Article
Clinical Neurology
David A. Rice, Gwyn N. Lewis, Thomas Graven-Nielsen, Rufus Luther, Peter J. McNair
Summary: This study compared the temporal corticomotor excitability changes in the upper and lower limbs in response to acute upper and lower limb pain. The findings indicate a limb-specific corticomotor response to experimental pain that may be related to limb function. This research helps us understand the impact of acute, experimental pain on motor control of both local and distant muscles.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Daniel Fernando Arias Betancur, Maria da Graca Lopes Tarrago, Iraci Lucena da Silva Torres, Felipe Fregni, Wolnei Caumo
Summary: The review of cortical neurophysiological changes in CPSP patients revealed limitations such as heterogeneity in parameter measurements, lack of a control group without pain, and absence of consistent and validated diagnosis criteria. Despite these limitations, the dataset provides evidence for improving understanding of CPSP physiopathology and supports the development of a diagnostic framework to enhance future research on somatosensory sequelae following stroke.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Ryan P. D. Alexander, Derek Bowie
Summary: NMDA receptors induce long-term changes in firing rates of inhibitory stellate cells by driving intrinsic plasticity through a Ca2+- and CaMKII-dependent pathway, which alters the activation and inactivation properties of voltage-gated Na+ channels. This signaling pathway also lowers the action potential threshold by causing a hyperpolarizing shift in Na+ channel gating, suggesting a potential mechanism for fine-tuning motor behavior.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Nahian S. Chowdhury, Wei-Ju Chang, Samantha K. Millard, Patrick Skippen, Katarzyna Bilska, David A. Seminowicz, Siobhan M. Schabrun
Summary: Experimental pain alters corticomotor excitability, with reductions observed in both short and long durations of pain. The magnitude of reduction in corticomotor excitability is associated with pain severity, with greater reductions seen in higher pain severity. In healthy individuals, the suppression of corticomotor excitability may serve as a short-term beneficial strategy but has long-term consequences.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Wen-Yang Li, Hongyu Jin, Ying Zou, Hong Huang, Zhijing Wei, Jian Kang, Yixue Xue, Wei Wang
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of different tongue training approaches on the mechanical efficiency of upper airway muscles and neuroplasticity. The results showed that tongue training could improve upper airway stability and induce neuroplastic changes more efficiently without causing muscle injury.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Luigi Manzo, Giuliana Orlandi, Olimpia Gabrielli, Paolo Toscano, Enrica Di Lella, Antonia Lettieri, Laura Letizia Mazzarelli, Giordana Sica, Letizia Di Meglio, Lavinia Di Meglio, Gabriele Ruffo, Carmine Sica, Ferdinando Antonio Gulino, Giosue Giordano Incognito, Attilio Tuscano, Alice Giorno, Aniello Di Meglio
Summary: The aim of this study was to provide prenatal nomograms of the normal cerebellar area using 2D ultrasonography. A strong positive correlation was found between cerebellar area and gestational age. Several nomograms of the normal cerebellar area were provided. These findings are important for assessing cerebellar abnormalities.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Callum G. Brownstein, Melanie Metra, Frederic Sabater Pastor, Robin Faricier, Guillaume Y. Millet
Summary: This study compared the effects of running and cycling on neuromuscular function. The results showed that despite similar reductions in knee extensor strength after both types of exercise, the mechanisms responsible for force loss differed. Running exercise was associated with greater impairments in nervous system function, particularly at the spinal level, while cycling exercise resulted in greater impairments in contractile function. This may be due to differences in the mechanical and metabolic demands imposed on the quadriceps during these two forms of exercise.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Abdulraheem Nashef, Rea Mitelman, Ran Harel, Mati Joshua, Yifat Prut
Summary: Our study on correlated firing between motor thalamic and cortical cells in monkeys performing a delayed-response reaching task revealed positive and negative correlations between thalamic cells and primary motor cortex activity, as well as premotor cortex activity around movement onset. This functional cooperation and opposition between the motor thalamus and distinct motor cortical areas with specific roles in planning vs. performing movements suggests that the motor thalamus can facilitate the transition from a motor plan to execution by enhancing and suppressing motor and premotor firing.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Nikolai H. Jung, Bernhard Gleich, Norbert Gattinger, Anke Kalb, Julia Fritsch, Elisabeth Asenbauer, Hartwig R. Siebner, Volker Mall
Summary: The study found that pulse configuration and induced current direction of DSW qTBS at I-wave periodicity determine the plasticity effects on corticospinal excitability.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Yanbing Jia, Xiaoyan Liu, Jing Wei, Duo Li, Chun Wang, Xueqiang Wang, Hao Liu
Summary: Repetitive peripheral nerve magnetic stimulation can increase peak motor evoked potential amplitude, enhance the slope of the recruitment curve immediately after intervention, and improve hand dexterity after 24 hours. However, the differences between the two groups were not significant.
FRONTIERS IN NEURAL CIRCUITS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Muath A. Shraim, Hugo Masse-Alarie, Sauro E. Salomoni, Paul W. Hodges
Summary: This study investigated corticospinal excitability and intra-cortical mechanisms in the lower back region of the motor cortex before and after a single session of lumbopelvic tilt motor learning task. The results showed a significant increase in corticospinal excitability after training, but no changes in intra-cortical mechanisms. There was good agreement between different TMS coils and acquisition methods in measuring cortical function.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yang Bai, Bryce Grier, Erez Geron
Summary: By studying fear learning in mice, researchers discovered that negative tone responses in the primary motor cortex (M1) are developed after conditioning, depending on the weakening of active dendritic spines during training. Blocking this form of anti-Hebbian plasticity disrupts negative tone responses and freezing. Therefore, reducing the strength of active dendritic spines during memory encoding leads to negative responses in M1, aiding freezing.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Carrie A. Hinchman, Peter J. Fried, Ali Jannati, Daniel Z. Press, Alvaro Pascual-Leone, Adam P. Stern
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether modulation of corticomotor excitability by rTMS predicts response to rTMS treatment for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). The results showed that higher post-10 Hz MEP change predicted greater improvement on the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D). However, this relationship was not observed with intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS).
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Ali Choucry, Khaled Ghandour, Kaoru Inokuchi
Summary: This article investigates a specific neuromodulatory circuit in the hippocampus that is involved in contextual memory linking, but not formation.
Review
Sport Sciences
Justin L. Rush, Neal R. Glaviano, Grant E. Norte
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis compared the quadriceps neural excitability between ACLR limbs, uninjured limbs, and controls. Results showed differences in motor threshold and motor-evoked potential amplitudes between involved and uninvolved limbs, as well as differences in intracortical inhibition. Further research is needed to explore the impact of neural excitability on rehabilitation outcomes.
Article
Neurosciences
Wenzhu Wang, Zihan Li, Yitong Yan, Shuo Wu, Xinyu Yao, Chen Gao, Lanxiang Liu, Yan Yu
Summary: This study investigated the reparative mechanisms of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) in traumatic brain injury (TBI) and found that LIPUS promotes hippocampal neurogenesis, enhances neural electrical activity and neural plasticity, ultimately restoring neuronal function and cognitive capabilities in TBI mice.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Wenmin Yi, Fei Chen, Minghao Yuan, Chuanling Wang, Shengyuan Wang, Jie Wen, Qian Zou, Yinshuang Pu, Zhiyou Cai
Summary: The study suggests that a high-fat diet may lead to tau hyperphosphorylation and synaptic dysfunction by inhibiting the SIRT1/AMPK pathway and disrupting autophagy flux, ultimately resulting in cognitive decline.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Kim M. Hemsley, Helen Beard, Glyn Chidlow, Teresa Mammone, Leanne K. Winner, Daniel Neumann, Barbara King, Marten F. Snel, Paul J. Trim, Robert J. Casson
Summary: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive method that can be used to rapidly and quantitatively examine the integrity of the neuroretina. It has been shown that OCT can be used to observe retinal thinning in patients with childhood dementia, and to assess the improvement of retinal structure after treatment. Furthermore, OCT can provide insights into other childhood dementias based on the correlation between retinal and brain degeneration in Sanfilippo syndrome.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Qianling Jiang, Xin Ma, Gaochen Zhu, Wen Si, Lingyu He, Guan Yang
Summary: This study investigated the effects of EAE induction on thymopoiesis and T cell development, revealing changes such as increased apoptosis, decreased proliferation, and a blockade in the transition from double-negative thymocytes to double-positive cells. It was also found that positive selection was disrupted in the thymus of EAE mice, along with an increased production of regulatory T cells.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Alice McDouall, Guido Wassink, Sumudu Ranasinghe, Kelly Q. Zhou, Rashika N. Karunasinghe, Justin M. Dean, Joanne O. Davidson
Summary: This study found that blocking connexin 43 hemichannels can attenuate brain injury and promote neurodevelopment in infants with mild hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, without causing hypothermia.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Hannah Sweetman, Mahmudur Rahman, Aditya Vedantam, Kajana Satkunendrarajah
Summary: Degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is a neurological condition characterized by chronic compression of the cervical spinal cord, leading to impaired limb function. While respiratory dysfunction is not a common symptom of DCM, it can affect the ventilatory response to respiratory challenges. Surgical decompression improves sensorimotor function in DCM, but its impact on respiratory function is unclear. This study evaluates respiratory function and adaptive ventilation in a DCM model, showing that DCM impairs acute adaptive ventilatory ability and surgical decompression does not fully restore it.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Chengmei Sun, Muhammad Saif Ur Rahman, Budbazar Enkhjargal, Jianhua Peng, Keren Zhou, Zhiyi Xie, Lingyun Wu, Tongyu Zhang, Qiquan Zhu, Jiping Tang, Yujia Zeng, John H. Zhang, Shanshan Xu
Summary: This study found that Osteopontin (OPN) can attenuate inflammatory responses after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) by promoting an anti-inflammatory microglial state. This effect may be mediated through the integrin-FAK-STAT3 and NF-kappa B signaling pathways.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Yang Yang, Xuezhu Chen, Chuanyan Yang, Mei Liu, Qianying Huang, Likun Yang, Yuhai Wang, Hua Feng, Zhongyang Gao, Tunan Chen
Summary: The study explores the effects of specific chemogenetic stimulation of intact corticospinal tract on functional recovery after stroke in mice. The findings demonstrate that combining chemogenetic activation with rehabilitation training leads to significant motor functional recovery by promoting axon sprouting and rewiring new functional circuits.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
