Article
Clinical Neurology
Ming-Fung Wu, Thomas C. Thannickal, Songlin Li, Ronald McGregor, Yuan-Yang Lai, Jerome M. Siegel
Summary: Long-term use of sodium oxybate (SXB) can alleviate cataplexy and sleepiness in narcolepsy. However, unlike opioids, SXB increases the size of Hcrt neurons, decreases Hcrt levels in the hypothalamus, and reduces tyrosine hydroxylase levels in the locus coeruleus. Although there are some similar effects on narcoleptic symptoms, SXB does not produce anatomical changes similar to opioids.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Toshiharu Nagatsu, Akira Nakashima, Hirohisa Watanabe, Shosuke Ito, Kazumasa Wakamatsu
Summary: Parkinson's disease is an aging-related neurodegenerative disease characterized by movement disorders and deficiency of dopamine. Lewy bodies and abnormal accumulation of neuromelanin are the histopathological hallmarks of Parkinson's disease, leading to cell death of dopamine neurons.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Psychiatry
Jennifer A. Ross, Elisabeth J. Van Bockstaele
Summary: Arousal can be understood as a spectrum with different states on each side, and historically, defining arousal and stress as measurable experimental variables has been challenging. Efforts to study these subjects have led to the development of disciplines such as neurobiology, neuroendocrinology, and cognitive neuroscience. Advancements in technology have contributed to our current understanding of the arousal system, particularly in relation to the locus coeruleus nucleus.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Long Ma, Jing-Yuan Tang, Jin-Yong Zhou, Ping Zhou, Chen Zhu, Xin Zhang, Yan Wang, Jing-Quan Ding, Hong-Qian Jia, Xiao-Jian Gu
Summary: This study investigated the supraspinal control of micturition reflex and found that lumbosacral projecting neurons in the Locus Coeruleus play a crucial role. Specific ablation of these neurons resulted in overflow incontinence and lower void efficiency, possibly due to detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia.
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Juan Facundo Morici, Gabrielle Girardeau
Summary: A new study reveals that infra-slow cortical norepinephrine oscillations play a crucial role in shaping the micro-structure of sleep and transitions between wakefulness, micro-arousals, and REM sleep. Furthermore, prolonged descending phases of these oscillations enhance the occurrence of spindle-rich intermediate sleep, which is involved in memory consolidation.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Kui Cui, Fan Yang, Turan Tufan, Muhammad U. Raza, Yanqiang Zhan, Yan Fan, Fei Zeng, Russell W. Brown, Jennifer B. Price, Thomas C. Jones, Gary W. Miller, Meng-Yang Zhu
Summary: This study demonstrates that over-expression of specific transcription factors in the LC region of the brain in a PD mouse model improves noradrenergic and dopaminergic activities, leading to enhanced spatial memory and locomotor behavior. These findings highlight the potential for gene therapies in treating PD and expand our understanding of the interaction between LC-norepinephrine and dopamine systems in PD progression.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Siddhartha Joshi
Summary: In addition to norepinephrine and acetylcholine, serotonin is found to be associated with pupil dilation during goal-directed behavior.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zachary N. M. Luyo, Abigail B. Lawrence, Theodore G. Stathopoulos, Darlene A. Mitrano
Summary: This study used immunohistochemistry at the electron microscopic level to determine the expression of α1-adrenergic receptors (α1ARs) in the locus coeruleus (LC). The results showed that α1ARs were mainly expressed in axon terminals and glial elements in the LC. This study provides neuroanatomical evidence for the effects of norepinephrine and drugs acting on α1ARs in the LC.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL NEUROANATOMY
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Toshiharu Nagatsu, Akira Nakashima, Hirohisa Watanabe, Shosuke Ito, Kazumasa Wakamatsu, Fabio A. Zucca, Luigi Zecca, Moussa Youdim, Maximilian Wulf, Peter Riederer, Johannes M. Dijkstra
Summary: The dark pigment neuromelanin (NM) is abundant in dopamine (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) and norepinephrine (NE) neurons in the locus coeruleus (LC) in the human brain. During the progression of Parkinson's disease (PD), NM levels in these neurons decrease. The synthesis pathway involves conversion of tyrosine to L-DOPA, then to DA or NE, followed by autoxidation and conversion to eumelanic or pheomelanic NM.
JOURNAL OF NEURAL TRANSMISSION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jelena Katic, Yuichi Morohashi, Yoko Yazaki-Sugiyama
Summary: Social interactions play a crucial role in vocal learning, and the neural circuitry in the brain can authenticate real social information to support accurate and robust song learning in birds.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marcus Grueschow, Nico Stenz, Hanna Thoern, Ulrike Ehlert, Jan Breckwoldt, Monika Brodmann Maeder, Aristomenis K. Exadaktylos, Roland Bingisser, Christian C. Ruff, Birgit Kleim
Summary: Individuals show varied responses to stressful events, with research findings indicating that fMRI-measured responsivity of the human brainstem arousal system and associated pupil responses are related to the severity of psychopathological symptoms triggered by prolonged real-life stress.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fumiaki Sato, Ryoya Shiomoto, Shigeki Nakauchi, Tetsuto Minami
Summary: The relationship between posture and perception has been investigated, and this study found that neck posture affects the perception of the Necker cube. The results suggest that the probability of perception is modulated by posture.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Noa Matosevich, Yuval Nir
Summary: During sleep, the brain's noradrenaline system plays a key role in influencing sleep spindles through the thalamus and regulating coordinated heart rate variations, leading to fluctuations between disengagement and sensory reactivity every 50 seconds.
Correction
Biochemical Research Methods
Mattia Privitera, Kim David Ferrari, Lukas M. von Ziegler, Oliver Sturman, Sian N. Duss, Amalia Floriou-Servou, Pierre-Luc Germain, Yannick Vermeiren, Matthias T. Wyss, Peter P. De Deyn, Bruno Weber, Johannes Bohacek
Summary: A correction to this paper has been published and can be viewed at the provided link.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Emanuele R. G. Plini, M. C. Melnychuk, A. Harkin, M. J. Dahl, M. McAuslan, S. Kuehn, R. T. Boyle, R. Whelan, R. Andrews, S. Duezel, J. Dreweilies, G. G. Wagner, U. Lindenberger, K. Norman, I. H. Robertson, P. M. Dockree
Summary: The intake of tyrosine is positively associated with the signal intensity of the Locus Coeruleus-Noradrenergic System (LC-NA). The LC-NA system mediates the relationship between tyrosine intake and cognitive performance, as well as brain maintenance.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION HEALTH & AGING
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Mariana Leite, Ana F. Carvalho, Patricio Costa, Ricardo Pereira, Antonio Moreira, Nuno Rodrigues, Sara Laureano, Jorge Correia-Pinto, Joao L. Vilaca, Pedro Leao
SURGICAL INNOVATION
(2016)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sofia Fernandes, Ana F. Carvalho, Ana J. Rodrigues, Patricio Costa, Moreno Sanz, Andre Goulart, Hugo Rios, Pedro Leao
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COLORECTAL DISEASE
(2016)
Article
Neurosciences
B. A. S. Reyes, A. F. Carvalho, P. Szot, D. J. Kalamarides, Q. Wang, L. G. Kirby, E. J. Van Bockstaele
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2017)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
A. F. Carvalho, B. A. S. Reyes, F. Ramalhosa, N. Sousa, E. J. Van Bockstaele
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2016)
Article
Neurosciences
Ana F. Carvalho, Kenneth Mackie, Elisabeth J. Van Bockstaele
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2010)
Article
Neurosciences
Ana Franky Carvalho, Elisabeth J. Van Bockstaele
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2011)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fatima Ramalhosa, Carina Soares-Cunha, Rui Miguel Seixal, Nuno Sousa, Franky Carvalho
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ana Franky Carvalho, Elisabeth J. Van Bockstaele
PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2012)
Article
Neurosciences
Ana Franky Carvalho, Arith-Ruth S. Reyes, Robert C. Sterling, Ellen Unterwald, Elisabeth J. Van Bockstaele
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2010)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ana Rosa Soares, Madalena Esteves, Pedro Silva Moreira, Ana Margarida Cunha, Marco Rafael Guimaraes, Miguel Murteira Carvalho, Catarina Raposo-Lima, Pedro Morgado, Ana Franky Carvalho, Barbara Coimbra, Antonio Melo, Ana Joao Rodrigues, Antonio Jose Salgado, Jose Miguel Pego, Joao Jose Cerqueira, Patricio Costa, Nuno Sousa, Armando Almeida, Hugo Leite-Almeida
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2018)
Article
Neurosciences
Wenzhu Wang, Zihan Li, Yitong Yan, Shuo Wu, Xinyu Yao, Chen Gao, Lanxiang Liu, Yan Yu
Summary: This study investigated the reparative mechanisms of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) in traumatic brain injury (TBI) and found that LIPUS promotes hippocampal neurogenesis, enhances neural electrical activity and neural plasticity, ultimately restoring neuronal function and cognitive capabilities in TBI mice.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Wenmin Yi, Fei Chen, Minghao Yuan, Chuanling Wang, Shengyuan Wang, Jie Wen, Qian Zou, Yinshuang Pu, Zhiyou Cai
Summary: The study suggests that a high-fat diet may lead to tau hyperphosphorylation and synaptic dysfunction by inhibiting the SIRT1/AMPK pathway and disrupting autophagy flux, ultimately resulting in cognitive decline.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Kim M. Hemsley, Helen Beard, Glyn Chidlow, Teresa Mammone, Leanne K. Winner, Daniel Neumann, Barbara King, Marten F. Snel, Paul J. Trim, Robert J. Casson
Summary: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive method that can be used to rapidly and quantitatively examine the integrity of the neuroretina. It has been shown that OCT can be used to observe retinal thinning in patients with childhood dementia, and to assess the improvement of retinal structure after treatment. Furthermore, OCT can provide insights into other childhood dementias based on the correlation between retinal and brain degeneration in Sanfilippo syndrome.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Qianling Jiang, Xin Ma, Gaochen Zhu, Wen Si, Lingyu He, Guan Yang
Summary: This study investigated the effects of EAE induction on thymopoiesis and T cell development, revealing changes such as increased apoptosis, decreased proliferation, and a blockade in the transition from double-negative thymocytes to double-positive cells. It was also found that positive selection was disrupted in the thymus of EAE mice, along with an increased production of regulatory T cells.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Alice McDouall, Guido Wassink, Sumudu Ranasinghe, Kelly Q. Zhou, Rashika N. Karunasinghe, Justin M. Dean, Joanne O. Davidson
Summary: This study found that blocking connexin 43 hemichannels can attenuate brain injury and promote neurodevelopment in infants with mild hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, without causing hypothermia.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Hannah Sweetman, Mahmudur Rahman, Aditya Vedantam, Kajana Satkunendrarajah
Summary: Degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is a neurological condition characterized by chronic compression of the cervical spinal cord, leading to impaired limb function. While respiratory dysfunction is not a common symptom of DCM, it can affect the ventilatory response to respiratory challenges. Surgical decompression improves sensorimotor function in DCM, but its impact on respiratory function is unclear. This study evaluates respiratory function and adaptive ventilation in a DCM model, showing that DCM impairs acute adaptive ventilatory ability and surgical decompression does not fully restore it.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Chengmei Sun, Muhammad Saif Ur Rahman, Budbazar Enkhjargal, Jianhua Peng, Keren Zhou, Zhiyi Xie, Lingyun Wu, Tongyu Zhang, Qiquan Zhu, Jiping Tang, Yujia Zeng, John H. Zhang, Shanshan Xu
Summary: This study found that Osteopontin (OPN) can attenuate inflammatory responses after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) by promoting an anti-inflammatory microglial state. This effect may be mediated through the integrin-FAK-STAT3 and NF-kappa B signaling pathways.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Yang Yang, Xuezhu Chen, Chuanyan Yang, Mei Liu, Qianying Huang, Likun Yang, Yuhai Wang, Hua Feng, Zhongyang Gao, Tunan Chen
Summary: The study explores the effects of specific chemogenetic stimulation of intact corticospinal tract on functional recovery after stroke in mice. The findings demonstrate that combining chemogenetic activation with rehabilitation training leads to significant motor functional recovery by promoting axon sprouting and rewiring new functional circuits.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)