Article
Immunology
Carlos Munoz, Josue Gonzalez-Lorca, Mick Parra, Sarita Soto, Natalia Valdes, Ana Maria Sandino, Rodrigo Vargas, Alex Gonzalez, Mario Tello
Summary: The study explored the use of Lactococcus lactis as a type I interferon expression system in Atlantic salmon to stimulate the antiviral immune response, showing that oral administration of L. lactis producing interferon I induces systemic effects, reduces IPNV viral load, and increases Mx and PKR expression.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Malene Fosse Nordvi, Signe Dille Lovmo, Ingeborg Hollekim Bringslid, Paul Whatmore, Henrik Sundh, Kjell Inge Reitan, Finn Lillelund Aachmann, Rolf Erik Olsen
Summary: Using functional feed ingredients, such as fucoidans from marine macroalgae, can enhance the intestinal health and immune regulation of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). In this trial, Atlantic salmon post-smolts were fed diets with different levels of fucoidan to alleviate low-level intestinal inflammation caused by a soya diet. The addition of fucoidan improved intestinal integrity and reduced inflammation in the hind intestine of the fish.
Article
Fisheries
Morten Omholt Alver, Martin Fore, Jo Arve Alfredsen
Summary: The research team developed a mathematical model based on the advection-diffusion equation to predict dissolved oxygen levels in fish sea cages. The model was tested in a large production unit and performed well, but may require more detailed information on fish behavior and current conditions within the cages to improve accuracy.
Article
Immunology
Haitham Tartor, Marius Karlsen, Rasmus Skern-Mauritzen, Aderito Luis Monjane, Charles McLean Press, Christer Wiik-Nielsen, Rolf Hetlelid Olsen, Lisa Marie Leknes, Karine Yttredal, Bjorn Erik Brudeseth, Soren Grove
Summary: This study examined the immunogenicity and protective effect of a vaccine against Lepeophtheirus salmonis infestation in Atlantic salmon. The results showed that the vaccine can provide protection against salmon lice infestation, and the level of protection is dose-dependent. The study also found that the vaccine can trigger a specific immune response in vaccinated fish and result in the production of specific antibodies. These findings suggest the potential of using the parasite's feeding behavior to deliver salmon-specific antibodies against lice-gut proteins.
Article
Fisheries
C. Klykken, E. Khan, C. Karlsen, A. K. Reed, K. J. K. Attramadal, R. E. Olsen, L. Boissonnot
Summary: Nephrocalcinosis is a common issue in intensive production of salmon smolt. A survey and monitoring in Norwegian hatcheries revealed that supplementation of sea water during smolt production was the most influential factor for nephrocalcinosis prevalence. Fluctuations in salinity prior to smoltification may contribute to osmotic stress and the development of nephrocalcinosis.
JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Almendra Benavides, Daniela Gutierrez, Nadia Epuyao, Brenda Modak, Monica Imarai, Beatriz Valenzuela
Summary: Alpinone, a flavonoid derived from the resinous exudate of Heliotropium huascoense, exhibits antiviral activity against ISAV in farmed Atlantic salmon. The study reveals that Alpinone can induce the expression of specific genes and signaling pathways to exert its antiviral effects.
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mariann Eilertsen, Benjamin G. J. Clokie, Lars O. E. Ebbesson, Cristina Tanase, Herve Migaud, Jon Vidar Helvik
Summary: Photoreceptive inputs to the teleost brain are perceived as images of the visual world and modulation of neuroendocrine and neuronal signals. This study tested the effects of narrow bandwidth light on brain neural activity in Atlantic salmon, revealing an increase in c-fos expression and activation of specific brain regions following light stimulation. The overlapping expression patterns of c-fos and nonvisual opsins suggest a direct light stimulation of deep brain photoreceptors.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Bibbi Maria Kallay Hjelle, Albert Kjartan Dagbjartarson Imsland, Pablo Vigo Balseiro, Sigurd Olav Handeland
Summary: The AcuLice system, which uses a composite acoustic sound image, has been shown to effectively reduce the number of salmon lice on Atlantic salmon without causing additional stress to the fish.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Juan Pablo Pontigo, Carla Espinoza, Mauricio Hernandez, Guillermo Nourdin, Cristian Oliver, Ruben Avendano-Herrera, Jaime Figueroa, Cecilia Rauch, Jose M. Troncoso, Luis Vargas-Chacoff, Alejandro J. Yanez
Summary: Developing an effective and economical vaccine against Piscirickettsia salmonis is crucial for sustainable salmon farming. One vaccine prototype effectively protected Atlantic salmon by inducing specific antibodies and pro-inflammatory cytokines, while the other two activated innate immune responses but did not provide protection. Understanding the protein formulation of vaccines based on P. salmonis is essential for improving immune responses and disease resistance in Atlantic salmon.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Francesca Vacca, Ana S. Gomes, Koji Murashita, Raffella Cinquetti, Cristina Roseti, Amilcare Barca, Ivar Ronnestad, Tiziano Verri, Elena Bossi
Summary: Two slc15a2-type genes were identified in the Atlantic salmon genome, encoding PepT2-type peptide transporters. While slc15a2a transcripts are widely distributed in fish tissues, abundant in the brain and gills, slc15a2b transcripts are mainly expressed in the kidney and distal gastrointestinal tract. Both PepT2a and PepT2b function as high-affinity transporters.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tormod Haraldstad, Thrond O. Haugen, Esben M. Olsen, Torbjorn Forseth, Erik Hoglund
Summary: Renewable energy projects like hydropower plants contribute to meeting energy demands and mitigating climate change, but they can alter environments and impact fish migration conditions, affecting population adaptations. Monitoring Atlantic salmon smolts at a hydropower plant showed that behavioral traits influenced their choice between fish passage and turbine intake during migration, with potential implications for genetic diversity and future challenges.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Danixa Martinez, Ricardo Oyarzun-Salazar, Ana Maria Quilapi, Jose Coronado, Ricardo Enriquez, Carolina Vargas-Lagos, Cristian Oliver, Natacha Santibanez, Marcos Godoy, Jose Luis Munoz, Luis Vargas-Chacoff, Alex Romero
Summary: This study evaluated the activation of nutritional immunity in Atlantic salmon stimulated with live and inactivated Piscirickettsia salmonis. The results showed that both live and inactivated P. salmonis could activate nutritional immunity, and there was no distinction between the two. Genetic material of P. salmonis was detected in the liver tissue of the fish. The hematocrit percentage decreased in fish stimulated with live P. salmonis, while it remained unchanged in fish stimulated with inactivated P. salmonis. Plasma iron content decreased in both experimental groups, but the decrease was statistically significant only at 3 dpi. Immune-nutritional markers were modulated in both experimental conditions, while other markers were down-regulated. Intracellular iron content increased in the liver at 7 and 14 dpi, while zinc content decreased at 14 dpi in both experimental groups. However, manganese content was not altered by the stimulation. These findings suggest that nutritional immunity responds similarly to live and inactivated P. salmonis, and may be self-activated by the detection of PAMPs rather than a sequestration and/or competition of micronutrients by the living microorganism.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Brett Glencross, Pedro Munoz-Lopez, Chessor Matthew, Simon MacKenzie, Adam Powell, Matt Longshaw, Allan LeBlanc
Summary: This study examined the impact of acclimation time and inclusion level of a bacterial protein (BP) meal on the digestibility of protein and amino acids to post-smolt Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). The results showed that longer acclimation time and higher inclusion level resulted in higher digestibility. Minimum 14-day acclimation time and 200 g/kg or greater inclusion level are recommended for reliable data.
Article
Fisheries
Cecilie Sviland Walde, Marit Stormoen, Jostein Mulder Pettersen, David Persson, Magnus Vikan Rosaeg, Britt Bang Jensen
Summary: Infestations with salmon lice and the management of these lice pose significant challenges and costs in marine salmonid aquaculture. Treatment against salmon lice, particularly non-medicinal methods, can lead to stress and physical injuries in Atlantic salmon, resulting in reduced appetite and increased mortality. This study analyzed production data from Norwegian aquaculture companies to estimate the short-term growth loss of Atlantic salmon following different treatments for salmon lice removal. The results showed that non-medicinal treatments had a greater negative impact on growth compared to medicinal treatments, and the timing of treatment played a role in the treatment outcome.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
E. Svendsen, M. Fore, L. L. Randeberg, R. E. Olsen, B. Finstad, M. Remen, N. Bloecher, J. A. Alfredsen
Summary: Understanding the tolerance limits of fish is important for aquaculture operations. Recent advances in technology have enabled the measurement of physiological responses in farmed Atlantic salmon. Two experiments were conducted to enable pulse oximetry for fish and to quantify changes in SpO2 under different conditions. The results extend the scope of physiological measurements feasible in fish farming, allowing for a better understanding of fish welfare.
COMPUTERS AND ELECTRONICS IN AGRICULTURE
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Phattarunda Jaree, Pakpoom Boonchuen, Jumroensri Thawonsuwan, Hidehiro Kondo, Ikuo Hirono, Kunlaya Somboonwiwat
Summary: The study investigated the relationship between metabolic gene expression and antiviral responses in shrimp, identifying over 130 DEGs related to WSSV infection that were associated with innate immunity and metabolic pathways. The results suggested a link between the up-regulation of the rate-limiting enzyme FmGFAT in the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway and WSSV responses, impacting viral replication in shrimp.
FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Satoshi Kawato, Shoya Fujishima, Reiko Nozaki, Hidehiro Kondo, Tadashi Isshiki, Ikuo Hirono
Summary: This study reports the causative agent of milky hemolymph disease in snow crab, known as Chionoecetes opilio bacilliform virus (CoBV), and reveals its complete genome sequence, confirming its classification as a member of the Nimaviridae family.
ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Liu Wang, Keisuke Yoshii, Naoya Murase, Hidetoshi Yamada, Yutaka Fukuda, Ikuo Hirono, Hidehiro Kondo
Summary: This study aimed to develop a better immunogenic and protective fish vaccine and compare the effectiveness of poly I:C and formalin-killed cells (FKCs) as adjuvants against pathogen infection. The results showed that co-inoculation with poly I:C and FKC significantly increased the expression levels of specific antibodies and provided better protection compared to FKC vaccine alone.
FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Mahmoud Mostafa Mahmoud, Mohamed Abdelsalam, Satoshi Kawato, Shogo Harakawa, Hidemasa Kawakami, Ikuo Hirono, Hidehiro Kondo
Summary: This study compared the whole genome sequences of three different serotypes of Lactococcus garvieae isolated from diseased cultured striped jack in Ehime prefecture, Japan. The serotypes showed different virulence in a challenge test. Two serotypes were identified as L. garvieae and one as L. formosensis. The genome sizes ranged from 1.9 to 2.0 Mb, GC content ranged from 38.2% to 38.9%, and the number of predicted protein-coding sequences ranged from 1922 to 1959. Only one serotype harbored two plasmids.
JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Jayasundara Mudiyanselage Sajani Nisansala Rathnapala, Wafaa Ragab, Satoshi Kawato, Miho Furukawa, Reiko Nozaki, Hidehiro Kondo, Ikuo Hirono
Summary: By sequencing the genomes of three strains of Vibrio nigripulchritudo, it was found that they possess various virulence factors and mobile genetic elements, as well as multidrug resistance. Comparative genomic analysis showed that all three strains belong to the same clade.
JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Keiichiro Koiwai, Hidehiro Kondo, Ikuo Hirono
Summary: In this study, Drop-seq technology was used to investigate the impact of virus infection on hemocyte populations in shrimp. The findings revealed that virus infection reduced specific cell populations in circulating hemolymph and inhibited the expression of antimicrobial peptides. Unknown genes with antimicrobial activity were also identified. Additionally, the study discussed the effects of methanol fixation on Drop-seq data.
MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Chalermkwan Eurlaphan, Reiko Nozaki, Motohiko Sano, Keiichiro Koiwai, Ikuo Hirono, Hidehiro Kondo
Summary: This study investigated the kinetics of red sea bream iridovirus and host gene expression during infection in rock bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus). The results showed that viral gene transcripts were detected at 3 and 5 days post-injection, and certain host genes were differentially expressed during the infection process. The downregulation of certain inflammation-related genes may contribute to the increased susceptibility of this fish to the virus.
JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Hidehiro Kondo, Haruka Kamei, Fuyuka Murotani, Reiko Nozaki, Ryosuke Yazawa, Reoto Tani, Keiichiro Koiwai, Ikuo Hirono
Summary: A novel immunoglobulin heavy chain-like gene (tsIgH) was identified in the liver of the banded houndshark Triakis scyllium through preliminary transcriptomic analysis. The tsIgH gene had low amino acid sequence similarities (< 30%) to shark Ig genes. It encoded one variable domain (VH) and three conserved domains (CH1-CH3) with a predicted signal peptide. The gene structure and expression pattern suggest that this gene may provide insights into the evolution of immunoglobulin genes in cartilaginous fishes.
FISH AND SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Hiroaki Saito, Shungo Minami, Manami Yuguchi, Aiko Shitara, Hidehiro Kondo, Goshi Kato, Motohiko Sano
Summary: The live attenuated vaccine strain P7-P8 demonstrates high protective efficacy against herpesviral haematopoietic necrosis caused by cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2) in goldfish at temperatures ranging from 15 to 30 degrees C. The vaccine virus load over 104 DNA copies/mg may elicit sufficient acquired immunity, and cell-mediated immunity may play a fundamental role in protection.
JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Satoshi Kawato, Reiko Nozaki, Hidehiro Kondo, Ikuo Hirono
Summary: In this study, the genomes of 27 endogenous nimaviruses were recovered from crustacean genome data. Phylogenetic analysis revealed different lineages and specific insertion preferences for each nimavirus species. These findings suggest that endogenous nimaviruses are giant transposable elements occupying different sequence niches.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
