Journal
EXPERT REVIEW OF NEUROTHERAPEUTICS
Volume 9, Issue 1, Pages 9-31Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1586/14737175.9.1.9
Keywords
adherence; antipsychotic; bipolar disorder; efficacy; long-acting risperidone; pharmacoeconomic; pharmacokinetic; remission; schizophrenia; tolerability
Categories
Funding
- AstraZeneca
- Bristol-Myers Squibb
- Cyberonics
- Eli Lilly
- Forest Therapeutics
- GlaxoSmithKline
- Janssen Pharmaceutica
- Lundbeck
- Merck Co., Inc.
- Novartis, Pharmaceuticals
- Pfizer Pharmaceuticals
- Pharmacia Corporation
- Solvay
- Wyeth-Ayerst Pharmaceuticals
- Johnson Johnson
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Schizophrenia is a chronic disorder, usually necessitating lifelong treatment. Although atypical antipsychotic agents have improved outcomes in schizophrenia, their clinical potential remains limited by patients' nonadherence to medication. Long-acting antipsychotics were developed in the 1960s to enhance treatment adherence and simplify the medication process. However, although conventional long-acting agents assure medication delivery, they are associated with similar side effects to their oral equivalents. The need for an agent combining the advantages of a long-acting formulation with those of an atypical antipsychotic was highlighted in 1997 by the American Psychiatric Association's Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Patients with Schizophrenia. The first long-acting injectable atypical antipsychotic, long-acting risperidone (Risperdal Consta, Johnson & Johnson), has since been developed. This article discusses the efficacy, tolerability and cost effectiveness of long-acting risperidone in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder patients, and suggests possibilities for how its role in clinical practice may change over the next 5 years.
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