Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jin Ook Chung, Seon-Young Park, Dong Hyeok Cho, Dong Jin Chung, Min Young Chung
Summary: The study explores the relationship between plasma LRG1 level and urinary albumin excretion in patients with type 2 diabetes. The results show that there is a positive correlation between plasma LRG1 level and urinary albumin excretion, indicating that LRG1 may be associated with increased excretion of urinary albumin in the early stages of diabetic nephropathy.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Aziz Sener, Selin Yildiz, Gulce Kiren, Canan Topcuoglu
Summary: New inflammatory markers are useful in assessing albuminuria in T2DM patients, but not in assessing glycemic control.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL REGULATORS AND HOMEOSTATIC AGENTS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Zeru Xu, Ping Zhang, Yifei Chen, Jiahong Jiang, Zijun Zhou, Hong Zhu
Summary: This study compared the diagnostic values of the SARC-F and SARC-CalF scales with five reference diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia. The results showed that SARC-CalF significantly enhanced the sensitivity and overall diagnosis of SARC-F, making it an optimal screening tool for sarcopenia in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ravi Retnakaran, Jiajie Pu, Alexandra Emery, Stewart B. Harris, Sonja M. Reichert, Hertzel C. Gerstein, Natalia McInnes, Caroline K. Kramer, Bernard Zinman
Summary: Induction with short-term insulin therapy followed by maintenance with metformin can stabilize beta-cell function in early type 2 diabetes. The study found that initial reversibility of beta-cell dysfunction and preserved hepatic insulin sensitivity are associated with sustained stabilization of beta-cell function.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Maria Mercedes Chang Villacreses, Rudruidee Karnchanasorn, Horng-Yih Ou, Raynald Samoa, Lee-Ming Chuang, Ken C. Chiu
Summary: A1C ≥ 48 mmol/mol (6.5%) has low sensitivity in diagnosing diabetes, especially in males, non-Hispanic White individuals, those in the third decade, and those with lower BMI. The risk of diabetic retinopathy increases significantly with A1C ≥ 48 mmol/mol (6.5%).
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hertzel C. Gerstein, Naveed Sattar, Julio Rosenstock, Chinthanie Ramasundarahettige, Richard Pratley, Renato D. Lopes, Carolyn S. P. Lam, Nardev S. Khurmi, Laura Heenan, Stefano Del Prato, Leanne Dyal, Kelley Branch
Summary: The trial compared the cardiovascular and renal outcomes of weekly injections of efpeglenatide versus a placebo in participants with type 2 diabetes and a history of cardiovascular disease or current kidney disease. The study found that the risk of cardiovascular events was lower with efpeglenatide treatment, and a composite renal outcome event was also reduced.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Peter Chun-Yip Tong, Susanna Chi-Pun Chan, Wing-Bun Chan, Kelvin Kai-Leung Ho, Godwin Tat-Chi Leung, Stanley Hok-King Lo, Gary Yiu-Kwong Mak, Tak-Sun Tse
Summary: Hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus are significant health issues with increased risks of cardiovascular and renal complications. An expert panel reviewed recent evidence to provide recommendations for physicians in Hong Kong regarding optimal blood pressure targets, the role of angiotensin II receptor blockers, implications of albuminuria, and screening for microalbuminuria in hypertensive patients with T2DM. Through virtual meetings and a modified Delphi method, consensus statements were derived based on expert insights and current evidence.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Javier Donate-Correa, Ernesto Martin-Nunez, Carmen Mora-Fernandez, Ainhoa Gonzalez-Luis, Alberto Martin-Olivera, Juan F. Navarro-Gonzalez
Summary: In this study, the association between inflammation, hemoglobin, and coronary artery disease (CAD) in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and preserved kidney function was evaluated. The findings suggest that inflammation markers may not be related to the severity of stenosis in subjects with diabetes, while reductions in hemoglobin levels may be a more important risk factor for CAD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Margarita Ortiz-Martinez, Raquel Flores-DelaToba, Mirna Gonzalez-Gonzalez, Marco Rito-Palomares
Summary: Point-of-care (POC) tests are in vitro diagnostic tools that provide rapid results, making them crucial for monitoring diabetes type 2. Early detection and accurate diagnosis of diabetes are essential due to its significant impact on global health systems.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kyung-Soo Kim, Sangmo Hong, Hong-Yup Ahn, Cheol-Young Park
Summary: Lobeglitazone showed a tendency to improve albuminuria in patients with T2DM and had comparable effects on albuminuria as pioglitazone, demonstrating similar efficacy in treating albuminuria.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yujiao Li, Xiaobing Ji, Wenji Ni, Yong Luo, Bo Ding, Jianhua Ma, Jian Zhu
Summary: The study found that in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients, low serum albumin and microalbuminuria levels are closely associated with kidney failure progression, indicating a relatively fast progression of chronic kidney disease. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed a strong correlation between these two indicators and kidney failure progression.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Elisa Lazzaroni, Maria Elena Lunati, Laura Montefusco, Ida Pastore, Enrica Chebat, Vincenzo Cimino, Paola Silvia Morpurgo, Milena Muratori, Laura Plebani, Andrea Bolla, Antonio Rossi, Luciana Vallone, Alessandra Gandolfi, Camilla Tinari, Francesca D'Addio, Moufida Ben Nasr, Cristian Loretelli, Cristiana Scaranna, Rosalia Bellante, Roberto Manfrini, Fabrizio Muratori, Ivano Franzetti, Emanuela Orsi, Carmine Gazzaruso, Renata Ghelardi, Paolo Desenzani, Stefano Genovese, Angela Girelli, Franco Folli, Cesare Berra, Paolo Fiorina
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the acute effect of Dapagliflozin on kidney function in patients with type 2 diabetes. The results showed that after 6 months of treatment with Dapagliflozin, there were improvements in glycemic control, lipid profiles, blood pressure, and acute kidney function.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xueyu Li, Kaushik Chattopadhyay, Xingjun Qian, Jingjia Yu, Miao Xu, Li Li, Jing Sun, Jialin Li
Summary: This study investigated the association between sleep duration and albuminuria in T2DM patients in Ningbo, China. The findings suggest that longer daytime sleep is associated with albuminuria in these patients, while no association was found with nocturnal sleep duration.
DIABETES METABOLIC SYNDROME AND OBESITY-TARGETS AND THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Eugene Han, Mi Kyung Kim, Byoung Kuk Jang, Hye Soon Kim
Summary: This study in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease found that hepatic steatosis burden is associated with albuminuria, with a higher prevalence of albuminuria in patients with significant steatosis.
DIABETES & METABOLISM JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Gabrielle S. Davie, Kingshuk Pal, Elizabeth Orton, Edward G. Tyrrell, Irene Petersen
Summary: This study found that there was no increased risk of fracture in males with type 2 diabetes following diagnosis, and a slight reduced risk in females. Individuals aged 85 years and older with type 2 diabetes had a significantly lower risk of incident fracture. In the most deprived areas, both males and females with type 2 diabetes had reduced risk of fracture.
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
T. James, B. D. Nicholson, R. Marr, M. Paddon, J. E. East, S. Justice, J. L. Oke, B. Shine
Summary: The study evaluated the analytical capabilities of a commonly used faecal immunochemical test (FIT) to detect faecal hemoglobin in symptomatic people attending primary care. The FIT immunoassay was found to have high detection capabilities and suitability for application in this context, with the main challenge being reproducible sampling. Further research should focus on reducing sampling variability and addressing considerable variation observed in sequential clinical specimens from individual patients.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Samuel Dockree, Jennifer Brook, Tim James, Brian Shine, Manu Vatish
Summary: The study aimed to define the pregnancy-specific reference interval for procalcitonin and found that the upper limit was 0.05 ng/mL, which did not significantly vary across different groups of pregnant women based on factors like gestational age, body mass index, maternal age, mean arterial blood pressure, or fetal sex. This suggests that levels of procalcitonin remain similar in pregnant and non-pregnant populations, supporting the use of procalcitonin in pregnant women for sepsis diagnosis and antibiotic therapy.
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2021)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Samuel Dockree, Jennifer Brook, Brian Shine, Tim James, Lauren Green, Manu Vatish
Summary: The risk of myocardial infarction increases during pregnancy, especially in women with pre-eclampsia. Cardiac-specific troponin (cTn) levels may be elevated in women with pre-eclampsia without MI, leading to diagnostic uncertainty. Studies suggest that TnI is elevated in pre-eclampsia, while being similar in healthy pregnant and non-pregnant women, but there is a lack of literature on pregnancy-specific reference intervals using high-sensitivity tests.
Article
Primary Health Care
Susannah Fleming, Rafael Perera-Salazar, Kathryn S. Taylor, Louise Jones, F. D. Richard Hobbs, Tim James, Chris A. O'Callaghan, Brian Shine, Jan Y. Verbakel, Richard Stevens, Clare Bankhead
Summary: This study compared the effectiveness of estimating eGFR using serum creatinine and serum cystatin C for predicting renal function decline in patients with eGFR of 30-89 ml/min/1.73 m(2). The results showed that in patients with eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m(2), serum cystatin C-derived eGFR was more predictive than serum creatinine-derived eGFR for future decline in kidney function.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF GENERAL PRACTICE
(2021)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Samuel Dockree, Brian Shine, Lawrence Impey, Lucy Mackillop, Harpal Randeva, Manu Vatish
Summary: This study proposes the use of pregnancy-specific reference intervals (RIs) to interpret investigations during pregnancy, with the aim to improve diagnostic accuracy by using gestational age-specific RIs. By mapping the trajectory of platelets in pregnant women, it is found that platelets below the 3rd centile in early pregnancy can accurately predict thrombocytopaenia at term.
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
M. T. Tsakok, R. A. Watson, S. F. Lumley, F. Khan, Z. Qamhawi, A. Lodge, C. Xie, B. Shine, R. Matthews, K. Jeffery, D. W. Eyre, R. Benamore, F. Gleeson
Summary: This study aimed to compare the radiological, biochemical, and clinical severity between patients infected with Alpha-variant SARS-CoV-2 and those infected with pre-existing strains, as well as to determine whether the computed tomography (CT) severity score (CTSS) for COVID-19 pneumonitis is correlated with clinical severity and can predict outcomes.
CLINICAL RADIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Robin E. Ferner, Richard J. Stevens, Christopher Anton, Jeffrey K. Aronson
Summary: The data from the study shows that fatal adverse reactions to coronavirus vaccines are rare, but there are cases of CVST and thrombosis associated with the vaccines. Most cases were reported after the reaction had been publicized, and only a minority of cases had thrombocytopenia.
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Alexander J. Mentzer, Tim James, Mirak Yongya, Stuart Cox, Kevin Paddon, Brian Shine, Jordan Bowen, Alex Novak, Julian C. Knight, James N. Fullerton
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Laura Heath, Susan Jebb, Richard Stevens, Graham Wheeler, Amy Ahern, Emma Boyland, Jason Halford, Paul Aveyard
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Diana R. Withrow, Brian Shine, Jason Oke, Andres Tamm, Tim James, Eva Morris, Jim Davies, Steve Harris, James E. East, Brian D. Nicholson
Summary: FIT is a highly sensitive tool for screening colorectal cancer and can identify high-risk individuals with lower risk symptoms in primary care. Combining blood test results with FIT does not appear to improve the screening for colorectal cancer compared to using FIT alone.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Maria T. Tsakok, Robert A. Watson, ShyamalJ. Saujani, Mark Kong, Cheng Xie, Heiko Peschl, Louise Wing, Fiona K. MacLeod, Brian Shine, Nicholas P. Talbot, Rachel E. Benamore, David W. Eyre, Fergus Gleeson
Summary: This study compared the chest CT radiologic findings, biochemical parameters, clinical severity, and hospital outcomes between the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant and the Delta variant. The results showed that the Omicron variant demonstrated fewer and less severe changes on chest CT images compared to the Delta variant. Patients with Omicron infection had improved hospital outcomes and less severe disease compared to patients with Delta infection.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Dimitrios A. Koutoukidis, Emma Barron, Richard Stevens, Paul Aveyard, Jonathan Valabhji, Susan A. Jebb
Summary: This study found that people who start a weight management program in January tend to lose more weight compared to those who start at other times of the year, with a difference ranging from 12% to 30%.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
James P. K. Sheppard, Constantinos Koshiaris, Richard Stevens, Sarah A. Lay-Flurrie, Amitava Banerjee, Brandon K. A. Bellows, Andrew J. Clegg, F. D. Richard Hobbs, Rupert A. Payne, Subhashisa Swain, Juliet A. Usher-Smith, Richard J. McManus
Summary: This study found that blood pressure-lowering treatment is associated with an increased risk of serious adverse events, particularly in older and frail patients. The analysis suggests that prescribing new treatment in these populations may be just as likely to cause a serious fall as it would prevent a stroke or heart attack.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Christopher A. O'Callaghan, Clare Camidge, Rachel Thomas, Michael E. Reschen, Alison J. Maycock, Daniel S. Lasserson, Robin A. Fox, Nicholas P. B. Thomas, Brian Shine, Tim James
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate a simple low-cost intervention to help people with CKD reduce their dietary salt intake. The results showed that after one month of the OxSalt care bundle intervention, dietary salt intake, assessed by 24-hour urine sodium excretion, decreased by 1.9 (+/- 2.9) g/d in the intervention group compared to 0.4 (+/- 2.7) g/d in the control group. Additionally, the intervention group continued to have a reduced salt intake to a lesser extent over the following year.
Article
Primary Health Care
Jason Chami, Susannah Fleming, Clare J. Taylor, Clare R. Bankhead, Tim James, Brian Shine, Julie Mclellan, F. D. Richard Hobbs, Rafael Perera
Summary: This study aims to provide evidence for the routine use of point-of-care NT-proBNP monitoring in primary care. The results show that point-of-care NT-proBNP has a smaller within-person and between-person variability, supporting its usefulness in heart failure management.