Journal
FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
Volume 39, Issue 6, Pages 1441-1456Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10695-013-9798-2
Keywords
Camelina sativa; Lipid class; Fatty acid; Atlantic cod
Categories
Funding
- Genome Atlantic
- Atlantic Canada Opportunities Agency (ACOA)-Atlantic Innovation Fund (AIF)
- Research and Development Corporation of Newfoundland (RDC)
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Camelina (Camelina sativa) oil was tested as a replacement for fish oil in diets for farmed Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Camelina differs from other plant oilseeds previously used in aquaculture with high lipid (40 %), alpha-linolenic acid (40 %), antioxidants and low proportions of saturated fats. Dietary treatments were fed to cod (19 g fish(-1) initial weight) for 9 weeks and included a fish oil control (FO), 40 % (CO40) and 80 % (CO80) replacement of fish oil with camelina oil. There was no effect of replacing fish oil with camelina oil included at levels up to 80 % on the growth performance. Cod fed CO80 stored more lipid in the liver (p < 0.01), including more neutral lipid (p < 0.05) and triacylglycerol (p < 0.05). Cod fed CO80 decreased in total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in muscle compared to CO40 and FO (p < 0.05), increased in monounsaturated fatty acids (p < 0.01), decreased in total omega 3 fatty acids (FO > CO40 > CO80; p < 0.01) and increased in total omega 6 fatty acids (FO < CO40 < CO80; p < 0.01). In the liver, long-chain (LC) PUFA such as 20:4 omega 6, 20:5 omega 3, 22:5 omega 3 and 22:6 omega 3 decreased when fish oil was removed from the diet (p < 0.05), and increased in 18-carbon fatty acids (p < 0.01). Camelina oil can reduce the amount of fish oil needed to meet lipid requirements, although replacing 80 % of fish oil reduced LC PUFAs in both tissues. A comparison of BF3 and H2SO4 as catalysts to transmethylate cod liver and muscle lipids revealed small but significant differences in some fatty acid proportions.
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