate between ASD and non-ASD groups, with fixation duration being an important factor. Active engaged tasks can reduce differences between ASD and non-ASD adults. Proportional fixation duration on eyes and non-social areas in non-active tasks is the optimal design for increasing sensitivity and specificity in ASD adults.
JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Maria Soler Artigas, Cristina Sanchez-Mora, Paula Rovira, Laura Vilar-Ribo, Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga, Marta Ribases
Summary: This study investigates the causal relationship between ADHD and various related traits using GWAS data, providing new insights into the understanding and prevention of ADHD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Bibiana Zuluaga-Calderon, Hector Horacio Lucas Gonzalez, Stella Maris Alzamora, Maria Bernarda Coronel
Summary: The effect of multi-step ozone treatments on the reduction of Fusarium graminearum in contaminated malting barley was studied. The treatments led to a significant reduction in the incidence of the mould at different incubation temperatures, without affecting germination parameters. The use of ozone treatment in the malting process can improve malt and beer quality and allow for shorter steeping periods.
INNOVATIVE FOOD SCIENCE & EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Jose Antonio Ramos-Quiroga, Vanesa Richarte, Isabel Soto, Maria Targhetta, John Ward, Nuria Perulero
Summary: This article estimates the prevalence and incidence of ADHD in Spain using a large database and analyzes variations in its treatment. The study finds higher rates of ADHD in children and males compared to adults and females. However, there is underdiagnosis and undertreatment of ADHD in adults, especially in females. The article calls for addressing the lack of diagnostic tools for adults and the variations in treatment across the country.
JOURNAL OF ATTENTION DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jose A. Gallardo, Sonia Marin, Antonio J. Ramos, German Cano-Sancho, Vicente Sanchis
Summary: Enniatin B (ENNB) is a mycotoxin produced by moulds from the Fusarium genera, and its toxic effects are still not fully understood, therefore a safe reference exposure value has not been established. ENNB is the most prevalent emerging mycotoxin found in cereal-based products, but there is a lack of comprehensive exposure assessment studies. This study aimed to characterize the occurrence of ENNB and estimate the exposure of the Spanish and Catalan populations. The results showed a high occurrence of ENNB in all foodstuffs analyzed, with a strong correlation with deoxynivalenol levels. Children aged one-nine years had the highest exposure. This study highlights the need for further toxicological data and formal risk assessment considering the co-occurrence with deoxynivalenol.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Mireia Forner-Puntonet, Laura Gisbert-Gustemps, Eudald Castell-Panisello, Mauricio Larrarte, Jesus Quintero, Gema Ariceta, Ferran Gran, Ignacio Iglesias-Serrano, Annabella Garcia-Moran, Gemma Espanol-Martin, Pol Ibanez-Jimenez, Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga
Summary: The objective of this study was to evaluate psychopathology, family stress, and coping strategies in families of pediatric solid organ transplantation (SOT) recipients compared to families of healthy children and adolescents. The results showed that families of SOT recipients exhibited higher levels of anxiety, stress related to childcare and parent-child interaction, and used more avoidance and religious coping strategies, while using fewer social support coping strategies. The study highlights the importance of providing psychological interventions and support for caregivers of SOT patients.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Gara Arteaga-Henriquez, Laura Gisbert, Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga
Summary: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition with unclear pathogenesis and limited effective therapies. There is evidence suggesting an association between ASD and immune/inflammatory processes, providing a potential pathway for new drug interventions. This review summarizes the latest evidence on the use of immunoregulatory and/or anti-inflammatory agents for managing ASD.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Silvia Alemany, Maria Soler-Artigas, Judit Cabana-Dominguez, Dana Fakhreddine, Natalia Llonga, Laura Vilar-Ribo, Amanda Rodriguez-Urrutia, Judit Palacio, Ana Maria Gonzalez-Castro, Beatriz Lobo, Carmen Alonso-Cotoner, Magnus Simren, Javier Santos, Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga, Marta Ribases
Summary: In this study, a multi-trait genome-wide association study was conducted to explore the genetic overlap between irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), neuroticism, depression, and anxiety. The results revealed a polygenic architecture for IBS and identified novel genetic variants associated with the disorder. The analysis also showed bidirectional causal effects between IBS and neuroticism and depression, as well as the genetic liability of IBS on anxiety. These findings contribute to our understanding of the genetic basis and relationships between gastrointestinal and mental disorders.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Laura Vilar-Ribo, Judit Cabana-Dominguez, Lourdes Martorell, Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga, Sandra Sanchez-Roige, Abraham A. Palmer, Elisabet Vilella, Marta Ribases, Gerard Muntane, Maria Soler Artigas
Summary: There is evidence linking ADHD to reduced life expectancy. Individuals with ADHD have a higher mortality rate, which may be caused by unhealthy lifestyle behaviors, social adversity, and mental health problems. The study found a negative genetic correlation between ADHD and parental lifespan, indicating a common genetic background. These findings highlight the importance of ADHD as a health condition that can negatively affect lifespan and future life outcomes.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Gemma Espanol-Martin, Mireia Pagerols, Raquel Prat, Cristina Rivas, Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga, Miquel Casas, Rosa Bosch
Summary: Prior research has shown that ADHD, SLD, and SES have an impact on educational outcomes. This study aimed to examine whether SES moderates the association between these neurodevelopmental disorders and academic achievement in Spanish students. The results indicate that ADHD and SLD have a significant impact on academic performance across different socioeconomic backgrounds.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Natalia Calvo, Jorge Lugo Marin, Raquel Vidal, Carla Sharp, Juan D. Duque, Josep-Antoni Ramos-Quiroga, Marc Ferrer
Summary: This study examines the capacity of the self-report Borderline Personality Features Scale Children-11 (BPFSC-11) to discriminate between Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in adolescents. The results show that the total BPFSC-11 score has good discriminant capacity among adolescents diagnosed with BPD, ADHD, and healthy volunteers. However, different patterns of discriminative capacity were observed between the three groups for emotional dysregulation and impulsivity/recklessness factors.
BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER AND EMOTION DYSREGULATION
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Rogelio Santiago, Antonio J. Ramos, Ana Cao, Rosa Ana Malvar, Ana Butron
Summary: In temperate regions, maize kernels are susceptible to contamination by the fumonisin-producing fungus Fusarium verticillioides. Maize breeding plays a crucial role in reducing fumonisin contamination, and a pedigree selection program was initiated to obtain inbred lines (EPFUM) with resistance to kernel contamination. The study found that EPFUM hybrids showed better resistance to Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin contamination compared to commercial hybrids, indicating their potential in the market. White kernel hybrid EPFUM-4 x EP116 was highlighted as an alternative to dent hybrid cultivation due to its higher market value.
Article
Agronomy
Clara Melguizo, Belen Patino, Antonio J. Ramos, Covadonga Vazquez, Jessica Gil-Serna
Summary: Aspergillus flavus is a xerophilic fungus whose occurrence in vineyards is increasing, but the risk of grape contamination with aflatoxin needs further investigation.
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Miguel Garcia-Argibay, Lin Li, Ebba Du Rietz, Le Zhang, Honghui Yao, Johan Jendle, Josep A. Ramos-Quiroga, Marta Ribases, Zheng Chang, Isabell Brikell, Samuele Cortese, Henrik Larsson
Summary: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the association between ADHD and T2D. Our findings suggest that individuals with ADHD have a significantly increased risk of developing T2D, and this association can be largely explained by psychiatric comorbidities. Early identification and treatment of ADHD comorbidities may be crucial in reducing the risk of T2D in individuals with ADHD.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2023)
