Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Hui-Hui Shen, Tao Zhang, Hui-Li Yang, Zhen-Zhen Lai, Wen-Jie Zhou, Jie Mei, Jia-Wei Shi, Rui Zhu, Feng-Yuan Xu, Jin Li, Jiang-Feng Ye, Ming-Qing Li
Summary: Menstruation is a cyclic physiological phenomenon controlled by ovarian hormones, and a proper understanding of normal endometrial physiology is crucial for regulating menstrual disorders. Autophagy in the endometrium, regulated by ovarian hormones, plays a key role in immune cell infiltration, tissue repair, and infection prevention during menstruation. Abnormal autophagy levels and dysregulated immune system function are associated with the pathogenesis and progression of endometriosis, suggesting the potential value of autophagy as a target for the treatment of menstrual-related and endometrium-related disorders.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hong Im Kim, Tae Hoon Kim, Jung-Yoon Yoo, Steven L. Young, Bruce A. Lessey, Bon Jeong Ku, Jae-Wook Jeong
Summary: The study revealed that ARID1A levels were reduced in the endometrium of women with endometriosis, and there was a physical interaction between ARID1A and PGR, which may play a crucial role in the receptivity of the endometrium and progesterone resistance in endometriosis-related infertility.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Developmental Biology
S. Marla, S. Mortlock, S. Houshdaran, J. Fung, B. McKinnon, S. J. Holdsworth-Carson, J. E. Girling, P. A. W. Rogers, L. C. Giudice, G. W. Montgomery
Summary: The study found that genetic regulation of genes in the ESR1 region is associated with endometriosis risk, with gene expression influenced more significantly by hormone concentrations and receptor expression. Due to limited sample size and cellular heterogeneity, the study also noted that detecting genetic effects on gene expression may be challenging.
MOLECULAR HUMAN REPRODUCTION
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ping Zhang, Guoyun Wang
Summary: Endometriosis is a disease where endometrial-like tissue grows outside the uterus. Progestins are the most commonly used treatment, but some patients show resistance to these drugs. The mechanisms of this progesterone resistance include abnormal PGR signaling, chronic inflammation, aberrant gene expression, epigenetic alterations, and environmental toxins. Understanding these mechanisms may help develop new therapeutic regimens to reverse progesterone resistance in endometriosis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Sylvia C. Hewitt, San-Pin Wu, Tianyuan Wang, Steven L. Young, Thomas E. Spencer, Francesco J. DeMayo
Summary: The study demonstrates that uterine cells respond to estrogen and progesterone through their nuclear receptors ESR1 and PGR, with the involvement of chromatin structures. The organoids model provides insights into the regulatory mechanisms of hormone responsiveness.
Review
Cell Biology
Ezekiel Mecha, Roselydiah Makunja, Jane B. Maoga, Agnes N. Mwaura, Muhammad A. Riaz, Charles O. A. Omwandho, Ivo Meinhold-Heerlein, Lutz Konrad
Summary: Thoracic endometriosis (TE) is a rare form of endometriosis where endometrial tissue is found in or around the lungs, often presenting as catamenial pneumothorax (CP). Immunohistochemical evaluation is considered crucial for diagnosing and classifying the disease effectively.
Article
Cell Biology
Warren B. Nothnick
Summary: Endometriosis is a significant disease characterized by infertility and pelvic pain. Altered responsiveness to progesterone, potentially regulated by miRNAs, may contribute to the pathophysiology of the disease.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Stefania Salsano, Roberto Gonzalez-Martin, Alicia Quinonero, Silvia Perez-Deben, Francisco Dominguez
Summary: This study found that PGRMC1 inhibition during decidualization in endometrial stromal cells does not interfere with cytoskeletal rearrangements and prolactin secretion, but does affect the expression of genes related to metabolism, transport, and hormonal biosynthesis. Additionally, activation of membrane progesterone receptor signaling alone is insufficient to induce proper decidualization.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
James A. MacLean II, Kanako Hayashi
Summary: This article discusses the importance of estrogen and progesterone in maintaining a normal menstrual cycle and supporting successful pregnancy, as well as the consequences of their imbalance in gynecological diseases. The review highlights the association between dysregulated steroid hormones and chronic conditions that significantly impact women's lives.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Kashmira Bane, Junita Desouza, Diksha Shetty, Prakash Choudhary, Shalaka Kadam, R. R. Katkam, Gwendolyn Fernandes, Raj Sawant, Uddhavraj Dudhedia, Neeta Warty, Anahita Chauhan, Uddhav Chaudhari, Rahul Gajbhiye, Geetanjali Sachdeva
Summary: The study indicates that the DNA damage response is dysregulated in the eutopic endometrium of women with endometriosis, with higher expression of DDR genes compared to those without the disease. Additionally, DNA repair genes are also up-regulated in the eutopic endometrium of women with endometriosis.
HUMAN REPRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Anna C. Loeffelmann, Alena Hoerscher, Muhammad A. Riaz, Felix Zeppernick, Ivo Meinhold-Heerlein, Lutz Konrad
Summary: In endometriosis, the localization of claudin-10 is impaired, but the epithelial phenotype remains preserved. Claudin-10 is highly expressed in endometriosis and adenomyosis, but there are differences in its localization between the two conditions.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuri Park, Sang Jun Han
Summary: Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent inflammatory disease that causes pelvic pain and infertility in women. Immune system defects may contribute to the progression of endometriosis. Elevated levels of interferon, a cytokine, play a crucial role in endometriosis progression, but also have a critical role in normal endometrial function, particularly in pregnancy initiation and maintenance.
Review
Oncology
Nozomi Yachida, Kosuke Yoshihara, Manako Yamaguchi, Kazuaki Suda, Ryo Tamura, Takayuki Enomoto
Summary: Driver gene mutations have been identified in both endometriosis and normal endometrium, potentially leading to endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer. Despite the continuum of genomic alterations, the molecular mechanism of ovarian carcinogenesis from the normal endometrium through endometriosis remains unclear.
Article
Cell Biology
Xinyu Cai, Manlin Xu, Hui Zhang, Mei Zhang, Junxia Wang, Jie Mei, Yang Zhang, Jidong Zhou, Xin Zhen, Nannan Kang, Qiuling Yue, Haixiang Sun, Ruiwei Jiang, Guijun Yan
Summary: PRMT5 plays an important role in physiological decidualization and pathological decidualization defects, with decreased expression in endometriosis patients. Promoting PRMT5 may provide a novel strategy for treating decidualization defects in infertile women.
CELL DEATH DISCOVERY
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Lukanxuan Wu, Xin Huang, Ruiying Wang, Yujing Li, Huili Zhu, Yunwei Ouyang, Wei Huang
Summary: In this study, the regulatory role of TGF-beta 1 on immune cells in eutopic endometrial stromal cells and its effect on progesterone resistance and endometrial receptivity were investigated. It was found that TGF-beta 1 can decrease PR expression and reduce endometrial receptivity, while combined treatment of TGF-beta 1 and SB431542 can promote decidualization of eutopic endometrial stromal cells.
REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Skand Shekhar, Raven McGlotten, Sunyoung Auh, Kristina Rother, Lynnette K. Nieman
Summary: The study revealed that abnormal thyroid function, likely mediated by subnormal nocturnal TSH levels, is prevalent in patients with Cushing syndrome. This abnormality can be reversed after cure.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Letter
Oncology
Sriram Gubbi, Lisa M. Cordes, Joanna Klubo-Gwiezdzinska, Ravi A. Madan, Lynnette K. Nieman, James L. Gulley, Jaydira Del Rivero
Summary: This letter to the editor responds to comments by Salinas and colleagues on experiences with identification of adrenal insufficiency among patients on immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sriram Gubbi, Ranganath Muniyappa, Susmeeta T. Sharma, Shivraj Grewal, Raven McGlotten, Lynnette K. Nieman
Summary: Short-term administration of mifepristone improved adipose and hepatic insulin sensitivity in obese individuals with hyperglycemia but without hypercortisolism.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Frederic Castinetti, Lynnette K. Nieman, Martin Reincke, John Newell-Price
Summary: Steroidogenesis inhibitors are used to control hypercortisolism in Cushing's syndrome in various situations, but daily management can be challenging due to potential side effects and difficulties in defining eucortisolism. Monitoring of biological markers and proper combination of drugs are important aspects of treatment.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Regin Jay Mallari, Jai Deep Thakur, Garni Barkhoudarian, Amy Eisenberg, Amanda Rodriguez, Sarah Rettinger, Pejman Cohan, Lynnette Nieman, Daniel F. Kelly
Summary: This study describes the predictive performance of preoperative biochemical and imaging data on postoperative remission and clinical characteristics in patients with presumed Cushing's disease. The use of strict biochemical thresholds can improve surgical remission rates and avoid recommending surgery to patients with equivocal biochemical data.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Katherine M. Cole, Shau-Ming Wei, Pedro E. Martinez, Tuong-Vi Nguyen, Michael D. Gregory, J. Shane Kippenhan, Philip D. Kohn, Steven J. Soldin, Lynnette K. Nieman, Jack A. Yanovski, Peter J. Schmidt, Karen F. Berman
Summary: This study aims to investigate the impact of increased sex steroid production during puberty on neurodevelopment, and explores the relationships with various endocrine events through longitudinal research, as well as assessing the effects of gonadal development on brain structure and function.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lynnette K. Nieman
Summary: Endogenous Cushing's syndrome is associated with various complications and shortened lifespan. The clinical presentation is diverse and often results in delayed diagnosis and treatment. Further research is needed to develop better tests, faster diagnosis, and optimized treatments. This review focuses on CS caused by excessive ACTH production and discusses the regulation of ACTH synthesis and secretion, as well as the clinical applications of CS screening tests and their relationship to cortisol dynamics and pathophysiology. Gaps in current understanding are also highlighted to encourage further research.
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lynnette K. Nieman
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Richard A. Feelders, Lynnette K. Nieman
Summary: Cushing's syndrome is associated with a higher risk of venous thromboembolism due to a hypercoagulable state. Postoperative VTE risk remains elevated even several months after surgery. The hypercoagulable state in CS may be caused by an imbalance in pro- and anticoagulant activity.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lynnette K. Nieman
Summary: This article reviews the history, current availability, therapeutic promise, and safety concerns of selective progesterone receptor modulators (SPRMs) and progesterone antagonists. Despite the interest in synthesizing these compounds, only a few have undergone clinical trials and been commercialized. Mifepristone is well tolerated and effective for first trimester pregnancy termination, while ulipristal acetate is effective for emergency contraception. However, long-term use of these drugs may cause abnormal liver enzymes, highlighting the need for further research and alternative formulations.
CURRENT OPINION IN ENDOCRINOLOGY DIABETES AND OBESITY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
David T. Asuzu, Reinier Alvarez, Patrick A. Fletcher, Debjani Mandal, Kory Johnson, Weiwei Wu, Abdel Elkahloun, Paul Clavijo, Clint Allen, Dragan Maric, Abhik Ray-Chaudhury, Sharika Rajan, Zied Abdullaev, Diana Nwokoye, Kenneth Aldape, Lynnette K. Nieman, Constantine Stratakis, Stanko S. Stojilkovic, Prashant Chittiboina
Summary: This study identifies the transcriptomic signatures of Cushing's disease adenomas compared to adjacent normal cells and reveals the key proteins and their regulatory mechanisms in Cushing's disease adenomas. Further experimental results indicate that selective proteasomal inhibition with bortezomib stabilizes proteins and induces apoptosis in Cushing's disease adenoma cells, showing potential as an anti-tumor agent.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Henrik Elenius, Raven McGlotten, Lynnette K. Nieman
Summary: Determining the etiology of ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome can be difficult. The corticotropin-releasing hormone stimulation test and the high-dose dexamethasone suppression test have good performance in distinguishing Cushing's disease from ectopic ACTH syndrome. The combination of these tests can accurately diagnose approximately 64% of patients with Cushing's disease, obviating the need for the expensive and less widely available inferior petrosal sinus sampling (IPSS).
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ken K. Y. Ho, Ursula B. B. Kaiser, Phillippe Chanson, Monica Gadelha, John Wass, Lynnette Nieman, Andrew Little, Manish K. K. Aghi, Lori Raetzman, Kalmon Post, Gerald Raverot, Alexander D. D. Borowsky, Dana Erickson, Justo P. P. Castano, Edward R. R. Laws, Maria Chiara Zatelli, Jill Sisco, Laura Esserman, Kevin C. J. Yuen, Martin Reincke, Shlomo Melmed
Summary: In the 2022 WHO Classification, pituitary adenomas are reclassified as neuroendocrine tumours (NETs), which are mostly benign. A comprehensive clinical classification system is needed to guide prognosis, therapy, and outcomes for pituitary adenoma patients.
NATURE REVIEWS ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rachel Acree, Caitlin M. Miller, Brent S. Abel, Nicola M. Neary, Karen Campbell, Lynnette K. Nieman
Summary: Patients and physicians have different perspectives on the time needed for recovery and useful coping mechanisms during the recovery process in Cushing syndrome. Some patients lack sufficient information and preparation for the postsurgical experience, leading to dissatisfaction. Poor communication between physicians and patients may contribute to decreased HRQOL during recovery.
JOURNAL OF THE ENDOCRINE SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Peter J. Schmidt, Shau-Ming Wei, Pedro E. Martinez, Rivka R. Ben Dor, Gioia M. Guerrieri, Paula P. Palladino, Veronica L. Harsh, Howard J. Li, Paul Wakim, Lynnette K. Nieman, David R. Rubinow
Summary: In women with perimenopause-related depression (PMD), the study found that transdermal 17-beta estradiol (TE) had beneficial effects on depression ratings compared to raloxifene and Rimostil, with no significant differences from placebo. Cognitive testing showed no active treatment group performed better than placebo.
MENOPAUSE-THE JOURNAL OF THE NORTH AMERICAN MENOPAUSE SOCIETY
(2021)
