Article
Psychology, Developmental
Sean Esteban McCabe, Olivia Figueroa, Vita V. McCabe, Ty S. Schepis, John E. Schulenberg, Philip T. Veliz, Kennedy S. Werner, Timothy E. Wilens
Summary: This study aimed to examine the relationship between age of onset and duration of stimulant therapy for ADHD and cocaine, methamphetamine, and prescription stimulant misuse in adolescence. The results showed that early initiation and longer duration of stimulant therapy were not associated with increased odds of cocaine or methamphetamine use. However, late initiation and shorter duration of stimulant therapy were significantly associated with higher odds of past-year cocaine or prescription stimulant misuse. There were no differences in misuse rates between individuals who received non-stimulant therapy for ADHD and those who initiated early and long-duration stimulant therapy.
JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Joseph Sadek
Summary: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) assessment is challenging due to malingering or feigning of symptoms, as well as the abuse and diversion of stimulant medication. Recent literature suggests several reasons for malingering and faking ADHD symptoms, including obtaining drugs for performance enhancement, accessing additional services and benefits, recreational use, and illegal selling. Self-report rating measures have proven to be easily simulated by patients without ADHD, making it difficult to detect false positives. This article highlights clinical factors for detecting malingering during ADHD assessment and discusses available tests.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Chris Eaton, Kenneith Yong, Victoria Walter, Gashirai K. Mbizvo, Sinead Rhodes, Richard Fm Chin
Summary: This study assessed the efficacy of stimulant and non-stimulant drugs used to treat individuals with both ADHD and epilepsy. The results showed that the stimulant drug OROS-MPH did not significantly worsen epilepsy, but higher doses were associated with an increased risk of seizures. The non-stimulant drug omega-3, when used in combination with other medications, reduced seizure frequency. However, the certainty of evidence for these outcomes was low, and further research is needed.
COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
I. Ivanov, J. H. Newcorn, B. Krone, X. Li, S. Duhoux, S. F. White, K. P. Schulz, A. C. Bedard, J. Pedraza, L. A. Adler, R. J. Blair
Summary: The study examined changes in brain activation of the reward system in adults with ADHD following treatment with lisdexamfetamine, finding that increased activation was associated with symptom improvement. This suggests that LDX treatment may help restore dysfunction in the brain reward circuitry in adults with ADHD.
JOURNAL OF ATTENTION DISORDERS
(2021)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Iman Idrees, Alessio Bellato, Samuele Cortese, Madeleine J. Groom
Summary: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the impacts of stimulant and non-stimulant medications on autonomic functioning in individuals with ADHD. We searched multiple databases for relevant studies and included a variety of measures for autonomic activity. The findings suggest that both stimulants and non-stimulants can increase heart rate and blood pressure in individuals with ADHD, and stimulant use is associated with increased arousal as indicated by electrodermal activity and pupil diameter. However, the diverse methodologies employed in the included studies highlight the need for more standardized and rigorous research to fully elucidate the relationship between arousal, medication, and behavior in ADHD.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Muhammad Ali, Nickolas Dreher, Theodore Hannah, Adam Li, Nek Asghar, Zachary Spiera, Naoum Fares Marayati, John Durbin, Alex Gometz, Mark Lovell, Tanvir Choudhri
Summary: The study found that youth athletes with ADHD who were treated with stimulants had a lower risk of concussion and less severe neurocognitive dysfunction after concussion. The use of stimulants in ADHD patients may help reduce the incidence of concussion and improve the quality of recovery.
ORTHOPAEDIC JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mina Tadrous, Ahmad Shakeri, Cherry Chu, Jennifer Watt, Muhammad M. Mamdani, David N. Juurlink, Tara Gomes
Summary: A cohort study found that stimulant use was associated with an early increase in cardiovascular events among older adults, with no association for long-term use.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Huali Lei, Ji Hyeon Kim, Subin Son, Linfu Chen, Zifan Pei, Yuqi Yang, Zhuang Liu, Liang Cheng, Jong Seung Kim
Summary: This study presents the concept of a next-generation sonodynamic sensitizer preparation for immunosonodynamic therapy (iSDT) as a noninvasive synergistic therapeutic modality. By combining sonodynamic therapy and immunotherapy, this method achieves efficient and targeted treatment for tumors. The iSDT specifically activates the sonodynamic effect at the tumor site, showing high specificity in killing tumor cells. Additionally, when combined with an alpha-PD-L1 antibody, this therapy effectively inhibits tumor metastasis.
Review
Neurosciences
Kenneth Handelman, Fernando Sumiya
Summary: This paper reviews tolerance to stimulant medication treatment for ADHD, highlighting physiological changes related to long-term stimulant usage and strategies to manage tolerance. Long-term follow-up studies demonstrate a lessening medication response over time in a high percentage of patients.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Kristi R. Griffiths, Leonor Aparicio, Taylor A. Braund, Jenny Yang, Grace Harvie, Anthony Harris, Phillipa J. Hay, Stephen Touyz, Michael R. Kohn
Summary: High trait impulsivity is believed to be a contributing factor to the loss of control over eating and binge eating impulses experienced by individuals with binge eating disorder (BED). Lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX), a medication used to treat moderate to severe BED, has been shown to significantly reduce food-related and non-planning impulsivity in BED patients, although not to normal levels. Furthermore, individuals with higher levels of motor and non-planning impulsivity, as well as loss of control over eating, experienced the greatest reduction in binge eating frequency after 8 weeks of LDX treatment.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Javier Quintero, Jose R. Gutierrez-Casares, Cecilio Alamo
Summary: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood-onset neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. ADHD is often accompanied by other comorbid diseases and can interfere with functioning and development. The treatment of ADHD involves a multidisciplinary approach, including both medication and non-pharmacological interventions. Stimulant medications such as methylphenidate (MPH) and lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX) are commonly used as first-line pharmacological treatments. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of ADHD and its treatments are not well understood, and further research is needed to improve our understanding and develop more effective interventions.
NEUROLOGY AND THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Nicole Hadler, Arianna Strome, Marika Waselewski, Kelsey Herbert, Chloe Harper, Tammy Chang
Summary: The study found that many youth believe peer pressure and coping are common reasons for stimulant diversion, with many perceiving that lots of youth misuse stimulants. They thought stimulants could be obtained from peers, people with prescriptions, dealers, and family members, and some even mentioned access through unnecessary prescriptions. Many were aware of the health risks of misuse, but few mentioned potential legal consequences.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Antonia Kaiser, Caroline Broeder, Jessica Cohen, Linda Douw, Liesbeth Reneman, Anouk Schrantee
Summary: This study investigated the effects of methylphenidate on brain network connectivity in children and adults with ADHD and found that the effects were age-dependent. Methylphenidate decreased connectivity and centrality in subcortical regions in children, but increased these measures in adults. Interestingly, no major effects were observed in frontal regions. These findings suggest that the effects of methylphenidate treatment should be studied from a developmental perspective.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Anselm B. M. Fuermaier, Oliver Tucha, Janneke Koerts, Lara Tucha, Johannes Thome, Frank Faltraco
Summary: The prevalence of feigning ADHD and misuse of prescription medication among Dutch university students is high, with many students expressing liberal attitudes towards these behaviors. Efforts are needed to carefully diagnose individuals for ADHD and prevent stimulant drug trafficking and misuse among university students.
JOURNAL OF NEURAL TRANSMISSION
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Virginia Peisch, Tara Rutter, Carol L. Wilkinson, Anne B. Arnett
Summary: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder associated with significant impairment in psychiatric and functional domains, with the treatment effectiveness of stimulant medication influenced by biomarkers. A review of literature suggests a relationship between event-related potential (ERP) and stimulant response, offering potential for precision medicine care for ADHD patients.
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Rachel E. Dew, Scott H. Kollins, Harold G. Koenig
Summary: The study found a negative correlation between ADHD symptoms and religiosity, with some data showing that religiosity interacts with ADHD in predicting worsened psychopathology.
JOURNAL OF ATTENTION DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Lauren Franz, Jill Howard, Marisa Viljoen, Linmarie Sikich, Tara Chandrasekhar, Scott H. Kollins, Lawrence Lee, Minkateko Ndlovu, Maura Sabatos-DeVito, Noleen Seris, Nokuthula Shabalala, Marina Spanos, Petrus J. de Vries, Geraldine Dawson
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a shift towards telehealth in autism spectrum disorder research, which can enhance diversity in study participants. However, telehealth must consider local context and digital divide to ensure valid scientific outcomes.
Editorial Material
Psychology, Developmental
Scott H. Kollins
JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Jessica R. Lunsford-Avery, Ke (Will) Wang, Scott H. Kollins, Richard J. Chung, Casey Keller, Matthew M. Engelhard
Summary: Sleep is vital to adolescent behavioral health and functioning, but sleep disturbances are often overlooked in healthcare settings. This study found that sleep regularity and timing are associated with adolescent behavioral health and functioning.
JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL AND BEHAVIORAL PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Michelle J. White, Julia C. Schechter, Benjamin Neely, Camila Reyes, Rachel L. Maguire, Eliana M. Perrin, Albert J. Ksinan, Scott H. Kollins, Bernard F. Fuemmeler
Summary: The study found that parenting stress was negatively associated with child sedentary time and vegetable consumption, but positively associated with child screen time. Parenting stress may influence children's dietary behaviors, but was not found to be associated with weight status, physical activity, or eating in the absence of hunger.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Trevin E. Glasgow, Elizabeth L. Adams, Albert Ksinan, D. Jeremy Barsell, Jessica Lunsford-Avery, Shanshan Chen, Scott Kollins, Julia C. Schechter, Rachel Maguire, Matthew Engelhard, Bernard F. Fuemmeler
Summary: The study found a consistent association between sleep duration and adiposity measures in children, suggesting that pediatric sleep interventions should focus on increasing nighttime sleep duration and examining if this improves child adiposity outcomes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Rashmi Patel, Soon Nan Wee, Rajagopalan Ramaswamy, Simran Thadani, Jesisca Tandi, Ruchir Garg, Nathan Calvanese, Matthew Valko, A. John Rush, Miguel E. Renteria, Joydeep Sarkar, Scott H. Kollins
Summary: NeuroBlu is a repository of real-world data that contains deidentified electronic health record data from US mental healthcare providers. It enables users to perform statistical analysis and has supported epidemiological studies, data visualization, comparative effectiveness evaluations, treatment response prediction models, and NLP applications.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Alexander D. S. Breslav, Nancy L. Zucker, Julia C. Schechter, Alesha Majors, Tatyana Bidopia, Bernard F. Fuemmeler, Scott H. Kollins, Scott A. Huettel
Summary: As children grow older, their sensitivity to environmental structure increases. However, in the Children's Gambling Task, age was negatively associated with performance, but only in children who exhibited a maladaptive deplete-replenish bias.
PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Suzanne K. Vosburg, Stephen Faraone, Elizabeth Riley, Timothy Whitaker, Jessica Kardish, David Baker, Scott H. Kollins, Craig R. Rush
Summary: This study examined non-oral use of prescription stimulants, specifically intranasal use, in young adults. The results revealed that 32% of the participants reported intranasal use of prescription stimulants, with Adderall being the most commonly used drug. Most intranasal users spent less than 5 minutes tampering with the medication, and they would resort to oral consumption if unable to use it intranasally.
JOURNAL OF ATTENTION DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Kimberly L. H. Carpenter, Naomi O. Davis, Marina Spanos, Maura Sabatos-DeVito, Rachel Aiello, Grace T. Baranek, Scott N. Compton, Helen L. Egger, Lauren Franz, Soo-Jeong Kim, Bryan H. King, Alexander Kolevzon, Christopher J. McDougle, Kevin Sanders, Jeremy Veenstra-VanderWeele, Linmarie Sikich, Scott H. Kollins, Geraldine Dawson
Summary: This study examined the relationships between irritability, ADHD symptoms, and adaptive behavior in autistic children. The results suggest a link between higher levels of irritability and differences in social adaptive behavior.
JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Bernard F. Fuemmeler, Trevin E. Glasgow, Julia C. Schechter, Rachel Maguire, Yaou Sheng, Tatyana Bidopia, D. Jeremy Barsell, Albert Ksinan, Junfeng Zhang, Yan Lin, Cathrine Hoyo, Susan Murphy, Jian Qin, Xiangtian Wang, Scott Kollins
Summary: This study examines the relationship between prenatal and childhood smoke exposure and neurodevelopmental and behavioral problems in early childhood. The results show that childhood smoke exposure is associated with poorer cognitive performance, language development, and attention regulation. However, the association between childhood smoke exposure and attention problems becomes nonsignificant after adjusting for confounders. There was no significant association found for maternal smoke exposure, but an interaction was detected between prenatal and childhood smoke exposure on language development.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Matthew M. Engelhard, Ricardo Henao, Samuel I. Berchuck, Junya Chen, Brian Eichner, Darby Herkert, Scott H. Kollins, Andrew Olson, Eliana M. Perrin, Ursula Rogers, Connor Sullivan, YiQin Zhu, Guillermo Sapiro, Geraldine Dawson
Summary: Early detection of autism in childhood is crucial for providing early behavioral support to autistic children and their families. This study utilized electronic health records to develop predictive models for detecting autism early, resulting in clinically meaningful accuracy by age 30 days and further improvement by age 1 year. The automated approach could be combined with caregiver surveys to enhance the accuracy of early autism screening.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Rachel L. Randell, Christoph P. Hornik, Lesley Curtis, Adrian F. Hernandez, Tom Denwood, Camille Nebeker, Jeremy Sugarman, Benoit Tyl, Masahiro Murakami, Leslie Oley Wilberforce, Sherry Pagoto, Ola Vedin, Tomas Andersson, Olveen Carrasquillo, Rowena Dolor, Scott H. Kollins, Jill Pellegrino, Megan L. Ranney
Summary: Digitization and consumerism in clinical trials can increase participant volume and recruitment speed, but can also lead to challenges such as retention issues and ethical concerns. A click and mortar approach that combines technology with traditional trial methods may provide a balanced solution to these challenges.
CONTEMPORARY CLINICAL TRIALS
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Rashmi Patel, Kelly M. Y. Chan, Emily O. C. Palmer, Matthew Valko, Guruprabha Guruswamy, Sheryl Ker, Gunjan Batra, Miguel E. Renteria, Scott H. Kollins
Summary: This study examines the associations of comorbid substance use disorders (SUDs) with clinical outcomes in schizophrenia using a large-scale electronic health record (EHR) database. The study found that comorbid SUDs were generally associated with poorer clinical outcomes in patients with schizophrenia, indicating the importance of managing both conditions in treatment strategies.
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Maxime Taquet, Kira Griffiths, Emily O. C. Palmer, Sheryl Ker, Christian Liman, Soon Nan Wee, Scott H. Kollins, Rashmi Patel
Summary: This study found that clinical severity and instability are independent predictors of future risk of psychiatric hospitalisation. These findings can help clinicians make prognoses and screen patients who are most likely to benefit from intensive interventions.
