Journal
JOURNAL OF THE BRAZILIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
Volume 26, Issue 10, Pages 2159-2168Publisher
SOC BRASILEIRA QUIMICA
DOI: 10.5935/0103-5053.20150203
Keywords
acetaminophen; BDD electrode; determination of drugs; electrochemical pretreatment; square-wave voltammetry
Categories
Funding
- CNPq
- CAPES
- FAPESP (Sao Paulo Research Foundation)
- CNPq [160658/2013-6]
- FAPESP [2013/16770-0, 2014/07919-2]
- Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) [14/07919-2] Funding Source: FAPESP
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Simple, fast, and inexpensive electroanalytical procedures were developed for the determination of codeine (COD) solely and paracetamol (PCT) and COD simultaneously in pharmaceutical formulations and human body fluids. The methods involve the combination of square-wave voltammetry (SWV) with a cathodically pretreated boron-doped diamond electrode and a 0.2 mol L-1 acetate buffer (pH 4.0) solution as the supporting electrolyte. Significantly low limits of detection were obtained for COD solely or PCT and COD simultaneously: 1.19 or 18 and 14 nmol L-1, respectively. The proposed SWV method was successfully applied in the simultaneous determination of PCT and COD in four samples of pharmaceutical tablets, with results similar (at 98% confidence level) to those obtained using a reference high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Additionally, adequate results were obtained when concentrations of PCT and COD were determined in human urine or serum samples by addition-recovery. Clearly, the proposed method is an excellent option for the determination of COD solely or PCT and COD simultaneously.
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