Journal
EXPERT REVIEW OF VACCINES
Volume 10, Issue 6, Pages 853-873Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1586/ERV.11.74
Keywords
adjuvants; dendritic cells; immune checkpoint inhibition; immune monitoring; immunotherapy; kinase inhibitors; melanoma; tumor antigens; vaccine
Categories
Funding
- National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Australia
- Melanoma Research Alliance (MRA)
- Cancer Vaccine Collaborative (CVC), New York
- Victorian Cancer Agency (VCA)
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research
- Victorian Government
- GlaxoSmithKline
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Decades of preclinical evaluation and clinical trials into melanoma vaccines have yielded spectacular progress in our understanding of melanoma antigens and the immune mechanisms of tumor rejection. Key insights and the results of their clinical evaluation are reviewed in this article. Unfortunately, durable clinical benefit following vaccination remains uncommon. Two recent clinical advances that will impact on melanoma vaccine development are trials with inhibitors of CTLA-4 and oncogenic BRAF. Long-term therapeutic control of melanoma will require integration of specific active immunotherapy with these emerging successful therapies from the disparate fields of immune regulation and signal transduction.
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