Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rashidah Baharudin, Nurul Qistina Rus Bakarurraini, Imilia Ismail, Learn-Han Lee, Nurul Syakima Ab Mutalib
Summary: Colorectal cancer is a major cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, and microRNAs play a significant role in its occurrence and progression. However, the methylation profiles of microRNAs in colorectal cancer patients are still unknown. Methylation is an important factor in cancer detection, and this review aims to provide insight into the current understanding of microRNA methylation in colorectal cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Sonam Tulsyan, Mehreen Aftab, Sandeep Sisodiya, Asiya Khan, Atul Chikara, Pranay Tanwar, Showket Hussain
Summary: The global cancer cases and mortality rates are increasing, and efficient biomarkers are needed for accurate screening and diagnosis. Alterations in epigenetic marks may serve as potential biomarkers for early cancer detection. This review discusses the key epigenetic mechanisms and their deregulation in cancer etiology, exploring the future prospects of cancer precision medicine.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Irina V. Bure, Marina V. Nemtsova
Summary: Despite recent progress, gastric cancer remains a common and deadly cancer with aberrant DNA methylation and deregulation of noncoding RNA expression playing a significant role in tumorigenesis. Interactions among these epigenetic regulators form a complex network that has potential implications for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of gastric cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Futaba Inoue, Kenbun Sone, Yusuke Toyohara, Yu Takahashi, Asako Kukita, Aki Hara, Ayumi Taguchi, Michihiro Tanikawa, Tetsushi Tsuruga, Yutaka Osuga
Summary: Epigenetic changes play a crucial role in endometrial cancer, including DNA methylation and histone modification. There are currently inhibitors targeting epigenetic regulators in preclinical studies and clinical trials.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Simeon Santourlidis, Wolfgang A. Schulz, Marcos J. Arauzo-Bravo, Daniela Gerovska, Pauline Ott, Marcelo L. Bendhack, Mohamed Hassan, Lars Erichsen
Summary: Epigenetic mechanisms play a fundamental role in the initiation and development of melanoma, but research in this area is relatively limited compared to other cancers. This review provides a brief summary of the epigenetic aspects relevant to melanoma pathogenesis and introduces new perspectives from epigenetic research in other cancers that may have potential for melanoma diagnosis and therapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Oncology
James E. Barrett, Allison Jones, Iona Evans, Chiara Herzog, Daniel Reisel, Adeola Olaitan, Tim Mould, Nicola MacDonald, Konstantinos Doufekas, Claire Newton, Emma J. Crosbie, Line Bjorge, Nicoletta Colombo, Lukas Dostalek, Laura Costas, Paula Peremiquel-Trillas, Jordi Ponce, Xavier Matias-Guiu, Michal Zikan, David Cibula, Jiangrong Wang, Karin Sundstroem, Joakim Dillner, Martin Widschwendter
Summary: To reduce the morbidity caused by aggressive treatment for advanced endometrial cancer, it is necessary to identify women at risk and detect the cancer earlier. A new test called WID-EC based on DNA methylation was developed and validated in different sets of samples, showing promising results in identifying women with or at risk of endometrial cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Janah Vandenhoeck, Jan P. van Meerbeeck, Erik Fransen, Jo Raskin, Guy Van Camp, Ken Op de Beeck, Kevin Lamote
Summary: This study provides a systematic review of the research investigating DNA methylation in mesothelioma, identifying APC, miR-34b/c, and WIF1 as the most suitable candidate biomarkers. Further research on genome-wide DNA methylation profiling is needed for potential clinical applications.
JOURNAL OF THORACIC ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Nayeralsadat Fatemi, Sascha Tierling, Hamidreza Aboulkheyr Es, Maryam Varkiani, Ehsan Nazemalhosseini Mojarad, Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei, Joern Walter, Mehdi Totonchi
Summary: Colorectal cancer, the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide, is closely associated with epigenetic changes such as DNA methylation. Studies have shown that DNA methylation markers have high accuracy and reproducibility in noninvasive biosamples, making them promising for early diagnosis and personalized treatment of CRC. Further research and development of methylation biomarkers and detection methods are crucial for CRC diagnosis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eshaan Patnaik, Chikezie Madu, Yi Lu
Summary: Epigenetics plays a crucial role in gene regulation and tumor development. DNA methylation inhibitors and histone deacetylase inhibitors can restore normal gene expression and be effective against cancer. Understanding epigenetic modifications and utilizing inhibitors offer new possibilities for cancer research.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Jennifer Kerkhof, Gabriella Maria Squeo, Haley McConkey, Michael A. Levy, Maria Rosaria Piemontese, Marco Castori, Maria Accadia, Elisa Biamino, Matteo Della Monica, Marilena Carmela Di Giacomo, Cristina Gervasini, Silvia Maitz, Daniela Melis, Donatella Milani, Maria Piccione, Paolo Prontera, Angelo Selicorni, Bekim Sadikovic, Giuseppe Merla
Summary: This study analyzed the methylation profiles of individuals with chromatinopathies and identified unique genome-wide DNA methylation profiles, which were matched and confirmed with known episignatures. Additionally, uncertain variants were reclassified as likely pathogenic, and specific chromatinopathy disorders were identified in some sequencing negative cases. Therefore, DNA methylation analysis plays an important role in diagnosing chromatinopathies.
GENETICS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Simone Karlsson Terp, Malene Pontoppidan Stoico, Karen Dybkaer, Inge Sokilde Pedersen
Summary: Liquid biopsy using circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) shows promise as a minimally invasive approach for early diagnosis of ovarian cancer. DNA methylation biomarkers detected in ctDNA have the potential to distinguish ovarian cancer patients from those with benign conditions or healthy individuals.
CLINICAL EPIGENETICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jibran Sualeh Muhammad, Shaista Manzoor, Zheng-Guo Cui, Ghalia Khoder
Summary: Given the high prevalence and mortality associated with gastric cancer worldwide, it is important to identify biomarkers for early detection of malignant transformation. This study investigated the role of H. pylori-induced DNA methylation-based epigenetic regulation of CXCL1, a biomarker for gastric cancer pathogenesis. The results showed that CXCL1 is highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues and cells infected with H. pylori, and the overexpression is due to hypomethylation of its promoter region. CXCL1 hypomethylation induced by H. pylori could be detected at an early stage of gastric cancer development and targeted using demethylation drugs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Man Li, Litao Bao, Ping Zhu, Shuxia Wang
Summary: This study investigated the impact of metformin on the epigenetic age in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). The results showed an association between metformin intake and slower epigenetic aging.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Ling Lv, Jianzhong Ma, Lina Wu, Chao Zhang, Yueping Wang, Guang Wang
Summary: This study found that the transcriptional inactivation of the FBN1 gene may start from normal colonic epithelium, and the FBN1 gene methylation catalyzed by DNMT gradually generates powerful force, accelerates expansion, and eventually leads to colorectal cancer (CRC). FBN1 methylation is a promising biomarker, and the FBN1 methylation risk size in feces reflects the non-invasive detection results in tissue.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Trine V. Larsen, Nina Dybdal, Tina F. Daugaard, Johanne Lade-Keller, Lin Lin, Boe S. Sorensen, Anders L. Nielsen
Summary: This study investigates the role of PD-L1 DNA methylation in regulating and predicting PD-L1 expression in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients undergoing immunotherapy. The analysis of tumor biopsies and cell lines reveals that PD-L1 DNA methylation status influences its expression. However, the correlation between methylation and expression is weak in NSCLC tumor samples. This study emphasizes the importance of further research to improve the effectiveness of PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy in NSCLC.