Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kristina Wardelmann, Michaela Rath, Jose Pedro Castro, Sabine Bluemel, Mareike Schell, Robert Hauffe, Fabian Schumacher, Tanina Flore, Katrin Ritter, Andreas Wernitz, Toru Hosoi, Koichiro Ozawa, Burkhard Kleuser, Jurgen Weiss, Annette Schurmann, Andre Kleinridders
Summary: Research indicates that reduced Hsp10 expression in the brains of type 2 diabetes mice is regulated by leptin in vitro. Decreased Hsp10 in hypothalamic cells leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin resistance.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Alec I. McKenzie, Ziad S. Mahmassani, Jonathan J. Petrocelli, Naomi M. M. P. de Hart, Dennis K. Fix, Patrick J. Ferrara, Paul C. LaStayo, Robin L. Marcus, Matthew T. Rondina, Scott A. Summers, Jordan M. Johnson, Joel D. Trinity, Katsuhiko Funai, Micah J. Drummond
Summary: This study examined the short-term effects of metformin on skeletal muscle mitochondrial bioenergetics in healthy older adults. The findings suggest that metformin does not impact mitochondrial respiration but influences mitochondrial free radical and satellite cell dynamics in aged, glucose-tolerant muscle.
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Meiying Song, Xiang Fan
Summary: Elderly people over the age of 65 are most susceptible to Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is associated with apparent metabolic alterations. Currently, there is no cure for AD, and only a few drugs have been approved by the FDA to alleviate its symptoms. Numerous preclinical and clinical trials have investigated the impact of adjusting whole-body and intracellular metabolism on the development of AD. Recent evidence suggests that mitochondria play a crucial role by initiating a stress response, leading to healthy aging and neuroprotection. There is also growing awareness of the differential risk and potential targeting strategies related to metabolism and the microbiome. Mitochondrial bioenergetics, quality-control mechanisms, and mitochondrial-linked inflammatory responses are considered potential therapeutic targets for AD. This review summarizes and highlights these recent advancements.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Wei Zhou, Gaolei Hu, Jianli He, Tianshi Wang, Yong Zuo, Ying Cao, Quan Zheng, Jun Tu, Jiao Ma, Rong Cai, Yalan Chen, Qiuju Fan, Baijun Dong, Hongsheng Tan, Qi Wang, Wei Xue, Jinke Cheng
Summary: This study demonstrates that the SENP1-Sirt3 signaling pathway controls glutaminolysis, leading to the accumulation of alpha KG during IL-4-stimulated M2 polarization of macrophages. It also reveals that SENP1-Sirt3 deacetylates GLUD1, an acetylated protein in mitochondria, and increases its activity in glutaminolysis to promote alpha KG production, ultimately leading to M2 polarization of macrophages.
Review
Immunology
Cesare Tripolino, Jacopo Ciaffi, Valentina Pucino, Piero Ruscitti, Nina van Leeuwen, Claudio Borghi, Roberto Giacomelli, Riccardo Meliconi, Francesco Ursini
Summary: Inflammatory arthritis is burdened by an increased risk of metabolic disorders, which might have a bidirectional cause-effect relationship. Insulin signaling plays a crucial role in immune response and arthritis, while inflammatory mediators can affect insulin signaling.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Weiser, Jerome N. Feige, Umberto De Marchi
Summary: Accumulation of calcium in energized mitochondria of pancreatic beta-cells plays a crucial role in beta-cell function. Mitochondrial calcium signaling is important for regulating insulin secretion and new pharmacological and genetic findings provide potential intervention strategies for modulating pancreatic beta-cell function in the context of diabetes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Janine Hertzog Santos
Summary: Epigenetic modifications are influenced by the metabolites generated in the mitochondria, particularly acetyl-CoA and alpha-ketoglutarate, which play critical roles in histone marks and nuclear DNA methylation patterns. Proper mitochondrial function is essential for maintaining the epigenetic landscape, and dysfunction in mitochondria can have a negative impact on epigenetics and gene expression.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Chomova
Summary: Diabetes mellitus is closely associated with cognitive complications in the brain, causing morphological, electrophysiological, biochemical, and cognitive changes. The intricate molecular changes over time and space make the detailed pathophysiological mechanisms behind diabetic cognitive impairment unclear. This review provides insight into recent advances in understanding molecular events in the diabetic brain, focusing on cerebral glucose and insulin uptake, insulin action in the brain, and the role of the brain in the regulation of glucose homeostasis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sho T. Yamaguchi, Jun Tomita, Kazuhiko Kume
Summary: Insulin signaling in specific neurons regulates sleep in fruit flies. Insulin-like ligands and the insulin receptor are involved in the regulation of sleep behavior in fruit flies. This study provides important insights into the neural mechanisms of sleep regulation.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andreia Faria-Pereira, Vanessa A. Morais
Summary: The brain is one of the most energy-consuming organs in the body, and synaptic transmission is a major contributor to this energy consumption. The brain primarily uses glucose for energy, which is metabolized through glycolysis and/or mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. This review examines the balance between glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation in meeting synaptic energy demands. Dysregulation of synaptic bioenergetics is increasingly associated with neurodegenerative disorders.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ana Vujic, Amy N. M. Koo, Hiran A. Prag, Thomas Krieg
Summary: Mitochondria play a crucial role in cellular processes and heart function, with communication between mitochondria and the nucleus maintaining cardiomyocyte homeostasis. Excessive generation of ROS can lead to irreversible cell damage, contributing to various pathologies. Additionally, myocardial impairments are associated with specific metabolic changes and dysregulated inflammatory responses.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Parveen Kumar, Mikita Patel, Robert A. Oster, Vidhush Yarlagadda, Adam Ambrosetti, Dean G. Assimos, Tanecia Mitchell
Summary: This study found that dietary oxalate loading may impact monocyte metabolism and immune response in healthy adults, but the responses are variable. Further research is needed to understand oxalate-mediated mechanisms on circulating monocytes and how this potentially influences CaOx kidney stone formation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David Hanna, Roshan Kumar, Ruma Banerjee
Summary: This article discusses the significant physiological effects of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) on cellular metabolism, especially its role in metabolic reprogramming and electron transport chain remodeling. The authors emphasize the importance of reevaluating the physiological effects of H2S and highlight future research directions.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
E. Dale Abel
Summary: Insulin receptors play a critical role in regulating cardiac growth, survival, substrate uptake, and mitochondrial metabolism. Altered insulin signaling in the heart can contribute to ventricular remodeling and heart failure progression. Understanding the role of insulin signaling in cardiac physiology and pathology may have therapeutic implications for conditions like obesity and diabetes.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hector G. Paez, Peter J. Ferrandi, Christopher R. Pitzer, Junaith S. Mohamed, Stephen E. Alway
Summary: The gene expression of NOR-1, a nuclear orphan receptor, is reduced in obesity and during muscle disuse. NOR-1 is responsive to exercise and its deficiency may contribute to altered metabolic signaling and insulin resistance. This study identifies metabolic targets regulated by NOR-1 and suggests it plays a role in mTORC1 signaling and insulin sensitivity pathways. Improving NOR-1 may offset the negative impact of inactivity, obesity, and type 2 diabetes on muscle metabolism.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Douglas T. Leffa, Joao Pedro Ferrari-Souza, Bruna Bellaver, Cecile Tissot, Pamela C. L. Ferreira, Wagner S. Brum, Arthur Caye, Jodie Lord, Petroula Proitsi, Thais Martins-Silva, Luciana Tovo-Rodrigues, Dana L. Tudorascu, Victor L. Villemagne, Ann D. Cohen, Oscar L. Lopez, William E. Klunk, Thomas K. Karikari, Pedro Rosa-Neto, Eduardo R. Zimmer, Brooke S. G. Molina, Luis Augusto Rohde, Tharick A. Pascoal
Summary: The genetic liability for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with cognitive decline and the development of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) pathology, especially in individuals with increased amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Joseph Therriault, Marie Vermeiren, Stijn Servaes, Cecile Tissot, Nicholas J. Ashton, Andrea Lessa Benedet, Thomas K. Karikari, Juan Lantero-Rodriguez, Wagner S. Brum, Firoza Z. Lussier, Gleb Bezgin, Jenna Stevenson, Nesrine Rahmouni, Peter Kunach, Yi-Ting Wang, Jaime Fernandez-Arias, Kely Quispialaya Socualaya, Arthur C. Macedo, Joao Pedro Ferrari-Souza, Pamela C. L. Ferreira, Bruna Bellaver, Douglas T. Leffa, Eduardo R. Zimmer, Paolo Vitali, Jean-Paul Soucy, Gallen Triana-Baltzer, Hartmuth C. Kolb, Tharick A. Pascoal, Paramita Saha-Chaudhuri, Serge Gauthier, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow, Pedro Rosa-Neto
Summary: This study investigates the association between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma p-tau biomarkers and the hallmark pathologies of Alzheimer's disease (AD): amyloid-beta plaques and tau neurofibrillary tangles. The results suggest that p-tau is mainly associated with amyloid-beta accumulation, indicating that p-tau abnormalities may be an early event in the pathogenesis of AD.
Article
Neurosciences
Marina Tedeschi Dauar, Tharick Ali Pascoal, Joseph Therriault, Jared Rowley, Sara Mohaddes, Monica Shin, Eduardo R. Zimmer, Simon Fristed Eskildsen, Vladimir S. Fonov, Serge Gauthier, Judes Poirier, Pedro Rosa-Neto
Summary: This study assessed the association between cognitive measures and pathophysiological events in Alzheimer's disease patients, specifically focusing on delayed episodic memory tests. The findings revealed correlations between memory scores and regional amyloid deposition and brain metabolism across different stages of the disease.
Article
Information Science & Library Science
Carolina Bittencourt Gomes, Luciana Calabro, Suzana Rachel de Oliveira, Leo Anderson Meira Martins, Diogo Onofre Souza, Ediane Maria Gheno
Summary: This article evaluated the characteristics of grantees in the Health Sciences area of the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development. Various indicators were used to assess 1,634 researchers with current grants in 2021. The study found differences in the distribution of articles among Committees and the influence of article numbers on the level of grants. It provides important insights for public policies in Science and Technology and contributes to the field by evaluating the Health Sciences area using diverse indicators.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Bruna Bellaver, Albert Puig-Pijoan, Joao Pedro Ferrari-Souza, Douglas T. Leffa, Firoza Z. Lussier, Pamela C. L. Ferreira, Cecile Tissot, Guilherme Povala, Joseph Therriault, Andrea L. Benedet, Nicholas J. Ashton, Stijn Servaes, Mira Chamoun, Jenna Stevenson, Nesrine Rahmouni, Marie Vermeiren, Arthur C. Macedo, Aida Fernandez-Lebrero, Greta Garcia-Escobar, Irene Navalpotro-Gomez, Oscar Lopez, Dana L. Tudorascu, Ann Cohen, Victor L. Villemagne, William E. Klunk, Serge Gauthier, Eduardo R. Zimmer, Thomas K. Karikari, Kaj Blennow, Henrik Zetterberg, Marc Suarez-Calvet, Pedro Rosa-Neto, Tharick A. Pascoal
Summary: The permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) may affect the levels of brain-derived proteins in the blood, which in turn can impact the relationship between brain and blood biomarkers. The study found that BBB permeability influenced the relationship between plasma A beta(42/40) and CSF A beta(42/40) as well as A beta-PET positivity, but did not significantly impact the relationship between brain and plasma p-tau levels.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Igor C. Fontana, Debora G. Souza, Diogo O. Souza, Antony Gee, Eduardo R. Zimmer, Salvatore Bongarzone
Summary: The excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (EAAT2) is crucial for the clearance and recycling of glutamate, the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. Dysfunctions in EAAT2 can lead to neurodegenerative diseases, such as ALS and AD. Detecting EAAT2 in the living human brain is important for improving diagnosis and therapy for these diseases. This article discusses the role of EAAT2 and presents potential activators for therapy and molecular imaging tools for diagnosis.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aline Rigon Zimmer, Bianca Franco Leonardi, Eduardo Rigon Zimmer, Alexandre Pastoris Muller, Grace Gosmann, Luis Valmor Cruz Portela
Summary: This study evaluated the protective effects of Capsicum baccatum red pepper on metabolic syndrome induced by an ultra-processed diet in rats. The results showed that oral administration of C. baccatum along with the ultra-processed diet prevented adipose tissue accumulation, reduced total cholesterol and LDL levels, and improved glucose metabolism, all commonly associated with metabolic syndrome. The study suggests that C. baccatum red pepper is a secure and enriched source of bioactive compounds promising to protect against pathological processes associated with metabolic syndrome.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Juliana Camacho-Pereira, Leonardo Osbourne Lai de Souza, Marina Santos Chichierchio, Camila Rodrigues-Chaves, Luiza de Sousa Lomba, Manoel Fonseca-Oliveira, Daniel Carvalho-Mendonca, Thaia Silva-Rodrigues, Antonio Galina
Summary: Aging is a time-related functional decline accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction. CD38 plays a novel role in brain energy metabolism and aging by regulating hydrogen peroxide generation.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Blessing A. Obafemi, Isaac A. Adedara, Ana L. A. Segatto, Diogo O. Souza, Joao B. T. da Rocha, Olawande C. Olagoke
Summary: In this study, the mechanism of inflammatory response to organometallic cation methylmercury, common cooking seasoning (NaCl and MSG), and their crosstalk with redox signaling were investigated using the lobster cockroach as a model. The activation of Nox/Duox NADPH oxidases, along with JNK and Rel signaling pathways, was found to play crucial roles during methylmercury and MSG exposure.
JOURNAL OF FOOD BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nathan R. Strogulski, Luis V. Portela, Brian M. Polster, David J. Loane
Summary: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a devastating neurological disorder characterized by diffuse damage and chronic neurodegeneration. The immune response, particularly the activation of microglia and macrophages, plays a significant role in the ongoing neuroinflammation after TBI. Metabolic adaptations in immune cells, especially in microglia, regulate the immunologic response to noxious stimuli and contribute to the development of pro- or anti-inflammatory states. However, there are still unresolved questions regarding microglial mitochondrial dysfunction, the roles of specific metabolic pathways, and the influence of immunometabolism on chronic neuroinflammation following TBI.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Lisiane Tuon, Natalia Santos Tramontin, Isis Custodio, Vitor Hugo Comim, Barbara Costa, Lariani Tamires Witt Tietbohl, Alexandre Pastoris Muller
Summary: Intellectual disability (ID) is a condition characterized by limitations in cognitive development and adaptive behavior. This study investigated potential biomarkers for ID using clinical assessment, standardized tests, and blood samples. Decreased levels of FKN, NGF- β, and vitamin B12, as well as increased levels of DCFH and nitrite, were found in the ID group. Positive correlations were observed between certain biomarkers and specific domains on the WISC-IV test. TNF- α and oxidative stress biomarkers suggest a complex etiology for ID, requiring further research for better understanding and effective treatments.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Wyllians Vendramini Borelli, Carolina Rodrigues Formoso, Andrei Bieger, Pamela Lukasewicz Ferreira, Eduardo R. Zimmer, Tharick Ali Pascoal, Marcia Lorena Fagundes Chaves, Raphael Machado Castilhos
Summary: Risk factors for dementia vary among different races, and hearing loss is the most important contributor to overall population attributable fraction in all races. Public policies aimed at reducing preventable risk factors for dementia should consider the race of the target populations.
ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA: DIAGNOSIS, ASSESSMENT & DISEASE MONITORING
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mychael V. Lourenco, Wyllians Vendramini Borelli, Claudia Duran-Aniotz, Eduardo R. Zimmer, Shamyr Sulyvan de Castro
Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a global health issue, with immense socioeconomic burden on low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) as well as high-income countries. However, LMICs face disparities in resources and barriers to publishing in international journals, including funding constraints, language barriers, and high article processing charges. The equalization of publication fees by publishing companies could help reduce scientific inequality and improve AD research capacity in LMICs.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA-TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH & CLINICAL INTERVENTIONS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Pamela C. L. Ferreira, Bruna Bellaver, Guilherme Povala, Wagner S. Brum, Cecile Tissot, Atef Badji, Matthew E. Sloan, Andrea L. Benedet, Pedro Rosa-Neto, Nicholas J. Ashton, Tharick A. Pascoal, Antoine Leuzy, Eduardo R. Zimmer
Summary: Endocannabinoid system biomarkers are associated with the progression and pathological features of Alzheimer's disease. Although not specific enough for diagnosis, they hold promise for prognosis, drug-target engagement, and a better understanding of the disease.
CANNABIS AND CANNABINOID RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Wenzhu Wang, Zihan Li, Yitong Yan, Shuo Wu, Xinyu Yao, Chen Gao, Lanxiang Liu, Yan Yu
Summary: This study investigated the reparative mechanisms of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) in traumatic brain injury (TBI) and found that LIPUS promotes hippocampal neurogenesis, enhances neural electrical activity and neural plasticity, ultimately restoring neuronal function and cognitive capabilities in TBI mice.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Wenmin Yi, Fei Chen, Minghao Yuan, Chuanling Wang, Shengyuan Wang, Jie Wen, Qian Zou, Yinshuang Pu, Zhiyou Cai
Summary: The study suggests that a high-fat diet may lead to tau hyperphosphorylation and synaptic dysfunction by inhibiting the SIRT1/AMPK pathway and disrupting autophagy flux, ultimately resulting in cognitive decline.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Kim M. Hemsley, Helen Beard, Glyn Chidlow, Teresa Mammone, Leanne K. Winner, Daniel Neumann, Barbara King, Marten F. Snel, Paul J. Trim, Robert J. Casson
Summary: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive method that can be used to rapidly and quantitatively examine the integrity of the neuroretina. It has been shown that OCT can be used to observe retinal thinning in patients with childhood dementia, and to assess the improvement of retinal structure after treatment. Furthermore, OCT can provide insights into other childhood dementias based on the correlation between retinal and brain degeneration in Sanfilippo syndrome.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Qianling Jiang, Xin Ma, Gaochen Zhu, Wen Si, Lingyu He, Guan Yang
Summary: This study investigated the effects of EAE induction on thymopoiesis and T cell development, revealing changes such as increased apoptosis, decreased proliferation, and a blockade in the transition from double-negative thymocytes to double-positive cells. It was also found that positive selection was disrupted in the thymus of EAE mice, along with an increased production of regulatory T cells.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Alice McDouall, Guido Wassink, Sumudu Ranasinghe, Kelly Q. Zhou, Rashika N. Karunasinghe, Justin M. Dean, Joanne O. Davidson
Summary: This study found that blocking connexin 43 hemichannels can attenuate brain injury and promote neurodevelopment in infants with mild hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, without causing hypothermia.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Hannah Sweetman, Mahmudur Rahman, Aditya Vedantam, Kajana Satkunendrarajah
Summary: Degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is a neurological condition characterized by chronic compression of the cervical spinal cord, leading to impaired limb function. While respiratory dysfunction is not a common symptom of DCM, it can affect the ventilatory response to respiratory challenges. Surgical decompression improves sensorimotor function in DCM, but its impact on respiratory function is unclear. This study evaluates respiratory function and adaptive ventilation in a DCM model, showing that DCM impairs acute adaptive ventilatory ability and surgical decompression does not fully restore it.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Chengmei Sun, Muhammad Saif Ur Rahman, Budbazar Enkhjargal, Jianhua Peng, Keren Zhou, Zhiyi Xie, Lingyun Wu, Tongyu Zhang, Qiquan Zhu, Jiping Tang, Yujia Zeng, John H. Zhang, Shanshan Xu
Summary: This study found that Osteopontin (OPN) can attenuate inflammatory responses after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) by promoting an anti-inflammatory microglial state. This effect may be mediated through the integrin-FAK-STAT3 and NF-kappa B signaling pathways.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Yang Yang, Xuezhu Chen, Chuanyan Yang, Mei Liu, Qianying Huang, Likun Yang, Yuhai Wang, Hua Feng, Zhongyang Gao, Tunan Chen
Summary: The study explores the effects of specific chemogenetic stimulation of intact corticospinal tract on functional recovery after stroke in mice. The findings demonstrate that combining chemogenetic activation with rehabilitation training leads to significant motor functional recovery by promoting axon sprouting and rewiring new functional circuits.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)