Article
Plant Sciences
Belinda Davis, Wei-Han Lim, Hans Lambers, Kingsley W. Dixon, David J. Read
Summary: This study investigates the phosphorus (P) nutrition in green-leaved terrestrial orchid species growing naturally in P-impoverished soils. The findings reveal that these orchids can obtain significant amounts of inorganic P from their fungal symbionts, and the uptake is significantly higher compared to other green-leaved orchids. These results provide support for differences in P acquisition between orchid species and fungal symbionts, and suggest the presence of plant-mediated niche differentiation.
Article
Plant Sciences
Dominik Blesa, Pavel Matusinsky, Romana Sedmikova, Milan Balaz
Summary: Biological control is increasingly common in plant production, and Rh-like fungi have the potential to form endophytic associations and mycorrhizal symbioses with a wide range of higher plants. These fungi, especially when cultivated on organic substrates, show promise for use in production. In vitro studies show the ability of Rh-like fungi to inhibit plant pathogens, with particularly beneficial effects observed in pot experiments.
Article
Ecology
Lynnaun J. A. N. Johnson, Michael E. E. Kane, Lawrence W. W. Zettler, Gregory M. M. Mueller
Summary: In this study, the mycorrhizal fungal community and fine-scale distribution of a rare and endangered epiphytic orchid, Dendrophylax lindenii, were investigated. The results showed that D. lindenii has high specificity for a single species of Ceratobasidium fungus, which was mostly absent in co-occurring epiphytic orchids. These findings suggest that this orchid mycorrhizal fungus may play a significant role in the fine-scale distribution of naturally occurring D. lindenii.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Marc W. Freestone, Nigel D. Swarts, Noushka Reiter, Sean Tomlinson, Frances C. Sussmilch, Magali M. Wright, Gareth D. Holmes, Ryan D. Phillips, Celeste C. Linde
Summary: The study investigated the distribution and diversity of Ceratobasidium OMF in orchids and soils across Australia, revealing common cross-continental fungi with ranges exceeding that of their host orchids. This suggests these fungi do not limit their host orchids' distributions at large spatial scales. The majority of OTUs were found in southern Australia, with some extending into central and northern regions, showcasing their tolerance for a wide range of environmental conditions.
Article
Horticulture
Qianyu Yang, Lijun Xu, Wei Xia, Lixiong Liang, Xiao Bai, Lubin Li, Lu Xu, Lei Liu
Summary: In this study, orchid seeds were found to establish a relationship with orchid mycorrhizal fungi for germination, with Tulasnella calospora (Tca) showing significant seed germination-promoting effects on Cymbidium mannii and Epidendrum radicans. Different concentrations of oatmeal agar (OA) medium influenced the symbiosis and compatibility of the fungi with the orchids, highlighting the importance of mycorrhizal technology for the propagation and conservation of endangered orchid species.
Article
Agronomy
Luisa M. Manici, F. Caputo, M. Castellini, M. L. Sacca
Summary: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between Binucleate Rhizoctonia sp. (BNR) and olive trees in order to find beneficial soil microorganisms suitable for supporting plant growth in degraded semi-arid soils. BNR was isolated from ancient olive groves and its functional relationship with olive trees was estimated using growth assays. The results showed that BNR AG-A increased olive tree growth and promoted the production of indole-3-acetic acid, suggesting its potential as a biotic resource for enhancing soil ecosystem services.
Article
Microbiology
Kazutomo Yokoya, Alison S. Jacob, Lawrence W. Zettler, Jonathan P. Kendon, Manoj Menon, Jake Bell, Landy Rajaovelona, Viswambharan Sarasan
Summary: The study evaluated the fungal diversity of 11 species of Cynorkis in Madagascar, finding a negative correlation between the species and NO3-N and P levels in the soil. Most species were found in soils with low NO3-N and P contents.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Adam R. Herdman, Ernesto B. Mujica, Mark W. Danaher, Lawrence W. Zettler, Kurt Schulz, Elizabeth Esselman
Summary: The study aimed to investigate and document the ribbon orchid populations in the northern portion of the Fakahatchee Strand and identify the crucial factors for its survival. During the period of 2016-2022, a total of 118 ribbon orchids were recorded, primarily rooted on pop ash trees, with a decreasing number over the years, and the largest decline happened after Hurricane Irma. The study highlights the urgent need for immediate conservation efforts to protect this species in southern Florida.
Article
Plant Sciences
Silvia De Rose, Yukari Kuga, Fabiano Sillo, Valeria Fochi, Naoya Sakamoto, Jacopo Calevo, Silvia Perotto, Raffaella Balestrini
Summary: Orchid mycorrhiza (OM) is a unique symbiosis between plants and fungi, where the mycorrhizal fungus provides carbon, phosphorus, nitrogen, and possibly sulfur to the host orchid. This study investigated sulfur metabolism and transfer in the OM symbiosis using advanced imaging techniques and gene expression analysis. The findings revealed that the fungi actively contribute to sulfur supply, and the transfer most likely occurs in organic forms. This study adds new insights into the nutritional framework of OM symbiosis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tao Wang, Xiaolu Cao, Xiaojing Wang, Miao Chi, Lubin Li, Na Yao
Summary: This study systematically explored optimal reference genes for gene expression studies during the colonization of orchid seeds by the mycorrhizal fungus Tulasnella, finding that EF2, UBC, and PP2A genes showed the potential to be suitable for RT-qPCR normalization with stable expression levels.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Kenji Suetsugu, Jun Matsubayashi
Summary: Some green orchids obtain carbon from both mycobionts and photosynthesis, while albino and variegated orchids have a higher dependency on mycobionts. A study found that all phenotypes of Platanthera hondoensis were associated dominantly with a non-ectomycorrhizal rhizoctonia from Ceratobasidiaceae. Regression analysis revealed a positive relationship between foliar chlorophyll concentration and the degree of mycoheterotrophy. This study suggests that orchids can dynamically adjust fungal exploitation in response to photosynthetic carbon levels, and non-ectomycorrhizal rhizoctonia may be the most common mycorrhizal partner for orchids.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
J. Calevo, S. Voyron, M. Adamo, P. Alibrandi, S. Perotto, M. Girlanda
Summary: The study found through experiments that orchid mycorrhizal fungi are mainly associated with host roots, but may also infect new orchid roots by parasitizing on older roots in other parts of the plant, potentially providing a environmental source for the establishment of OM symbiosis.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
De-Yun Chen, Xin-Ju Wang, Tai-Qiang Li, Neng-Qi Li, Jiang-Yun Gao
Summary: In this study, a method of using in situ seedling baiting to capture seedling growth-promoting fungi from over-collected medicinal orchids was developed. Results showed that this approach could efficiently obtain seedling growth-promoting fungi, with potential broad applications in orchid mycorrhiza studies and conservation.
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Galih Chersy Pujasatria, Ikuo Nishiguchi, Chihiro Miura, Masahide Yamato, Hironori Kaminaka
Summary: This study characterized the fungal community structure of Vanda falcata at different developmental stages. It revealed that the fungal community remains similar throughout the development, with dominance of Ascomycota and presence of Basidiomycota. Mycorrhizal fungi were mainly concentrated in the root parts attached to the bark, while ascomycetous fungi were distributed in the velamen. This physical regulation of fungal entry resulted in a balanced mycorrhizal symbiosis in the orchid.
Article
Microbiology
Alzbeta Novotna, Sophie Mennicken, Caio C. Pires de Paula, Helene Vogt-Schilb, Milan Kotilinek, Tamara Tesitelova, Petr Smilauer, Jana Jersakova
Summary: The ability of orchid mycorrhizal fungi (OMF) to utilize various nutrient sources was studied in this research. Significant variability was observed in nutrient utilization among different OMF families, especially in nitrogen sources. Some isolates showed limited or no biomass production on solid medium with specific nutrient sources. Isolates from the Ceratobasidiaceae family produced the largest amount of biomass on most sources, while the biomass production of Tulasnellaceae isolates was affected by their phylogenetic relatedness. Consideration of the ability of isolates to utilize specific nutrients in different media is important for optimizing solid media for orchid seed germination and understanding OMF functional traits.
Article
Plant Sciences
Laureano Alvarado, Sebastian Saa, Italo F. Cuneo, Romina Pedreschi, Javiera Morales, Alejandra Larach, Wilson Barros, Jeannette Guajardo, Ximena Besoain
Article
Microbiology
Araceli Claro, Maria Isabel Mujica, Mauricio Cisternas, Juan J. Armesto, Fernanda Perez
Article
Agronomy
Ivan Montenegro, Bastian Said, Patricio Godoy, Ximena Besoain, Carol Parra, Katy Diaz, Alejandro Madrid
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
I. Jimenez Luna, F. Cadiz, R. Aravena, A. Larach, X. Besoain, E. Ezcurra, P. E. Rolshausen
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
L. Tapia, A. Larach, N. Riquelme, J. Guajardo, X. Besoain
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
I. N. Vasconez, X. Besoain, P. Vega-Celedon, M. Valenzuela, M. Seeger
Article
Microbiology
Oriana Flores, Julio Retamales, Mauricio Nunez, Marcela Leon, Paula Salinas, Ximena Besoain, Carolina Yanez, Roberto Bastias
Article
Infectious Diseases
Enrique Werner, Ivan Montenegro, Bastian Said, Patricio Godoy, Ximena Besoain, Nelson Caro, Alejandro Madrid
Article
Microbiology
Maria Isabel Mujica, Mauricio Cisternas, Araceli Claro, Mikhaela Simunovic, Fernanda Perez
Summary: This study examined the impact of fungal identity and nutrient addition on the germination of Bipinnula fimbriata orchids, revealing that the effect of nutrients on symbiotic germination varied depending on fungal identity. Further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms and the variability of nutrient addition on symbiotic germination in orchids and OMF species.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Genesis Lopez, Marco Mellado, Enrique Werner, Bastian Said, Patricio Godoy, Nelson Caro, Ximena Besoain, Ivan Montenegro, Alejandro Madrid
Article
Microbiology
Miryam Valenzuela, Marianela Gonzalez, Alexis Velasquez, Fernando Dorta, Ivan Montenegro, Ximena Besoain, Francisco Salva-Serra, Daniel Jaen-Luchoro, Edward R. B. Moore, Michael Seeger
Summary: This study characterized nine strains of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis isolated in Chile, revealing differences in virulence. Two highly virulent strains showed increased cellulase activity, while a strain causing mild symptoms had no cellulase activity. PCR and gene sequence analysis indicated correlations between disease severity differences and the presence/absence of specific genes. Deletions in virulence genes were also observed in the Chilean strains.
Article
Agronomy
Rocio Camps, Nicola Fiore, Natalia Riquelme, Wilson Barros-Parada, Ximena Besoain
Summary: This study investigates the changes in populations of Chilean citrus tristeza virus (CTV) isolates after inoculation into Mexican lime trees and the influence of CTV genotypes on transmission efficiency via Aphis gossypii. The findings provide insights into the genetic properties and transmission mechanisms of CTV.
PHYTOPATHOLOGIA MEDITERRANEA
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Mauricio A. Cisternas, Aron Cadiz-Veliz, Patricio Novoa, Jorge Macaya-Berti
Summary: This paper reports the presence of Veronica cymbalaria as a new exotic feral species for the flora of Chile. The study includes a description of the species, images, a map of the occurrence site, and a key to distinguish Veronica species in Chile.
BOLETIN DE LA SOCIEDAD ARGENTINA DE BOTANICA
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Alejandra Larach, Carolina Torres, Natalia Riquelme, Miryam Valenzuela, Eduardo Salgado, Michael Seeger, Ximena Besoain
PHYTOPATHOLOGIA MEDITERRANEA
(2020)
Article
Microbiology
Valentina Mendez, Miryam Valenzuela, Francisco Salva-Serra, Daniel Jaen-Luchoro, Ximena Besoain, Edward R. B. Moore, Michael Seeger
